Reliability Estimates Through Statistics of Random Response Excursions

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-500
Author(s):  
T. S. Sankar ◽  
G. D. Xistris
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Probability Measures ◽  
Random Response ◽  
Reliability Estimate ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Reliability Estimates

In the direct methods for evaluating reliability of industrial machinery, performance indicators are ascertained from statistical analyses of the randomly fluctuating response variable using pre-established threshold levels of acceptable performance. The accuracy of the results depends directly on the rigor of the probabilistic procedure employed. In this paper, a new approach for calculating the probability measures of the randomly enveloped areas of the response excursions about any given threshold level is presented. The area excursions contain important information on both the time durations of the excursions as well as their intensity levels above the critical value and thus give a direct reliability estimate of the system performance. The mathematical development of the method, derivation of reliability indices, sample calculations, and life estimates are included.

The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: A Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112199416
Author(s):  
Desirée Blázquez-Rincón ◽  
Juan I. Durán ◽  
Juan Botella
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Model ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Classical Test Theory ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Rasch Measurement ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Reliability Estimate ◽  
Reliability Generalization ◽  
Reliability Estimates ◽  
Total Variability

A reliability generalization meta-analysis was carried out to estimate the average reliability of the seven-item, 5-point Likert-type Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), one of the most widespread scales developed around the COVID-19 pandemic. Different reliability coefficients from classical test theory and the Rasch Measurement Model were meta-analyzed, heterogeneity among the most reported reliability estimates was examined by searching for moderators, and a predictive model to estimate the expected reliability was proposed. At least one reliability estimate was available for a total of 44 independent samples out of 42 studies, being that Cronbach’s alpha was most frequently reported. The coefficients exhibited pooled estimates ranging from .85 to .90. The moderator analyses led to a predictive model in which the standard deviation of scores explained 36.7% of the total variability among alpha coefficients. The FCV-19S has been shown to be consistently reliable regardless of the moderator variables examined.

A Test-Retest Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis of Judgments Via the Policy-Capturing Technique

2021 ◽  
pp. 109442812110115
Author(s):  
Ze Zhu ◽  
Alan J. Tomassetti ◽  
Reeshad S. Dalal ◽  
Shannon W. Schrader ◽  
Kevin Loo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Capturing ◽  
Reliability Estimate ◽  
Reliability Generalization ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Reliability Estimates ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Policy capturing is a widely used technique, but the temporal stability of policy-capturing judgments has long been a cause for concern. This article emphasizes the importance of reporting reliability, and in particular test-retest reliability, estimates in policy-capturing studies. We found that only 164 of 955 policy-capturing studies (i.e., 17.17%) reported a test-retest reliability estimate. We then conducted a reliability generalization meta-analysis on policy-capturing studies that did report test-retest reliability estimates—and we obtained an average reliability estimate of .78. We additionally examined 16 potential methodological and substantive antecedents to test-retest reliability (equivalent to moderators in validity generalization studies). We found that test-retest reliability was robust to variation in 14 of the 16 factors examined but that reliability was higher in paper-and-pencil studies than in web-based studies and was higher for behavioral intention judgments than for other (e.g., attitudinal and perceptual) judgments. We provide an agenda for future research. Finally, we provide several best-practice recommendations for researchers (and journal reviewers) with regard to (a) reporting test-retest reliability, (b) designing policy-capturing studies for appropriate reportage, and (c) properly interpreting test-retest reliability in policy-capturing studies.

scholarly journals Difference in Bias Approach for Commutability Assessment: Application to Frozen Pools of Human Serum Measured by 8 Direct Methods for HDL and LDL Cholesterol

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1107-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J Korzun ◽  
Göran Nilsson ◽  
Lorin M Bachmann ◽  
Gary L Myers ◽  
Ikunosuke Sakurabayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Error ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Reference Measurement ◽  
Reference Procedure ◽  
Error Components ◽  
The Difference

Abstract BACKGROUND We used a difference in bias approach to evaluate the commutability of 4 frozen serum pools for 8 direct methods for measurement of HDL and LDL cholesterol (HDLC and LDLC). METHODS Freshly collected nonfrozen sera from 138 diseased and 37 nondiseased patients and 4 frozen pools from the CDC Lipid Standardization Program were measured by direct methods and by the beta-quantification reference measurement procedure of the CDC. We used an error components model to estimate the difference in the bias component of error plus its uncertainty for frozen pools vs patient samples between the direct method and the reference procedure. Frozen pools with bias differences less than a critical value determined by either medical requirements for bias or the random error components of the measurement procedures were considered commutable. RESULTS On the basis of medical requirement criteria, 1 of the 4 frozen pools was commutable for most of the HDLC methods for both diseased and nondiseased patients, and none was commutable for LDLC methods. On the basis of random error criteria, all of the frozen pools were generally commutable for all of the HDLC methods for both diseased and nondiseased patients, and 1 of the 4 frozen pools was generally commutable for most of the LDLC methods for both diseased and nondiseased patients. CONCLUSIONS Commutability was assessed as the closeness of agreement of the difference in bias between a reference material and a set of patient samples. Criteria for commutability could be based on fixed medical requirements for bias or on random error components.

Reliability Optimization Allocation Method for Multifunction Systems With Multistate Units Based on Goal-Oriented Methodology

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-jian Yi ◽  
B. S. Dhillon ◽  
Jian Shi ◽  
Hai-na Mu ◽  
Peng Hou
Keyword(s):  
Reliability Optimization ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Allocation Method ◽  
Power Shift ◽  
Go Model ◽  
Go Methodology ◽  
Optimization Allocation

This paper proposes a new reliability optimization allocation for multifunction systems with multistate units based on goal-oriented (GO) methodology. First, this optimization allocation method is expounded in terms of establishing GO model, establishing reliability optimization allocation model, and solving algorithm. Then its process is formulated. Finally, the new method is applied in reliability optimization allocation of power-shift steering transmission (PSST), whose goal is to minimize the system cost. The results analysis shows that the system costs for different operation times turn to a relatively stable value, and the allocated reliability indices of unit are satisfied with engineering requirements. All in all, this new optimization allocation method can not only obtain the reasonable allocation results quickly and effectively, but it also can overcome the disadvantages of existing reliability optimization allocation methods for complex multifunction systems efficiently. In addition, the analysis process shows that the reliability optimization allocation method based on GO method can provide a new approach for the reliability optimization allocation of multifunction systems with multistate units.

scholarly journals Weighted Regret-Based Likelihood: A New Approach to Describing Uncertainty

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 471-492
Author(s):  
Joseph Y. Halpern
Keyword(s):  
Axiomatic Characterization ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Probability Measures ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Upper Probability ◽  
Weighted Probability ◽  
Natural Way

Recently, Halpern and Leung suggested representing uncertainty by a set of weighted probability measures, and suggested a way of making decisions based on this representation of uncertainty: maximizing weighted regret. Their paper does not answer an apparently simpler question: what it means, according to this representation of uncertainty, for an event E to be more likely than an event E'. In this paper, a notion of comparative likelihood when uncertainty is represented by a set of weighted probability measures is defined. It generalizes the ordering defined by probability (and by lower probability) in a natural way; a generalization of upper probability can also be defined. A complete axiomatic characterization of this notion of regret-based likelihood is given.

scholarly journals PROSPECTS FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF BIM-TECHNOLOGIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Valeriya Yu. Gulik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Design Construction

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has revolutionized the construction industry. Currently, it is impossible to imagine the industry without this fundamentally new approach to building design and working with documentation. The integration of design, construction, approval and monitoring processes through BIM is an effective way to improve the economic, environmental and other key performance indicators of construction companies, and thus increase their competitive advantages. However, it is too early to talk about the widespread transition of industry organizations to BIM. This article describes the advantages of information modeling technologies and the complexity of their implementation in the workflow.

scholarly journals Improving the Methodology for Assessing the Effectiveness of Economic Entities in Modern Conditions

2022 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-567
Author(s):  
Elena Orehova ◽  
Irina Korovnikova ◽  
Galina Korovnikova
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Efficiency Assessment ◽  
Business Efficiency ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Classical Economic

Modern conditions impose special requirements to the assessment of economic entities. Efficiency is an important parameter of the activity of any business. The present research involved a critical analysis of standard methods for assessing the effectiveness of both domestic and foreign practices. The analysis revealed a need to apply new approaches to business efficiency assessment because the standard approach is not systematic and its indicators repeat themselves. The article offers a new conceptual methodological approach to understanding the term efficiency. The new methodological concept is hybrid in nature and includes classical economic, financial, and institutional methods. It also adopts some methods and approaches from management and natural sciences. The authors built a comprehensive model for assessing the effectiveness of an economic entity in modern conditions. It is based on the idea that the optimal methods are those that do not use relative indicators. This model includes three levels of indicators: standard, qualitative, and synergistic. The new approach is systemic and corresponds to modern economic environment, which resolves the issue of relative performance indicators.

scholarly journals Reliability Estimation of Inverse Lomax Distribution Using Extreme Ranked Set Sampling

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Amer Ibrahim Al-Omari ◽  
Amal S. Hassan ◽  
Naif Alotaibi ◽  
Mansour Shrahili ◽  
Heba F. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Ranked Set Sampling ◽  
Reliability Estimation ◽  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Reliability Estimate ◽  
Lomax Distribution ◽  
Set Size ◽  
Reliability Estimates ◽  
Inverse Lomax Distribution ◽  
Extreme Ranked Set Sampling

In survival analysis, the two-parameter inverse Lomax distribution is an important lifetime distribution. In this study, the estimation of R = P   Y < X is investigated when the stress and strength random variables are independent inverse Lomax distribution. Using the maximum likelihood approach, we obtain the R estimator via simple random sample (SRS), ranked set sampling (RSS), and extreme ranked set sampling (ERSS) methods. Four different estimators are developed under the ERSS framework. Two estimators are obtained when both strength and stress populations have the same set size. The two other estimators are obtained when both strength and stress distributions have dissimilar set sizes. Through a simulation experiment, the suggested estimates are compared to the corresponding under SRS. Also, the reliability estimates via ERSS method are compared to those under RSS scheme. It is found that the reliability estimate based on RSS and ERSS schemes is more efficient than the equivalent using SRS based on the same number of measured units. The reliability estimates based on RSS scheme are more appropriate than the others in most situations. For small even set size, the reliability estimate via ERSS scheme is more efficient than those under RSS and SRS. However, in a few cases, reliability estimates via ERSS method are more accurate than using RSS and SRS schemes.

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