Influence of Sulfur Content on the Fracture Toughness Properties of 2 1/4 Percent Cr-1 Percent Mo Steel

1976 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Copeland
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Crack Opening ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Compact Tension Specimen ◽  
Tension Specimen ◽  
Microvoid Coalescence ◽  
Opening Displacement

The effects of sulfur content on the fracture toughness properties of 2 1/4Cr-1 Mo steel were evaluated at test temperatures above, at, and below the nil ductility transition temperature (NDTT) of −23°C (−10°F). Small, 12.7-mm (0.5-in.) thick compact tension specimen results were combined with J-integral, Equivalent Energy, and Crack Opening Displacement analytical techniques to provide KIc results up to 22°C (72°F). It was found that the sulfur content of this steel has a large detrimental effect on KIc at the NDTT and above, where microvoid coalescence is the fracture mode. Sulfur has no significant effect at −73°C (−100°F) where cleavage occurs. These results also indicate that the higher Charpy V-notch energy at NDTT, shown by lower sulfur steels, is translatable into increased fracture resistance.

The Fracture Toughness of Hardened Tool Steels

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Watt ◽  
Pamela Nadin ◽  
S. B. Biner
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Slow Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Opening ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Opening Displacement ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Toughness Testing

This report details the development of a three-stage fracture toughness testing procedure used to study the effect of tempering temperature on toughness in 01 tool steel. Modified compact tension specimens were used in which the fatigue precracking stage in the ASTM E-399 Procedure was replaced by stable precracking, followed by a slow crack growth. The specimen geometry has been designed to provide a region where slow crack growth can be achieved in brittle materials. Three parameters, load, crack opening displacement, and time have been monitored during the testing procedure and a combination of heat tinting and a compliance equation have been used to identify the position of the crack front. Significant KIC results have been obtained using a modified ASTM fracture toughness equation. An inverse relationship between KIC and hardness has been measured.

Experimental Investigation Into the Fracture Toughness of Polyethylene Pipe Material

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihab Mamdouh Graice ◽  
Maher Y. A. Younan ◽  
Soheir Ahmed Radwan Naga
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Crack Opening ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Opening Displacement

The mechanical behavior of the recently produced gas pipes material PE100 is investigated and compared to the commonly used material PE80 to determine their relative advantages. The two materials show plastic behavior at room temperature. The fracture toughness of the two materials is experimentally determined using the two common elastic plastic fracture mechanics methods: the ASTM multiple specimen test method for determining the J-R curve of the materials, and the crack opening displacement (COD) method. The investigation of the fracture behavior of the two materials includes the effect of the specimen thickness as well as specimen configuration. The experimental tests were carried on the compact tension (CT) specimens and the single edge notch bending (SENB) specimens. At −70°C, the materials show elastic behavior, the ASTM test method for determining fracture toughness is applied to SENB specimens to determine KIC of both materials. PE80 shows greater resistance to fracture than PE100.

Comparison of J-Integral Values and J-R Curves Between Carbon Steel Compact Tension Specimen and Pipe Specimen

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Takanashi ◽  
Satoshi Izumi ◽  
Shinsuke Sakai ◽  
Naoki Miura
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Crack Initiation ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Compact Tension Specimen ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
J Integral ◽  
Tension Specimen ◽  
Elastic Plastic

In the present study, the transferability of elastic-plastic fracture toughness from a small-scale to a large-scale specimen was experimentally confirmed for carbon steel pipe with mild toughness. Fracture toughness tests were carried out on a pipe specimen 318.5 mm in outer diameter, 10.3 mm in thickness and having a through-wall crack, and also on a compact tension specimen 9.7mm in thickness, 25.4 mm in width, that had been cut out from the pipe specimen. Test results indicated the J-integral value of the pipe specimen at the crack initiation to be nearly twice that of the CT specimen. Finite element analysis conducted on the two specimens indicated this difference to arise primarily from the constraint near the crack front. Discussion was also made of the effects of crack orientation on elastic-plastic fracture toughness of CT specimens. The J-integral value at crack initiation in the specimen whose crack direction coincided with the pipe axial was found to be almost 54 % more than for specimens whose crack direction was circumferential.

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Investigation of Damage Behaviour on Al6061 Laser Welded Joints

2014 ◽  
Vol 627 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
H.Y. Tu ◽  
Siegfried Schmauder ◽  
Ulrich Weber
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Crack Opening ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Void Volume Fraction ◽  
Opening Displacement ◽  
Hardness Tests

The ductile damage behaviour of an aluminium laser welded joint is studied experimentally and numerically. The dimensions of the weld regions are fixed by hardness tests. Fracture toughness tests of Al6061 laser beam welded joints were performed with the compact tension (C(T)) specimens. The Rousselier model is used and the parameters: initial void volume fraction (f0) and average void distance (lc) are identified by metallographic investigations, for the BM, the FZ and the HAZ. Numerical calibration of the Rousselier parameters is performed on notched round specimens. The same Rousselier parameters are used to predict force vs. Crack Opening Displacement (COD) of C(T) specimens.

Experimental Investigation Into the Fracture Toughness of Polyethylene Pipe Material

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihab Mamdouh Graice ◽  
Maher Y. A. Younan ◽  
Soheir Ahmed Radwan Naga
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Crack Opening ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Opening Displacement

The mechanical behavior of the recently produced gas pipes material PE100 is investigated and compared to the commonly used material PE80 to determine their relative advantages. The two materials show plastic behavior at room temperature. The fracture toughness of the two materials is experimentally determined using the two common elastic plastic fracture mechanics methods: the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) multiple specimen test method for determining the J-R curve of the materials, and the crack opening displacement method. The investigation of the fracture behavior of the two materials includes the effect of the specimen thickness as well as specimen configuration. The experimental tests were carried on the compact tension specimens and the single edge notch bending (SENB) specimens. At −70°C, the materials show elastic behavior, the ASTM test method for determining fracture toughness is applied to SENB specimens to determine KIC of both materials. PE80 shows greater resistance to fracture than PE100.

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