Application of Dual-Energy Gamma-Ray Technique for Nondestructive Soil Moisture and Density Measurement During Freezing

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Ayorinde
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Nondestructive Monitoring ◽  
Energy Gamma

Frost heave is a phenomenon unique to freezing soils. To study frost heave, a dual-energy gamma-ray technique has been adapted to determine nondestructively the soil bulk density variation and moisture migration that occur as the soil freezes and heaves. The technique uses two radioactive sources for simultaneous measurement of density and moisture content. Test results show good agreement between measured and calculated data for density and moisture content. The test data indicate that the dual-energy gamma-ray technique can accurately and reliably provide continuous nondestructive monitoring of both density and moisture content variations along a freezing soil column. Freeze front location can also be determined.

scholarly journals WATER CONTENT AND BULK DENSITY CHANGES IN A SOIL PEDON MEASURED WITH DUAL ENERGY GAMMA-RAY TRANSMISSION

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. REGINATO
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Transmission Technique ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Water Contents

Water contents and bulk densities were measured in a soil pedon with a gamma-ray transmission technique utilizing 137Cs and 241Am. By alternating the sources for each scan down the soil profile, both bulk density and water content were determined in 1-cm increments in the top 10 cm of the pedon. Bulk density decreased to a depth of 6 cm about 30 min after 4 cm of water was ponded on the soil surface. As soon as the water drained from the surface, bulk density values increased and approached pre-irrigation levels. Water content increased rapidly corresponding to the decrease in bulk density. Assuming that the bulk density remains constant during ponding, calculated water contents may be in error by as much as 0.25 gcm−3.

scholarly journals Examination for Practical Use in Dual Energy Gamma-ray Transmission Techniques. Application to Grading of Gold Alloys.

RADIOISOTOPES ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 315-320
Author(s):  
Iwao UMEDA ◽  
Toshio MUTO ◽  
Raita KITSUTAKA ◽  
Takuo NONOMURA
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Gold Alloys ◽  
Energy Gamma
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