Profile Characterization of Manufactured Surfaces Using Random Function Excursion Technique—Part 1: Theory

1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Sankar ◽  
M. O. M. Osman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Rolling Circle ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Probability Densities ◽  
On Line ◽  
Excursion Probability

This paper discusses a new approach for describing accurately the typology of manufactured surfaces. The method employs the theory of stochastic excursions to characterize the surface texture in the amplitude and lengthwise directions. The mathematical principle behind the approach is briefly explained, and it is shown that an accurate description of the roughness can be obtained from the knowledge of the intercept probabilities of the crest and valley excursions of the surface texture about any given level, say the CLA value, specified with respect to the mean line. Based on the preceding excursion probability densities, new surface texture parameters are proposed. These parameters may be computed directly from the surface roughness data obtained from commercially available measuring devices. On the basis of this investigation, it is feasible to develop a low-cost measuring device for “on-line” surface evaluation in production. It is also shown that the sampling length provides a geometrically well-defined filter characteristic similar to that of the rolling circle radius in the E-system.

scholarly journals Characterization of the surface of formworks – Influence of the surface energy and surface texture parameters on the demolding forces

2021 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 121947
Author(s):  
Calypso Chadfeau ◽  
Safiullah Omary ◽  
Essia Belhaj ◽  
Christophe Fond ◽  
Françoise Feugeas
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Texture Parameters

scholarly journals Raspberry Pi-Based Low-Cost Connected Device for Assessing Road Surface Friction

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miha Ambrož ◽  
Uroš Hudomalj ◽  
Alexander Marinšek ◽  
Roman Kamnik
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Automatic Measurement ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
The Road ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
On The Road

Measuring friction between the tyres of a vehicle and the road, often and on as many locations on the road network as possible, can be a valuable tool for ensuring traffic safety. Rather than by using specialised equipment for sequential measurements, this can be achieved by using several low-cost measuring devices on vehicles that travel on the road network as part of their daily assignments. The presented work proves the hypothesis that a low cost measuring device can be built and can provide measurement results comparable to those obtained from expensive specialised measuring devices. As a proof of concept, two copies of a prototype device, based on the Raspberry Pi single-board computer, have been developed, built and tested. They use accelerometers to measure vehicle braking deceleration and include a global positioning receiver for obtaining the geolocation of each test. They run custom-developed data acquisition software on the Linux operating system and provide automatic measurement data transfer to a server. The operation is controlled by an intuitive user interface consisting of two illuminated physical pushbuttons. The results show that for braking tests and friction coefficient measurements the developed prototypes compare favourably to a widely used professional vehicle performance computer.

Assessment of Tool Wear Based on Surface Texture Parameters

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Liao ◽  
David A. Stephenson ◽  
Jun Ni
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Surface Measurement ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
Surface Waviness ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Machined Parts ◽  
On Line

This research presents a new way to determine the condition of a cutting tool based on high definition surface texture parameters. Recently, a laser holographic interferometer has been developed to rapidly measure the whole workpiece surface (e.g. 300mm×300mm) and generate a 3D surface height map with micron level accuracy. This technique enables on-line surface measurement for machined parts. By measuring the surface texture of workpieces, the interaction between the tool’s cutting edges and the surface can be extracted as a spatial signature. It can then be used as a warning sign for tool change because the workpiece produced by a heavily worn tool exhibits more irregularities than those produced by a normal tool. Three surface texture parameters: image intensity histogram, surface peak-to-valley height and surface waviness are employed to detect the onset of severe tool wear. Furthermore, surface waviness can also be used to classify the different phases of tool wear. In this work, nine surface samples under different tool wear phases are created and analyzed using surface texture parameters combined with Statistical Process Control (SPC) charts to assess tool conditions. The results verify that these surface texture parameters can be used for on-line tool wear monitoring.

Profile Characterization of Manufactured Surfaces Using Random Function Excursion Technique, Part 2: Application

1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. M. Osman ◽  
T. S. Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Machined Surface ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Surface Parameters ◽  
Actual Surface ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
On Line ◽  
Surface Profiles ◽  
High Pass

In Part 1 of this paper an analytical procedure based on the theory of random excursions was described to characterize the texture of a machined surface in terms of four new parameters. In this part a number of experimental results are presented to justify the validity of the proposed surface parameters. Surface measurements were carried out on ten differently machined surfaces using a specially equipped measuring device with a direct cable link to a hybrid computer. The theoretically computed surface parameters compare favorably with the measurements made on the actual surface profiles that were recorded experimentally. One of the advantages of the surface parameters presented in this paper is that they correspond directly to the mechanical properties of the machined component and hence can be used readily in specifications. Further, the results of this paper show that i) the sampling length is essentially a high-pass filter with geometrically defined characteristics, and ii) the crest and valley excursion parameters are adaptable for both “on-line” and “off-line” surface evaluation. The method presented is well-suited for application to computer-aided manufacturing without any special modifications. Based on this investigation, a proposal for a mechanical stylus system for “online” surface measurements is also made.

Characterization of Asphalt Pavement Surface Texture

2012 ◽  
Vol 2295 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Miller ◽  
Daniel Swiertz ◽  
Laith Tashman ◽  
Nader Tabatabaee ◽  
Hussain U. Bahia
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Friction Characteristics ◽  
Frictional Properties ◽  
Pavement Surface ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Laser Profiling

This paper presents improved analysis methods for characterizing asphalt pavement surface texture and focuses on the use of laser profiling techniques to estimate friction characteristics. Derived from signal processing theories, texture spectral analysis methods show promise for improving characterization of the tire–pavement interface. Texture parameters measured with spectral analysis techniques represent a means for quantifying surface properties. Current methods to analyze frictional properties rely on the mean profile depth (MPD) and mean texture depth (MTD) texture parameters. Although these parameters are used widely, they do not capture the range and distribution of surface asperities on the pavement surface. Knowing the distribution of surface asperities is critical for assessing friction characteristics. Thus, texture spectral analysis methods are anticipated to improve on the MPD and MTD parameters by capturing relevant texture-level distributions. This study investigates the applicability of laser profiling systems for measuring pavement surface texture and subsequent relationships to friction. Models accounting for aggregate and mixture properties are developed and related to texture parameters through analysis of constructed field sections and corresponding laboratory samples. Results indicate that stationary laser profiling systems can capture the microtexture and macrotexture spectrum and suggest that a comprehensive friction characterization of asphalt mixtures can be obtained in a laboratory setting. With this analysis system, it is believed that asphalt mixture designers will have an improved tool by which to estimate pavement surface texture and frictional properties.

A New Measuring Device and its Application on Surface Deformation Measurement of Concrete Shaft Lining

2014 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Feng Tian Yue ◽  
Meng Sun ◽  
Rong Jian Shi ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Lu Lu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bottom Part ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Freezing Method ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Protective Actions ◽  
Tunneling Method ◽  
Shaft Lining ◽  
Large Water

In light of the shortcomings present in the measuring devices of shaft lining surface deformation, a shaft lining surface deformation measuring device was proposed. With a protective cap to reduce the influence of external environment, the measuring device can reflect the deformation of shaft lining according to the tautness of a strain steel string. Featuring by its simple structure, operational convenience, and low cost as well, the device has been applied to the auxiliary shaft of Maiduoshan mine, Ningxia, China. The upper part of Maiduoshan auxiliary shaft had been constructed using mine tunneling method, before the bottom part of large water inflow section been constructed using freezing method. The deformation of the completed shaft lining was measured during the freezing method construction, to provide important references for technical personnel taking reasonable protective actions.

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of Ultrasonic Impact Peening-Based Device for Stainless Steel Surface Texture Fabrication

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Wangjie Hu ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Xiaohui Wang ◽  
Dongxu Zhao ◽  
Zhenjiang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Surface Texturing ◽  
Stainless Steel Surface ◽  
Surface Microstructures

The manufacturing of precise surface microstructures with low cost is needed for surface texturing-based surface engineering. In this paper, a device for the fabrication of surface microgroove texture on stainless steel based on ultrasonic impact peening (UIP) is proposed and investigated. First, the principle of applying the UIP into the fabrication of surface texture is analytically described. Then, the design of the UIP device, particularly the design of functional systems and mechanical structures, is carried out. Next, a UIP experimental device is built, and is further applied to fabricate microgroove textures on 316L stainless steel. The subsequent experimental characterization of microgroove morphology demonstrates the feasibility of the designed UIP device for the fabrication of stainless steel surface texture.

Computer-aided monitoring and operation of continuous measuring devices

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rieger ◽  
M. Thomann ◽  
A. Joss ◽  
W. Gujer ◽  
H. Siegrist
Keyword(s):  
Control Charts ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Supervisory System ◽  
Monitoring Frequency ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Monitoring Effort ◽  
Continuous Measuring ◽  
And Control

Extended studies of measuring and control systems in activated sludge plants at EAWAG revealed that the measuring devices remain the weakest point in control applications. To overcome this problem, a software package was developed which analyses and evaluates the residuals between a reference measurement and the sensor and collects the information in a database. The underlying monitoring concept is based on a two-step evaluation of the residuals by means of statistical evaluations using control charts with two different sets of criteria. The first step is a warning phase in which hints on probable errors trigger an increase in the monitoring frequency. In the second step, the alarm phase, the error hypothesis has to be validated and should allow immediate and targeted reactions from the operator. This procedure enables an optimized and flexible monitoring effort combined with an increased probability of early detection of systematic measuring errors. Beside the monitoring concept, information about the measuring device, the performed servicing actions and the responsibilities is stored. Statistical values for the quantitative characterization of the measuring system during operation will be given. They are needed to parameterise controllers or to guarantee the accuracy of the instrument in order to allow reliable calculations of effluent tax. In contrast to other concepts, not only is the measuring device examined under standard conditions, but so is the entire measuring chain from the liquid to be analysed to the value stored in the database of the supervisory system. The knowledge of the response time of the measuring system is then required in order to allow a comparison of the corresponding values.

Stochastic Characterization of Macro- and Microerrors of Journal Bearing Roundness

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Velsher ◽  
M. O. M. Osman ◽  
T. S. Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Journal Bearing ◽  
Form Error ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Stochastic Characterization ◽  
Round Surface ◽  
Hybrid Computer ◽  
The Mathematical Model

A new approach for the characterization of form error and surface roughness of round bearings is presented. The method employs the theory of random function excursions to describe the macro- and microerrors of the round surface in both radial and circumferential directions. The mathematical principle of the measuring technique is given, and it is shown that an accurate description of the roundness can be obtained from the knowledge of the intercept probabilities of the crest and valley excursions of the surface trace about a given reference circle. Based on the mathematical model, new indices for the characterization of journal bearing roundness are proposed. These indices are computed directly from data obtained from commercially available roundness measuring devices. A number of experiments were performed to justify the validity of the proposed roundness indices. Roundness measurements were carried out on a number of differently machined cylinders using a specially equipped measuring device (Talyrond 51) with a link to a hybrid computer EAI-690. The theoretically computed indices compared favorably with the measurements made on the actual round surfaces.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document