scholarly journals Design Charts for Arbitrarily Pivoted, Liquid-Lubricated, Flat-Sector-Pad Thrust Bearing

1978 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Etsion
Keyword(s):  
Thrust Bearing ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Loss Coefficient ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Direct Approach ◽  
Friction Loss ◽  
Unit Load ◽  
Design Charts

A flat sector-shaped geometry for a liquid-lubricated thrust bearing is analyzed considering both the pitch and roll of the pad. Performance characteristics such as center of pressure location, unit load, and friction loss coefficient, are presented in design charts. These charts enable a direct approach to the design of both point and line pivoted pads and also provide the necessary procedure for the design of nontilting flat pads. The various features of point and line pivoted configurations are discussed, and a comparison is made with the Michell bearing approximation. It is found that this approximation always overestimates load capacity.

Additively Manufactured Compliant Hybrid Gas Thrust Bearing for SCO2 Turbomachinery: Experimental Evaluation & Fluid-Structure Model Predictions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bugra Ertas ◽  
Keith Gary ◽  
Adolfo Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Thrust Bearing ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Squeeze Film ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Unit Load ◽  
Free System ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Process Gas

Abstract The following paper presents test results and advances an analytical predictive fluid-structure model for a new type of gas lubricated thrust bearing fabricated using direct metal laser melting (DMLM). The concept in the present study is a compliant hybrid gas thrust bearing using external pressurization to increase load carrying capacity, where the testing in the present study only focused on steady state static performance. The need for the bearing concept comes from enabling highly efficient supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) turbomachinery by replacing oil-lubricated bearings with process gas lubrication. Leveraging the process gas for bearing lubrication results in lowered bearing power loss [1], simplified mechanical design, and allows for novel oil-free hermetic drivetrains resulting in an efficient emission-free system [2,3]. The new concept utilizes hydrostatic pressurization on individual tilting pads flexibly mounted with hermetic squeeze film dampers (HSFD). The paper focuses on tests of a 173mm outer diameter gas thrust bearing in air up to 10krpm and hydrostatic inlet pressures to 365psi (2.52MPa). The present work advances a fluid-structure thrust bearing model using an isothermal ideal-gas based Reynolds flow equation coupled to a lumped stiffness element possessing axial and rotational degrees of freedom. The rotating testing demonstrated load capability of 1,816 lbs (8.1KN), which equates to a thrust bearing unit load of 67psi (0.46 MPa). Load capability was shown to increase with increasing hydrostatic inlet pressure while the increase in thrust runner speed revealed a small decrease in load capacity.

Predicted Performance Characteristics of Hybrid, Fluid-Equalized, Tilting-Pad Thrust Bearings

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Shapiro ◽  
R. Graham ◽  
G. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Thrust Bearing ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Support Structure ◽  
Thrust Bearings ◽  
Tilting Pad ◽  
Separate Control ◽  
Hybrid Fluid ◽  
Supply Systems

The concept of a fluid-equalized, tilting-pad thrust bearing is presented. Load augmentation is introduced by external pressurization through the pad pivots. Performance characteristics were obtained for two different external hybrid supply systems. One system is completely independent of the equalizing system; the other utilizes a common supply and equalization system with separate control pads fixed to the support structure. The bearing retains (and may improve upon) the advantages of equalization and alignment inherent in hydrodynamic tilting-pad, leveling-link thrust bearings and permits significantly added load capacity.

Numerical and experimental studies on the thermal and static characteristics of multi-leaf foil thrust bearing

2021 ◽  
pp. 135065012110110
Author(s):  
Yu Guo ◽  
Yu Hou ◽  
Qi Zhao ◽  
Xionghao Ren ◽  
Shuangtao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Thrust Bearing ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Elastic Model ◽  
Static Characteristics ◽  
Bearing Load ◽  
Foil Thrust Bearing ◽  
Cooling Air

Foil bearing is considered to be a promising supporting technology in high-speed centrifugal machinery. Due to the high-speed shearing effect in the viscous lubricant film, heat generation could not be ignored. In this paper, a thermo-elastic model of the multi-leaf foil thrust bearing is proposed to predict its thermal and static characteristics. In the model, modified Reynolds equation, energy equation, and Kirchhoff equation are solved in a coupling way. The contact area between the foil and welding plate is taken into account. Besides, the effect of cooling air on the bearing temperature is investigated. The ultimate load capacity and transient overload failure process of the bearing is analyzed and discussed. The effect of rotation speed on the bearing temperature is more obvious than that of the bearing load. The bearing temperature drops obviously by introducing the cooling air, and the cooling effect is improved with the supply pressure. The transient overload failure of the bearing occurs when the bearing load exceeds the ultimate value.

An Accurate Solution of the Gas Lubricated, Flat Sector Thrust Bearing

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Etsion ◽  
D. P. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Thrust Bearing ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Thickness Distribution ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Accurate Solution ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Thrust Bearings ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Minimum Film Thickness

A flat sector shaped pad geometry for gas lubricated thrust bearings is analyzed considering both pitch and roll angles of the pad and the true film thickness distribution. Maximum load capacity is achieved when the pad is tilted so as to create a uniform minimum film thickness along the pad trailing edge. Performance characteristics for various geometries and operating conditions of gas thrust bearings are presented in the form of design curves. A comparison is made with the rectangular slider approximation. It is found that this approximation is unsafe for practical design, since it always overestimates load capacity.

Additively Manufactured Compliant Hybrid Gas Thrust Bearing for SCO2 Turbomachinery: Design and Proof of Concept Testing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bugra Ertas
Keyword(s):  
Thrust Bearing ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Squeeze Film ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Unit Load ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
New Type ◽  
Turbomachinery Design

Abstract The following paper presents a new type of gas lubricated thrust bearing fabricated using additive manufacturing or direct metal laser melting (DMLM). The motivation for the new bearing concept is derived from the need for highly efficient supercritical carbon dioxide turbomachinery in the mega-watt power range. The paper provides a review of existing gas thrust bearing technologies, outlines the need for the new DMLM concept, and discusses proof of concept testing results. The new concept combines hydrostatic pressurization with individual flexibly mounted pads using hermetic squeeze film dampers in the bearing-pad support. Proof-of-concept testing in air for a 6.8" (173mm) outer diameter thrust bearing was performed; with loads up to 1,500 lbs (6.67kN) and a rotating speed of 10krpm (91 m/s tip speed). The experiments were performed with a bent shaft resulting in thrust runner axial vibration magnitudes of 2.9mils (74microns) p-p and dynamic thrust loads of 270 lbs (1.2kN) p-p. In addition, force deflection characteristics of the bearing system are presented for an inlet hydrostatic pressure of 380psi (2.62MPa). Results at 10krpm show that the pad support architecture was able to sustain high levels of dynamic misalignment equaling 6 times the nominal film clearance while demonstrating a unit load carrying capacity of 55psi (0.34Mpa). Gas-film force-deflection tests portrayed nonlinear behavior like a hardening spring, while the pad support stiffness was measured to be linear and independent of film thickness.

Influence of different flow regimes on the performance characteristics of a four-pad hydrostatic squeeze film damper loaded between pads

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-446
Author(s):  
Amina Nemchi ◽  
Ahmed Bouzidane ◽  
Aboubakeur Benariba ◽  
Hicham Aboshighiba
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Flow Regimes ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Squeeze Film ◽  
Eccentricity Ratio ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Turbulent Flow Regime ◽  
Squeeze Film Dampers

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of different flow regimes on the dynamic characteristics of four-pad hydrostatic squeeze film dampers (SFDs) loaded between pads. Design/methodology/approach A numerical model based on Constantinescu’s turbulent lubrication theory using the finite difference method has been developed and presented to study the effect of eccentricity ratio on the performance characteristics of four-pad hydrostatic SFDs under different flow regimes. Findings It was found that the influence of turbulent flow on the dimensionless damping of four-pad hydrostatic SFDs appears to be essentially controlled by the eccentricity ratio. It was also found that the laminar flow presents higher values of load capacity compared to bearings operating under turbulent flow conditions. Originality/value In fact, the results obtained show that the journal bearing performances are significantly influenced by the turbulent flow regime. The study is expected to be useful to bearing designers.

Nanoparticles-Laden Gas Film in Aerostatic Thrust Bearing

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiru Yang ◽  
Dongfeng Diao ◽  
Xue Fan ◽  
Hongyan Fan
Keyword(s):  
Effective Viscosity ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Thrust Bearing ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Air Film

Nanoparticles-laden gas film (NLGF) was formed by adding SiO2 nanoparticles with volume fraction in the range of 0.014–0.330% and size of 30 nm into the air gas film in a thrust bearing. An effective viscosity of the gas-solid two phase lubrication media was introduced. The pressure distribution in NLGF and the load capacity of the thrust bearing were calculated by using the gas-solid two phase flow model with the effective viscosity under the film thicknesses range of 15–60 μm condition. The results showed that the NLGF can increase the load capacity when the film thickness is larger than 30 μm. The mechanism of the enhancement effect of load capacity was attributed to the increase of the effective viscosity of the NLGF from the pure air film, and the novel lubrication media of the NLGF can be expected for the bearing industry application.

Behavior of Thermal Effects and Velocity-Slip on Performance of Externally Pressurized Porous Incompressible Gas Thrust Bearing

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Kapur ◽  
J. S. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Thrust Bearing ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Velocity Slip ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Slip Condition ◽  
Static Stiffness

In the present analysis, the interactions of thermal effects and velocity slip on the performance of externally pressurized porous incompressible gas thrust bearing have been studied. Numerical results for load capacity, mass flow rate, and static stiffness have been obtained and their behavior is illustrated in figures. The results for slip as well as no-slip condition have also been compared with the experimental results of Gargiulo and Gilmour [7].

On the Thermal Effects in the Design of Tilting-Pad Bearings Subjected to Inlet Pressure Build-Up

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Kim ◽  
C. M. Rodkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Inlet Pressure ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Pivot Point ◽  
Temperature Distributions ◽  
Tilting Pad ◽  
Tilting Pad Bearings ◽  
Force Coordinate

The presented analytical consideration of tilting-pad bearings incorporates simultaneously the changes in viscosity (due to viscous dissipation) and in the nonambient inlet pressure (due to momentum depletion within the fore-region). The solution provides the following quantities: film temperature distributions, pressure distribution, maximum temperature of the pad, load capacity, friction force, coordinate of the center of pressure, and coordinate of the pivot point. Comparison with the case when the inlet pressure is assumed to be ambient indicates the significance of the pressure build-up in the fore-region.

Design of Multi-Recess Hydrostatic Journal Bearings for Minimum Total Power Loss

1974 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cusano ◽  
T. F. Conry
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Journal Bearings ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Eccentricity Ratio ◽  
Constant Ratio ◽  
Design Charts

The design problem is formulated for multi-recess hydrostatic journal bearings with a design criterion of minimum total power loss. The design is subject to the constraints of constant ratio of the recess area to the total bearing area and maximum load capacity for a given recess geometry. The L/D ratio, eccentricity ratio, ratio of recess area to total bearing area, and shaft rotational speed are considered as parameters. The analysis is based on the bearing model of Raimondi and Boyd [1]. This model is generally valid for low-to-moderate speeds and a ratio of recess area-to-total bearing area of approximately 0.5 or greater. Design charts are presented for bearings having a ratio of recess area-to-total bearing area of 0.6 and employing capillary and orifice restrictors, these being the most common types of compensating elements. A design example is given to illustrate the use of the design charts.

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