High Cycle Rolling Contact Load Effects on the Microstructure of 50 Rockwell C AISI 52100 Steel

1972 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lyman ◽  
A. E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
High Hardness ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Contact Load ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Microstructural Alterations ◽  
Aisi 52100 ◽  
Aisi 52100 Steel ◽  
Load Effects ◽  
Microstructural Effect

An experimental program to determine the effect of cyclic radial rolling contact load on the microstructure of AISI 52100 steel quenched and tempered to 50 Rockwell C hardness is reported. The magnitude of the load was restricted to result in stress conditions that did not exceed the strain energy of distortion theory limit of elastic behavior. Cycling up to 109 cycles produced familiar “white etching” microstructural alterations around stress concentrators such as inclusions, but no microstructural effect related to the mathematical stress field was detected. Research to improve the elastic limit in high hardness-wear resistant steel appears to be needed.

Microstructural Alterations of Rolling—Bearing Steel Undergoing Cyclic Stressing

1966 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Martin ◽  
S. F. Borgese ◽  
A. D. Eberhardt
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Rolling Bearing ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Microstructural Alterations ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Aisi 52100 ◽  
A Cell

After prolonged cyclic stressing in rolling contact, AISI 52100 bearing steel parts develop extensive regions of microstructural alteration, designated as white etching areas. These are oriented in predictable directions relative to the rolling track. Lenticular carbides are always associated with these areas. Evidence is presented indicating that the boundaries of lenticular carbides constitute planes of weakness which may be preferred planes of fatigue cracking. In the transmission electron microscope the martensitic structure appears gradually transformed into a cell like structure by the action of cyclic stress. The size of crystallites is greatly reduced in this process. The density of microstructural change is found increased with cycling and is distributed in depth along a curve resembling that of the calculated maximum unidirectional shear stress with little or no visible change in the region of maximum orthogonal (alternating) shear stress.

Steel Composition Effects on Grindability and Rolling Contact Fatigue Resistance of Bearing Steels

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Torrance ◽  
R. J. Stokes ◽  
T. D. Howes
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Resistance ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Steel Rolling ◽  
Aisi 52100 ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Aisi 52100 Steel ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Contact Fatigue Resistance

Measurements of the grindability of a bearing quality AISI 1070 steel show that it is far less susceptible to grinding burn than is AISI 52100 steel. Whereas the behavior in this respect of AISI 52100 steel has been shown to correlate well with Malkin’s thermal model, the behavior of the AISI 1070 material did not show such good correlation, even when the difference in thermal conductivity of the two materials was taken into account. It was shown, however, that the more empirically based model of Peters et al. could provide a useful prediction for AISI 1070 steel and subsequently also for the AISI 52100 steel. Rolling contact tests indicate that its fatigue resistance is as good as that of AISI 52100, so it would seem to merit serious consideration as a cheaper alternative material for mass produced bearings.

scholarly journals Rolling Contact Performance of a Ti-Containing MoS2 Coating Operating Under Ambient, Vacuum, and Oil-Lubricated Conditions

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harpal Singh ◽  
Kalyan C. Mutyala ◽  
Gary L. Doll
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Frictional Heating ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Grease Lubrication ◽  
Aisi 52100 ◽  
Aisi 52100 Steel ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Steel Balls ◽  
Mos2 Coating

Solid lubricant molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) coatings have been frequently used to lubricate mechanisms operating in environments where oil and grease lubrication are ineffective. This work evaluated the rolling contact performance of a Titanium-containing MoS2 coating under humid ambient, vacuum, and oil-lubricated conditions. Weibull analyses of L50 lifetimes of AISI 52100 steel balls coated with a Ti-MoS2 coating paired with uncoated M50 steel rods were determined to be 3.7, 14.5, and 158.6 million cycles in ambient, vacuum, and oil-lubricated environments, respectively. In the ambient and vacuum tests, failures were determined to be associated with the onset of abrasive wear rather than fatigue or spalling. The L50 lifetimes of tests performed in those environments were found to depend upon the wear rate of the coatings on the balls. That is, the Ti-MoS2 functioned as a barrier to the onset of abrasive wear between the steel alloys until the coating was sufficiently worn away. Under oil-lubricated (boundary lubrication) conditions, L50 was found to depend on the durability and composition of tribofilms formed in-situ on the surfaces of the uncoated M50 rods. The tribofilms were comprised of mixtures of MoS2 crystallites and amorphous hydrocarbon (a-C:H). The crystalline MoS2 in the tribofilm originated from the amorphous Ti-MoS2 coating and likely underwent a thermodynamic phase transition as a result of the applied Hertz stress and frictional heating in the contact. The a-C:H in the tribofilm probably originated from a catalytic scission of the polyalphaolefin (PAO) molecules caused by the d-band character of the Mo or Ti in the coating. Overall, the Ti-MoS2-coated balls were effective at extending the operational lifetimes of M50 rods under ambient, vacuum, and oil-lubricated conditions by an order of magnitude.

scholarly journals Roughness Effect in Micropitting and Rolling Contact Fatigue of Silicon Nitride

Ceramics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Mosleh ◽  
Keron Bradshaw ◽  
Sonya Smith ◽  
John Belk ◽  
Khosro Shirvani
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Roughness Parameter ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Aisi 52100 ◽  
Aisi 52100 Steel

An experimental analysis of the role of surface roughness parameters on micropitting and the succeeding rolling contact fatigue (RCF) of silicon nitride against AISI 52100 steel under lubricated conditions was performed. In accelerated fatigue tests using a four-ball tester, the arithmetic mean, root mean square, and peak-to-valley roughnesses of silicon nitride surfaces varied, while the roughness of the steel surface was unchanged. The correlation between the fatigue life and roughness parameters for silicon nitride was obtained. The peak-to-valley roughness was the roughness parameter that dominantly affected the RCF life of silicon nitride. The micropitting of surfaces leading to fatigue intensified as the roughness was increased. Extensive micropitting was observed on the rolling track beyond the trailing edge of the spall region in the circumferential direction.

A Study of the Growth Mechanism of Lenticular Carbides in Cyclically Stressed 52100 Steel

1970 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Borgese
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Deformation Band ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Deformation Bands ◽  
Excess Carbon ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Aisi 52100 ◽  
Aisi 52100 Steel

The deformation bands which form in cyclically stressed AISI 52100 steel inner rings (during rolling contact) are studied by transmission electron microscopy. These deformation bands are regions where the temper carbides have dissolved and a well-developed cell structure has formed. Many of the deformation bands are bordered by lenticular-shaped carbides which form after prolonged cyclic stressing. The deformation bands were tempered in the electron microscope and most were found to be free of excess carbon since no precipitation of carbides occurred at normal tempering temperatures. In one specimen there was profuse precipitation of carbides at the cell walls indicating that an excess of free carbon had segregated around dislocations. It is concluded the regions free of excess carbon are due to the nucleation and growth of a lenticular carbide while no lenticular carbide formed at the deformation band which was supersaturated with carbon.

VASCO M-50

Alloy Digest ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Load ◽  
Aisi 52100 ◽  
Aisi 52100 Steel

Abstract VASCO M-50 is a hardenable (martensitic), low-alloy high-speed steel developed primarily for high-strength, high-load components (such as bearings and gears) designed for elevated-temperature service. It may be used at temperatures up to 600 F; this is in contrast to AISI 52100 steel which may be used up to only 350 F. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: TS-278. Producer or source: Teledyne Vasco.

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