Preliminary Study on Reheat Combustors for Advanced Gas Turbines

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Mori ◽  
Junichi Kitajima ◽  
Takeshi Kimura ◽  
Sansei Miki
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Research Association ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant

Feasibility studies carried out by the Engineering Research Association for Advanced Gas Turbines under the sponsorship of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology of Japan have indicated that the thermal efficiency of the combined cycle plant incorporating a high temperature reheat gas turbine and a steam turbine can exceed 50 percent. One of the engine components being investigated is the high temperature reheat combustor which will operate under high temperature (973 K) and heavily vitiated (12.4 percent O2) inlet-air conditions. This paper describes the design considerations on the reheat combustor and the results of the near-atomospheric pressure tests (0.1 ∼ 0.3 MPa) under vitiated conditions, using a conventional can-type combustor and a full scale model of the reheat combustor. Effects of air vitiation on inflammability limits, combustion efficiency, NOx and wall temperatures of gas turbine combustors are discussed.

Outline of Plan for Advanced Reheat Gas Turbine

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 772-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akifumi Hori ◽  
Kazuo Takeya
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Research Association ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Set Up

A new reheat gas turbine system is being developed as a national project by the “Engineering Research Association for Advanced Gas Turbines” of Japan. The machine consists of two axial flow compressors, three turbines, intercooler, combustor and reheater. The pilot plant is expected to go into operation in 1982, and a prototype plant will be set up in 1984. The major objective of this reheat gas turbine is application to a combined cycle power plant, with LNG burning, and the final target of combined cycle thermal efficiency is to be 55 percent (LHV).

Performance Analysis of a Combined Cycle Power Plant Through Exergetic and Environmental Indices

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Vicente Torres González ◽  
Raúl Lugo Leyte ◽  
Martín Salazar Pereyra ◽  
Helen Denise Lugo Méndez ◽  
Miguel Toledo Velázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Environmental Indices ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
Exergetic Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

In this paper is carried out a comparison between a gas turbine power plant and a combined cycle power plant through exergetic and environmental indices in order to determine performance and sustainability aspects of a gas turbine and combined cycle plant. First of all, an exergetic analysis of the gas turbine and the combined is carried out then the exergetic and environmental indices are calculated for the gas turbine (case A) and the combined cycle (case B). The exergetic indices are exergetic efficiency, waste exergy ratio, exergy destruction factor, recoverable exergy ratio, environmental effect factor and exergetic sustainability. Besides, the environmental indices are global warming, smog formation and acid rain indices. In the case A, the two gas turbines generate 278.4 MW; whereas 415.19 MW of electricity power is generated by the combined cycle (case B). The results show that exergetic sustainability index for cases A and B are 0.02888 and 0.1058 respectively. The steam turbine cycle improves the overall efficiency, as well as, the reviewed exergetic indexes. Besides, the environmental indices of the gas turbines (case A) are lower than the combined cycle environmental indices (case B), since the combustion gases are only generated in the combustion chamber.

scholarly journals High-Temperature Turbine Technology Readiness

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Horner ◽  
A. Caruvana
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Technology Readiness ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
Gas Fuel

Final component and technology verification tests have been completed for application to a 2600°F rotor inlet temperature gas turbine. These tests have proven the capability of combustor, turbine hot section, and IGCC fuel systems and controls to operate in a combined cycle plant burning a coal-derived gas fuel at elevated gas turbine inlet temperatures (2600–3000°F). This paper presents recent test results and summarizes the overall progress made during the DOE-HTTT Phase II program.

scholarly journals Performance of the Integrated Gas and Steam Cycle (IGSC) for Reheat Gas Turbines

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Takeya ◽  
Hajime Yasui
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ceramic Coating ◽  
Research Association ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Blade Cooling ◽  
Advanced Technologies

In 1978, the Japanese government started a national project for energy conservation called the Moonlight Project. The Engineering Research Association for Advanced Gas Turbines was selected to research and develop an advanced gas turbine for this project. The development stages were planned as follows: First, the development of a reheat gas turbine for a pilot plant (AGTJ-100A), and second, a prototype plant (AGTJ-100B). The AGTJ-100A has been undergoing performance tests since 1984 at the Sodegaura Power Station of the Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc. (TEPCO). The inlet gas temperature of the high pressure turbine (HPT) of the AGTJ-100A is 1573K, while that of the AGTJ-100B is 100K higher. Therefore, various advanced technologies have to be applied to the AGTJ-100B HPT. Ceramic coating on the HPT blades is the most desirable of these technologies. In this paper, the present situation of development, as well as future R & D plans for ceramic coating, is taken into consideration. Steam blade cooling is applied for the IGSC.

Advanced Gas Turbine and High Performance Gas-Steam Combined Cycle Plant With Blade Cooling Air Controlling

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Blade Cooling ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
Cooling Air

Air cooling blades are usually applied to gas turbines as a basic specification. This blade cooling air is almost 20% of compressor suction air and it means that a great deal of compression load is not converted effectively to turbine power generation. This paper proposes the CCM (Cascade Cooling Module) system of turbine blade air line and the consequent improvement of power generation, which is achieved by the reduction of cooling air consumption with effective use of recovered heat. With this technology, current gas turbines (TIT: turbine inlet temperature: 1350°C) can be up-rated to have a relative high efficiency increase. The increase ratio has a potential to be equivalent to that of 1500°C Class GT/CC against 1350°C Class. The CCM system is designed to enable the reduction of blade cooling air consumption by the low air temperature of 15°C instead of the usual 200–400°C. It causes the turbine operating air to increase at the constant suction air condition, which results in the enhancement of power and thermal efficiency. The CCM is installed in the cooling air line and is composed of three stage coolers: steam generator/fuel preheater stage, heat exchanger stage for hot water supplying and cooler stage with chilled water. The coolant (chilled water) for downstream cooler is produced by an absorption refrigerator operated by the hot water of the upstream heat exchanger. The proposed CCM system requires the modification of cooling air flow network in the gas turbine but produces the direct effect on performance enhancement. When the CCM system is applied to a 700MW Class CC (Combined Cycle) plant (GT TIT: 135°C Class), it is expected that there will be a 40–80MW increase in power and +2–5% relative increase in thermal efficiency.

scholarly journals Gas Turbine Power Plant Possibilities With a Nuclear Heat Source: Closed and Open Cycles

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin F. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Nuclear Heat ◽  
High Temperature Gas

With the capability of burning a variety of fossil fuels, giving high thermal efficiency, and operating with low emissions, the gas turbine is becoming a major prime-mover for a wide spectrum of applications. Almost three decades ago two experimental projects were undertaken in which gas turbines were actually operated with heat from nuclear reactors. In retrospect, these systems were ahead of their time in terms of technology readiness, and prospects of the practical coupling of a gas turbine with a nuclear heat source towards the realization of a high efficiency, pollutant free, dry-cooled power plant has remained a long-term goal, which has been periodically studied in the last twenty years. Technology advancements in both high temperature gas-cooled reactors, and gas turbines now make the concept of a nuclear gas turbine plant realizable. Two possible plant concepts are highlighted in this paper, (1) a direct cycle system involving the integration of a closed-cycle helium gas turbine with a modular high temperature gas cooled reactor (MHTGR), and (2) the utilization of a conventional and proven combined cycle gas turbine, again with the MHTGR, but now involving the use of secondary (helium) and tertiary (air) loops. The open cycle system is more equipment intensive and places demanding requirements on the very high temperature heat exchangers, but has the merit of being able to utilize a conventional combined cycle turbo-generator set. In this paper both power plant concepts are put into perspective in terms of categorizing the most suitable applications, highlighting their major features and characteristics, and identifying the technology requirements. The author would like to dedicate this paper to the late Professor Karl Bammert who actively supported deployment of the closed-cycle gas turbine for several decades with a variety of heat sources including fossil, solar, and nuclear systems.

Gas Turbine Systems Designed for Coal Water Slurries

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Giramonti ◽  
F. L. Robson
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Coal Powder ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
Power Generation Systems

Numerous attempts have been made during the past two decades to develop advanced power generation systems which could burn coal or coal-derived fuels both economically and in an environmentally acceptable manner. Although much valuable technology has been derived from these programs, commercially viable power generation alternatives have not yet appeared. One prospective way to expedite the commercialization of advanced coal-fired power systems is to meld the latest gas turbine technology with the emerging technology for producing slurries of water and ultra clean coal. This paper describes a DOE-sponsored program to identify the most attractive gas turbine power system that can operate on slurry fuels. The approach is to use slurries produced from finely ground (<10 microns) coal powder from which most of the ash and sulfur has been removed. The gas turbines will incorporate a rich-burn, quick-quench combustor to minimize conversion of fuel-bound nitrogen to NOx, advanced single crystal alloys with improved hot corrosion resistance and strength, advanced metallic and ceramic coatings with improved erosion and corrosion resistance, and more effective hot section cooling. Two different power plant configurations are covered: a large (nominally 400 MW) combined cycle plant designed for base load applications; and a small (nominally 12 MW) simple-cycle plant designed for peaking, industrial, and cogeneration applications.

Combined Cycle Enhancement

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Jericha ◽  
F. Hoeller
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Load Control ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
High Temperature Steam ◽  
Control Introduction

The Combined Cycle Plant (CCP) offers the best solutions to curb air pollution and the greenhouse effect, and it represents today the most effective heat engine ever created. At Graz University of Technology work is being conducted in close cooperation with industry to further enhancement of CC systems with regard to raising output and efficiency. Feasibility studies for intake air climatization, overload and part-load control, introduction of aeroderivate gas turbines in conjunction with high-temperature steam cycles, proposals for cooling, and the use of hydrogen as fuel are presented.

scholarly journals Transpiration Air Protected Turbine Blades: An Effective Concept to Achieve High Temperature and Erosion Resistance for Gas Turbines Operating in an Aggressive Environment

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Raj ◽  
S. L. Moskowitz
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Cooled Blade

The future generation is looking forward to the use of gas turbine inlet temperatures as high as 3000 F (1650 C) with attendant thermal efficiencies of from 40 to 50 percent in combined cycle electric power plants. In addition to the use of high temperature for improved efficiency, the national needs, due to scarcity of oil and natural gas, will heavily stress the use of coal as a fuel. The particulate from combustion of coal derived liquid and gaseous fuels, even after employing hot gas cleanup systems, may damage conventional turbine blades and thus reduce turbine life. This paper is intended to show how a transpiration-cooled blade can cope with both of the foregoing problems simultaneously. The fundamental aspects of the transpiration-cooled blade technology will also be explained. Experimental results using this design concept indicate that significant erosion resistance is feasible for gas turbine blading in the near future.

High Pressure Test Results of a Catalytic Combustor for Gas Turbine

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Fujii ◽  
Y. Ozawa ◽  
S. Kikumoto ◽  
M. Sato ◽  
Y. Yuasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Catalytic Combustion ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Catalytic Combustor

Recently, the use of gas turbine systems, such as combined cycle and cogeneration systems, has gradually increased in the world. But even when a clean fuel such as LNG (liquefied natural gas) is used, thermal NOx is generated in the high temperature gas turbine combustion process. The NOx emission from gas turbines is controlled through selective catalytic reduction processes (SCR) in the Japanese electric industry. If catalytic combustion could be applied to the combustor of the gas turbine, it is expected to lower NOx emission more economically. Under such high temperature and high pressure conditions, as in the gas turbine, however, the durability of the catalyst is still insufficient. So it prevents the realization of a high temperature catalytic combustor. To overcome this difficulty, a catalytic combustor combined with premixed combustion for a 1300°C class gas turbine was developed. In this method, catalyst temperature is kept below 1000°C, and a lean premixed gas is injected into the catalytic combustion gas. As a result, the load on the catalyst is reduced and it is possible to prevent the catalyst deactivation. After a preliminary atmospheric test, the design of the combustort was modified and a high pressure combustion test was conducted. As a result, it was confirmed that NOx emission was below 10 ppm (at 16 percent O2) at a combustor outlet gas temperature of 1300°C and that the combustion efficiency was almost 100 percent. This paper presents the design features and test results of the combustor.

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