Tensile Strength of Multi-Year Pressure Ridge Sea Ice Samples

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. N. Cox ◽  
J. A. Richter-Menge
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Failure Strain ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Constant Strain Rate ◽  
Hydraulic Testing ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Tension Tests ◽  
Pressure Ridge ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Testing Techniques

Thirty-six constant strain-rate uniaxial tension tests were performed on vertically oriented multi-year pressure ridge samples from the Beaufort Sea. The tests were performed on a closed-loop electro-hydraulic testing machine at two strain rates (10−5 and 10−3 s−1) and two temperatures (−20° and −5°C). This paper summarizes the sample preparation and testing techniques used in the investigation and presents data on the tensile strength, initial tangent modulus, and failure strain of the ice.

Confined Compressive Strength of Multi-Year Pressure Ridge Sea Ice Samples

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. N. Cox ◽  
J. A. Richter-Menge
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Axial Stress ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Constant Strain Rate ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Pressure Ridge ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Testing Techniques

Fifty-five constant-strain-rate triaxial tests were performed on verticaly oriented multi-year pressure ridge samples from the Beaufort Sea. The tests were performed on a closed-loop electrohydraulic testing machine at two nominal strain rates (10−5 and 10−3 s−1) and two temperatures (−20° and −5°C). In all of the tests the confining pressure was ramped in constant proportion to the applied axial stress (σ1 > σ2 = σ3, σ3/σ1 = constant). Two σ3/σ1 ratios were investigated: 0.25 and 0.50. This paper summarizes the sample preparation and testing techniques used in this investigation and presents data on the confined compressive strength and failure strain of the ice. Uniaxial data are also included for comparison.

Confined Compressive Strength of Horizontal First-Year Sea Ice Samples

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Richter-Menge
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Axial Stress ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Constant Strain Rate ◽  
First Year ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Triaxial Cell ◽  
Testing Techniques ◽  
Prudhoe Bay

A total of 110 first-year sea ice samples from Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, were tested in unconfined and confined constant strain rate compression. All of the tests were performed in the laboratory on a closed-loop electrohydraulic testing machine at −10°C. The confined tests were performed in a conventional triaxial cell (σ1>σ2=σ3) that maintained a constant ratio between the radial and axial stress (σ2/(σ1)=constant) to simulate true loading conditions. Three strain rates (10−2, 10−3, and 10−5/s) and three σ2/σ1 ratios (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75) were investigated. This paper summarizes the field sampling and testing techniques and presents data on the effect of confinement on the compressive strength, initial tangent modulus, and failure strain of the ice.

A Summary of the Strength and Modulus of Ice Samples From Multi-Year Pressure Ridges

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. N. Cox ◽  
J. A. Richter ◽  
W. F. Weeks ◽  
M. Mellor
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Tangent Modulus ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Testing Techniques

Over two hundred unconfined compression tests were performed on vertical ice samples obtained from 10 multi-yr pressure ridges in the Beaufort Sea. The tests were performed on a closed-loop electrohydraulic testing machine at two strain rates (10−5 and 10−3 s−1) and two temperatures (−20° and −5°C). This paper summarizes the sample preparation and testing techniques used in the investigation and presents data on the compressive strength and initial tangent modulus of the ice.

Using Embossing to Create a Fiber Reinforced Honeycomb Composite

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Hydraulic Testing ◽  
Charpy Impact Toughness ◽  
Bend Tests

This research project used hot embossing to create a strong and tough polymeric based composite structure. A honeycomb type structure was created by pressing small grooves into thin polycarbonate sheets. A trapezoidal die was used to create hexagonal shaped channels in the polymeric sheet. A number of these sheets were then bonded together to form a composite material. Carbon fibers were embedded into the channels in some of the laminates. The embossing process was carried out at an elevated temperature in an environmental chamber attached to an MTS servo hydraulic testing machine. The grooved structure had a 31% to 45% decrease in the apparent density compared to the ungrooved specimens. Bend tests, tensile tests, and Charpy impact tests were performed on laminates made from this material. The specific values of tensile strength, flexural modulus, and Charpy impact toughness were increased. A small percentage of fibers significantly increased both the stiffness and strength of the laminate.

scholarly journals Review of Intermediate Strain Rate Testing Devices

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 894
Author(s):  
Trunal Bhujangrao ◽  
Catherine Froustey ◽  
Edurne Iriondo ◽  
Fernando Veiga ◽  
Philippe Darnis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Hydraulic Testing ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
General Description ◽  
Intermediate Strain Rate ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Rate Testing

Materials undergo various loading conditions during different manufacturing processes, including varying strain rates and temperatures. Research has shown that the deformation of metals and alloys during manufacturing processes such as metal forming, machining, and friction stir welding (FSW), can reach a strain rate ranging from 10−1 to 106 s−1. Hence, studying the flow behavior of materials at different strain rates is important to understanding the material response during manufacturing processes. Experimental data for a low strain rate of <101 s−1 and a high strain rate of >103 s−1 are readily available by using traditional testing devices such as a servo-hydraulic testing machine and the split Hopkinson pressure bar method, respectively. However, for the intermediate strain rate (101 to 103 s−1), very few testing devices are available. Testing the intermediate strain rate requires a demanding test regime, in which researchers have expanded the use of special instruments. This review paper describes the development and evolution of the existing intermediate strain rate testing devices. They are divided based on the loading mechanism; it includes the high-speed servo-hydraulic testing machines, hybrid testing apparatus, the drop tower, and the flywheel machine. A general description of the testing device is systematically reviewed; which includes the working principles, some critical theories, technological innovation in load measurement techniques, components of the device, basic technical assumption, and measuring techniques. In addition, some research direction on future implementation and development of an intermediate strain rate apparatus is also discussed in detail.

Temperature and Strain Rate Effects on Tensile Strength and Inelastic Constitutive Relationship of Sn-Pb Solders

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruo Nose ◽  
Masao Sakane ◽  
Yutaka Tsukada ◽  
Hideo Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Stress Amplitude ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Constitutive Relationship ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Strain Rate Effects ◽  
Tension Tests ◽  
Rate Effects ◽  
Relationship Of

This paper describes the tensile strength and inelastic constitutive relationship of six types of Sn-Pb solders. Static tension tests were carried using 5Sn-95Pb, 10Sn-90Pb, 40Sn-60Pb, 60Sn-40Pb, 63Sn-37Pb, and 62Sn-36Pb-2Ag solders at the strain rates of 0.001–10.0%/s between temperatures of 313 K and 398 K. Strain rates faster than 2.0%/s were needed to obtain the time-independent Young modulus and yield stress of the solders. Tensile strength increased with increasing strain rates up to 10%/s. Parametric equations for predicting tensile strength, Young’s modulus and yield stress of Sn-Pb solders were developed as a function of temperature and Sn content. Plastic and creep constitutive equations were also proposed as a function of temperature and Sn content. The stress amplitude predicted by these equations agreed with the experimental results within ±2 MPa.

Impact Experimental Study for Dynamic Character of Reactive Powder Concrete

2011 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Wan Peng Wang ◽  
Yong Le Hu ◽  
Xin Tao Ren ◽  
Yi Bo Xiong ◽  
Kang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Failure Strain ◽  
Test System ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Reactive Powder Concrete ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Dynamic Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Compression ◽  
Reactive Powder

In order to systematically study dynamic mechanics character of reactive powder concrete (RPC), impact compression experiments and impact flattened Brazilian disc specimens of RPC have been investigated with modified split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experimental facility using brass pulse shaper, curves about stress versus strain and other parameters at strain rates of 20.3/s~137.0/s were obtained from impact compression. The dynamic tensile strength and tensile failure strain at strain rates of 3.4/s~26.2/s were obtained from impact flattened Brazilian. For comparison, the quasi-static compress and split tension of RPC were obtained with an MTS 810 materials test system and CSS-88500 electron universal material testing machine.The experimental result show that dynamic compression strength , elastic modulus and failure strain,dynamic tensile strength and failure strain significantly increase comparing to quasi-static experiment, RPC have the character of impact harding and ductility enhancement. RPC exhibit excellent failure patterns at high strain rate. Whether impact compression or impact splitting under strain rate including this paper ’s experiments, the relationship between the DIFC or DIFT and the logarithm of strain rateis linear.

A Preliminary Examination of the Effect of Structure on the Compressive Strength of Ice Samples From Multi-Year Pressure Ridges

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Richter ◽  
G. F. N. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Constant Strain Rate ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Preliminary Examination ◽  
Pressure Ridge ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
C 23 ◽  
Strain Rate Compression ◽  
Effect Of Structure

A series of 222 uniaxial constant-strain-rate compression tests was performed on vertical multi-year pressure ridge sea ice samples. A preliminary analysis of the effect of structure on the compressive strength of the ice was performed on 78 of these tests. Test parameters included a temperature of −5°C (23°F) and strain rates of 10−5 and 10−3 s−1. Columnar ice loaded parallel to the elongated crystal axes and perpendicular to the crystal c-axis was consistently the strongest type of ice. The strength of the columnar samples decreased significantly as the orientation of the elongated crystals approached the plane of maximum shear. Samples containing granular ice or a mixture of granular and columnar ice resulted in intermediate and low strength values. No clear relationship could be established between structure and strength for these ice types. However, in general, their strength decreased with an increase in porosity.

scholarly journals Influence of Strain Rate on Tensile Strength of Woven Geotextile in the Selected Range of Temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Stępień ◽  
Alojzy Szymański
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Tensile Force ◽  
Constant Strain Rate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Standard Laboratory

Abstract Investigation of geosynthetics behaviour has been carried out for many years. Before using geosynthetics in practice, the standard laboratory tests had been carried out to determine basic mechanical parameters. In order to examine the tensile strength of the sample which extends at a constant strain rate, one should measure the value of the tensile force and strain. Note that geosynthetics work under different conditions of stretching and temperatures, which significantly reduce the strength of these materials. The paper presents results of the tensile test of geotextile at different strain rates and temperatures from 20 °C to 100 °C. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of temperature and strain rate on tensile strength and strain of the woven geotextile. The article presents the method of investigation and the results. The data obtained allowed us to assess the parameters of material which should be considered in the design of the load-bearing structures that work at temperatures up to 100 °C.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document