Kinematic Synthesis of Spherical Two-Gear Drives With Prescribed Entire-Motion Characteristics: Displacement Analysis and Dwell Characteristics

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Lee ◽  
E. Akbil
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Synthesis ◽  
Displacement Analysis ◽  
Gear Drive ◽  
Transmission Angle ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Displacement Equation ◽  
Synthesis Procedure ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Joint Consideration ◽  
Gear Drives

This paper presents an analytical and computer-aided procedure on the kinematic synthesis of the spherical two-gear drive with prescribed dwell characteristics. The first part gives a displacement analysis which includes an investigation of the general case of spherical five-link, 5R mechanisms and the spherical geared five-link case. Two approaches, one making use of the spherical trigonometric relations and the other involving sequential coordinate transformations by real and orthogonal [3 × 3] matrices, yield identical input-output expressions. The remainder of the paper focuses on the dwell characteristics of the spherical two-gear drive using algebraic methods based on the displacement equation. Dwell criteria for the general mth-order dwell are derived. A specific example which involves a joint consideration of other entire-motion characteristics, such as limit positions and transmission-angle variations, is given to illustrate both the theory as well as the computer-aided synthesis procedure.

Kinematic Synthesis of Planar Two-Gear Drives With Prescribed Dwell Characteristics

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-697
Author(s):  
T. W. Lee ◽  
Y. Shereshevsky
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Fluctuation ◽  
Kinematic Synthesis ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Design Chart ◽  
Gear Drive ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Gear Drives ◽  
Four Bar Linkage ◽  
Analysis Of Motion

This paper presents an analytical and computer-aided procedure on the kinematic synthesis of the planar two-gear drive. The drive is designed as a reversing mechanism and as a nonreversing mechanism either with or without dwell. Dwell characteristics of the mechanism are investigated using algebraic methods. It is found that the problem relates closely to the velocity-fluctuation of the four-bar linkage. Both general and specific dwell criteria are derived. An efficient computer-aided procedure can be used for the analysis of motion characteristics and for the development of a design chart. Numerical examples illustrate both analytical as well as graphical synthesis procedures.

Kinematic Synthesis of Spherical Two-Gear Drives With Prescribed Entire-Motion Characteristics: Unlimited Crank Rotations and Optimum Transmission. Part 1: Theory

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Lee ◽  
E. Akbil
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
Transmission Characteristics ◽  
Kinematic Synthesis ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Transmission Part ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Gear Drives ◽  
Algebraic Solutions

This investigation is concerned with the determination of the rotatability of the input and output cranks and the optimization of transmission characteristics of spherical two-gear drives. Algebraic solutions are shown to be feasible only in a few special cases. In general, numerical synthesis procedures, involving either optimization or parameter scanning processes, are essential and they are developed from the general theory presented in this paper. The results, including conditions that can be regarded as an extension of the Grashof’s rule to the class of spherical geared mechanisms, are useful for the rational design of mechanisms. Applications of the theory to practical mechanisms design are given in Part 2.

Kinematic Synthesis of Spherical Two-Gear Drives With Prescribed Entire-Motion Characteristics: Unlimited Crank Rotations and Optimum Transmission. Part 2: Applications

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Lee ◽  
E. Akbil
Keyword(s):  
Design Procedure ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Kinematic Synthesis ◽  
Computer Aided Analysis ◽  
Transmission Part ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Gear Drives ◽  
Insight Into

The theory developed in Part 1 [1] as well as in a companion paper [2] has been applied to the kinematic synthesis of a special class of spherical two-gear drives, including the Rotary Step Mechanism, with prescribed entire-motion characteristics. Insight into the behavior of such mechanisms can be interpreted through the results of an analytical investigation of mechanism characteristics. A useful design procedure, a design table, and a set of design guidelines are presented. Examples are given to illustrate both the analytical synthesis and the computer-aided analysis procedures.

Comparison Experiment for Two Kinds of Hypoid Gear Drives

2010 ◽  
Vol 20-23 ◽  
pp. 1385-1390
Author(s):  
Hong Bin Yang ◽  
Xiao Hong Wang ◽  
Zong De Fang
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Test Object ◽  
Hypoid Gear ◽  
Gear Drive ◽  
Comparison Experiment ◽  
Gear Drives

To develop a good quality of hypoid gear drive, the authors test the vibration and noise of two kinds of hypoid gear drives under different working conditions. The test object is a pair of hypoid gear drive used in the back axle of one minivan and a designed hypoid gear drive with high teeth based on the former. The results indicate that the hypoid gear drive with high teeth has lower vibration and noise.

Design and Actuation of a Skeleton for a Robotic Fish

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Joy K. Abulon ◽  
Jiaji Li ◽  
J. Michael McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Robotic Fish ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Kinematic Synthesis ◽  
Locomotion System ◽  
Synthesis Procedure

Abstract In this paper, we present the design of a pneumatically actuated skeleton for a robotic fish. The tail is designed as a one degree of freedom coiling truss that is actuated by air pressure supplied to pouch actuators along the truss. We present that kinematic synthesis procedure, the fabrication and testing of the fish tail system. Our goal is an efficient and effective fish-like locomotion system.

Computerized Design, Generation and Simulation of Meshing and Contact of Modified Flender Worm-Gear Drives

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. H. Seol ◽  
Faydor L. Litvin
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Worm Gear ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Transmission Errors ◽  
Gear Drive ◽  
Bearing Contact ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Design Generation ◽  
Computerized Simulation ◽  
Gear Drives

Abstract The worm and worm-gear tooth surfaces of existing design of Flender gear drive are in line contact at every instant and the gear drive is very sensitive to misalignment. Errors of alignment cause the shift of the bearing contact and transmission errors. The authors propose : (1) Methods for computerized simulation of meshing and contact of misaligned worm-gear drives of existing design (2) Methods of modification of geometry of worm-gear drives that enable to localize and stabilize the bearing contact and reduce the sensitivity of drives to misalignment (3) Methods for computerized simulation of meshing and contact of worm-gear drives with modified geometry The proposed approach was applied as well for the involute (David Brown) and Klingelnberg type of worm-gear drives. Numerical examples that illustrate the developed theory are provided.

Contact Characteristics of Recess Action Worm Gear Drives With Double-Depth Teeth

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Liang Chen ◽  
Chung-Biau Tsay
Keyword(s):  
Worm Gear ◽  
Surface Topology ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Kinematic Error ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Tooth Contact Analysis ◽  
Gear Drive ◽  
Contact Patterns ◽  
Bearing Contact ◽  
Gear Drives

Based on the previously developed mathematical model of a series of recess action (RA) worm gear drive (i.e., semi RA, full RA, and standard proportional tooth types) with double-depth teeth, the tooth contact analysis (TCA) technique is utilized to investigate the kinematic error (KE), contact ratio (CR), average contact ratio (ACR), instantaneous contact teeth (ICT) under different assembly conditions. Besides, the bearing contact and contact ellipse are studied by applying the surface topology method. Three numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the influence of the assembly errors and design parameters of the RA worm gear drive on the KE, CR, ACR, ICT, and contact patterns.

On the Synthesis of Straight Line, Constant Velocity Scanning Mechanisms

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Hodges ◽  
A. P. Pisano
Keyword(s):  
Constant Velocity ◽  
Transverse Velocity ◽  
Grid Search ◽  
Planar Mechanisms ◽  
Kinematic Synthesis ◽  
Velocity Error ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Transmission Angle ◽  
Point Motion ◽  
Input Motion

This paper presents a kinematic synthesis of constant-velocity, straight-line coupler-point motion of two planar mechanisms. After the derivation of synthesis equations, the numerical results of a grid search to determine the linkage dimensions for maximum constant velocity, with minimal straight line error, are presented. Plots of acceleration magnitude, transmission angles, and transverse velocity are presented as a function of the percentage of the constant velocity portion of a cycle of input motion. For a 5R2P Stephenson 6-bar linkage, normalized velocity errors as small as 2 percent can be maintained over 40 percent, or more, of the input cycle. A 7R Watt 6-bar linkage, while not achieving quite as high values as the 5R2P linkage, nevertheless can maintain normalized velocity errors as low as 2.5 percent over as much as 39 percent of the input cycle. These levels of performance must be weighed against unfavorable transmission angles, and in many cases, other undesirable effects, such as large accelerations and large transverse travel. The results show that, in order to maintain minimally acceptable transmission angle requirements, the velocity error and scan fraction requirements may be as little as 2.0 percent and as much as 35 percent, respectively.

Design Charts for the Three-Gear Drive

1973 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 280-282
Author(s):  
G. H. Michaud ◽  
A. S. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Input Output ◽  
Motion Mechanism ◽  
Gear Drive ◽  
Design Charts ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Intermittent Motion

As an intermittent motion mechanism the three-gear drive offers several easily obtained motion characteristics. The design regions in which these characteristics are found are defined by particular input/output velocity and acceleration equations which are presented graphically by a series of design charts.

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