Creep and Rupture Behavior of Weld-Deposited Type 16-8-2 Stainless Steel at 593°C

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
A. L. Ward ◽  
L. D. Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Thermal Exposure ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Rupture Behavior

The creep and rupture behavior of weld-deposited Type 16-8-2 stainless steel at 593°C was investigated over the time range from 3.6 × 104 s to 2.5 × 107 s. Equations relating stress (σ) to the time to rupture (tr), the time to the onset of tertiary creep (tt), and the time to produce a given creep strain (tεc) were obtained: lntr=81.3456−12.176lnσlntt=80.0786−12.176lnσlntεc=Aεc−13.0lnσAεc=87.3633+1.32066lnεc+0.446428[lnεc]2+1.08131[lnεc]3+6.96513×10−3[lnεc]4 The experimental results indicate that the control of welding parameters (e.g. current, voltage, and travel speed) within reasonable ranges can yield weld deposits with consistent time-dependent properties. Limited data suggest that high temperature (1065°C) post-weld annealing significantly alters only the flow curve for plastic deformation, while long-term thermal exposure at an intermediate temperature (565°C) produces only minor changes in either the plastic deformation or creep behavior of the weld materials.

KUBOTA ALLOY HD

Alloy Digest ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Steel Casting ◽  
Casting Alloy

Abstract Kubota Alloy HD (UNS J93005) is a heat-resisting stainless steel casting alloy suitable for long-term service at temperatures up to 1095 deg C (2000 deg F). The nearest wrought equivalent is type 327. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as casting and joining. Filing Code: SS-1110. Producer or source: Kubota Metal Corporation, Fahramet Division.

KUBOTA ALLOY HC

Alloy Digest ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Steel Casting

Abstract Kubota Alloy HC is a heat resisting stainless steel casting suitable for long term service at temperatures up to 1093 deg C (2000 deg F). This alloy can maintain resistance to sulfur bearing environments up to 1093 deg C (2000 deg F). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as casting and joining. Filing Code: SS-1065. Producer or source: Kubota Metal Corporation, Fahramet Division.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Ion Implantation on the Cavitation Erosion Resistance and Cobalt-Based Solid Solution Phase Transformations of HIPed Stellite 6

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2324
Author(s):  
Mirosław Szala ◽  
Dariusz Chocyk ◽  
Anna Skic ◽  
Mariusz Kamiński ◽  
Wojciech Macek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
Matrix Phase ◽  
Nitrogen Ion Implantation ◽  
Stellite 6 ◽  
Nitrogen Ion

From the wide range of engineering materials traditional Stellite 6 (cobalt alloy) exhibits excellent resistance to cavitation erosion (CE). Nonetheless, the influence of ion implantation of cobalt alloys on the CE behaviour has not been completely clarified by the literature. Thus, this work investigates the effect of nitrogen ion implantation (NII) of HIPed Stellite 6 on the improvement of resistance to CE. Finally, the cobalt-rich matrix phase transformations due to both NII and cavitation load were studied. The CE resistance of stellites ion-implanted by 120 keV N+ ions two fluences: 5 × 1016 cm−2 and 1 × 1017 cm−2 were comparatively analysed with the unimplanted stellite and AISI 304 stainless steel. CE tests were conducted according to ASTM G32 with stationary specimen method. Erosion rate curves and mean depth of erosion confirm that the nitrogen-implanted HIPed Stellite 6 two times exceeds the resistance to CE than unimplanted stellite, and has almost ten times higher CE reference than stainless steel. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms that NII of HIPed Stellite 6 favours transformation of the ε(hcp) to γ(fcc) structure. Unimplanted stellite ε-rich matrix is less prone to plastic deformation than γ and consequently, increase of γ phase effectively holds carbides in cobalt matrix and prevents Cr7C3 debonding. This phenomenon elongates three times the CE incubation stage, slows erosion rate and mitigates the material loss. Metastable γ structure formed by ion implantation consumes the cavitation load for work-hardening and γ → ε martensitic transformation. In further CE stages, phases transform as for unimplanted alloy namely, the cavitation-inducted recovery process, removal of strain, dislocations resulting in increase of γ phase. The CE mechanism was investigated using a surface profilometer, atomic force microscopy, SEM-EDS and XRD. HIPed Stellite 6 wear behaviour relies on the plastic deformation of cobalt matrix, starting at Cr7C3/matrix interfaces. Once the Cr7C3 particles lose from the matrix restrain, they debond from matrix and are removed from the material. Carbides detachment creates cavitation pits which initiate cracks propagation through cobalt matrix, that leads to loss of matrix phase and as a result the CE proceeds with a detachment of massive chunk of materials.

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