Interaction of Horizontal Shear Waves With a Running Crack

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Sih ◽  
J. F. Loeber
Keyword(s):  
Intensity Factor ◽  
Shear Waves ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Normal Incidence ◽  
Integral Equation Method ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
Horizontal Shear ◽  
Displacement Fields ◽  
Finite Crack ◽  
Incident Waves

An analysis of the scattering of horizontally polarized shear waves by a finite crack extending uniformly is carried out. It is based on the extension of the integral equation method used by the authors in wave diffraction problems dealing with stationary lines or surfaces of discontinuity. The distortion of the local stress pattern due to the motion of the crack is determined for incident waves impinging on the crack in an arbitrary direction. It is found that the intensity factor of the singular stresses depends sensitively upon the speed of crack propagation, the frequency of the incoming waves, and the angle of incidence. As the crack speed is increased at normal incidence, the peaks of the intensity-factor curves tend to decrease and to occur at lower wave numbers. Quantitative assessment of the effect of the aforementioned system parameters on the stress and displacement fields is made by displaying the numerical results graphically.

On resolving fine periodic microstructures in the optical microscope

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
W.S. Putnam ◽  
C. Viney
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Normal Incidence ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Periodic Microstructures ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Materials

Many sheared liquid crystalline materials (fibers, films and moldings) exhibit a fine banded microstructure when observed in the polarized light microscope. In some cases, for example Kevlar® fiber, the periodicity is close to the resolution limit of even the highest numerical aperture objectives. The periodic microstructure reflects a non-uniform alignment of the constituent molecules, and consequently is an indication that the mechanical properties will be less than optimal. Thus it is necessary to obtain quality micrographs for characterization, which in turn requires that fine detail should contribute significantly to image formation.It is textbook knowledge that the resolution achievable with a given microscope objective (numerical aperture NA) and a given wavelength of light (λ) increases as the angle of incidence of light at the specimen surface is increased. Stated in terms of the Abbe resolution criterion, resolution improves from λ/NA to λ/2NA with increasing departure from normal incidence.

The Importance of the Mode II Term on the Analysis of Angled Cracks in Unidirectional Carbon Fiber Composites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Biddlecom ◽  
Garrett J. Pataky
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Intensity Factor ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Shear Loading ◽  
Mode Ii ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Displacement Fields

Abstract Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) have been used in many high-performance applications where strength to weight ratio is an important characteristic. The goal of this research was to analyze the effects of Mode II, also known as shear loading, on the displacement fields surrounding a crack for unidirectional carbon fiber composites. Tensile and fatigue experiments were conducted on angled unidirectional CFRP coupled with digital image correlation (DIC) to analyze the full field displacement. Angled CFRP cracks experienced mixed mode loading which required addition insight due to the complex stresses on the fiber/matrix interface. The experimental displacement fields acquired from DIC were used as inputs for an anisotropic regression analysis to determine the mode I and mode II stress intensity factor ranges. The results from the regression analysis were used to predict the displacement fields around a crack. When comparing the experimental results with the predicted results, the inclusion of Mode II increased the agreement between predicted and experimental displacement fields around a crack tip for two different fiber orientation angles. Crack growth rate analysis and analytical stress intensity factor ranges were used to expand on the agreement of the results as well as bring to light CFRP specific fracture mechanisms that lead to disagreements.

scholarly journals Investigation by Digital Image Correlation of Mixed Mode I and II Fracture Behavior of Metallic IASCB Specimens with Additive Manufactured Crack-Like Notch

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Campione ◽  
Tommaso Maria Brugo ◽  
Giangiacomo Minak ◽  
Jelena Janković Tomić ◽  
Nebojša Bogojević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image Correlation ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Mode I ◽  
Displacement Fields

This work investigates the fracture behavior of maraging steel specimens manufactured by the selective laser sintering (SLS) technology, in which a crack-like notch (sharp notch) was directly produced during the additive manufacturing (AM) process. For the evaluation of the fracture toughness, the inclined asymmetrical semi-circular specimen subjected to three points loading (IASCB) was used, allowing to cover a wide variety of Mode I and II combinations. The effectiveness of manufacturing crack-like notches via the SLS technique in metals was evaluated by comparing the obtained experimental results with the ones obtained with pre-cracks induced by fatigue loading. The investigation was carried out by using the digital image correlation (DIC) technique, that allowed the evaluation of the full displacement fields around the crack tip. The displacement field was then used to compute the stress intensity factors (SIFs) for various combinations of Mode I and II, via a fitting technique which relies on the Williams’ model for the displacement. The SIFs obtained in this way were compared to the results obtained with the conventional critical load method. The results showed that the discrepancy between the two methods reduces by ranging from Mode I to Mode II loading condition. Finally, the experimental SIFs obtained by the two methods were described by the mixed mode local stress criterium.

Reflection of coupled dilatational and shear waves in the generalized micropolar thermoelastic materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 1948-1955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rengsi Lianngenga ◽  
Sanasam S Singh
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Free Surface ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Shear Waves ◽  
Energy Ratios ◽  
Micropolar Thermoelasticity ◽  
Incident Waves

The problem of wave propagation in the generalized theory of micropolar thermoelasticity under the Green–Lindsay model has been investigated. We have investigated the reflected dilatational and shear waves due to incident waves at a plane-free surface of generalized micropolar thermoelastic materials. The amplitude and energy ratios corresponding to the reflected coupled dilatational and coupled shear waves are derived using boundary conditions at the free surface. These ratios are also computed numerically for a particular model. Note that there are critical angles for the incident shear wave.

Influence of Surface Relaxation and Multi-Dislocation Strain Field Interactions on X-ray Topographic Images of Dislocations in Semiconductor Materials

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wu ◽  
Thomas Fannin ◽  
Michael Dudley ◽  
Vijay Shastry ◽  
Peter Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Local Stress ◽  
Surface Relaxation ◽  
Contour Analysis ◽  
Displacement Fields ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Relaxation Effects ◽  
Slip Bands ◽  
Sensitive Function ◽  
Local Slip ◽  
Surface Intersections

ABSTRACTAnalysis of the white beam synchrotron x-ray topographic contrast behavior of screw dislocations comprising slip bands in silicon, observed under low absorption conditions, is presented. For both individual and groups of dislocations, observed “Direct Image” contrast at the surface intersections of dislocation lines, on reflections for which g·b=0, could be accounted for using equi-misorientation contour analysis using displacement fields which take surface relaxation effects into account. This contrast is shown to be a sensitive function of the local stress environment. In addition, diffuse area contrast observed within and in the vicinity of slip bands on such reflections is also observed to be very sensitive to long range strain fields associated with adjacent slip bands and other defects in the local slip band environment.

Cut-off frequencies of circumferential horizontal shear waves in various functionally graded cylinder shells

Ultrasonics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 180-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqin Shen ◽  
Dawei Ren ◽  
Xiaoshan Cao ◽  
Ji Wang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Waves ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Horizontal Shear

Nonlinear-wave effects on fixed and floating bodies

1982 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 267-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael De St Q. Isaacson
Keyword(s):  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Integral Equation Method ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Floating Bodies ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Fluid Forces ◽  
Time Stepping ◽  
Transient Problem ◽  
Wave Effects ◽  
Incident Waves

A numerical method for calculating the interaction of steep (nonlinear) ocean waves with large fixed or floating structures of arbitrary shape is described. The interaction is treated as a transient problem with known initial conditions corresponding to still water in the vicinity of the structure and a prescribed incident waveform approaching it. The development of the flow, together with the associated fluid forces and structural motions, are obtained by a time-stepping procedure in which the flow at each time step is calculated by an integral-equation method based on Green's theorem. A few results are presented for two reference situations and these serve to illustrate the effects of nonlinearities in the incident waves.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document