Efficiency of Wire Rope Terminations

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Matanzo ◽  
J. T. Metcalf
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Breaking Load ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Test Program ◽  
Steel Sleeve ◽  
Pull Tests

Nine wire rope terminations were evaluated with respect to true efficiency, service life, and sensitivity to poor workmanship in a comprehensive laboratory test program. The portion of the program concerned with true efficiency, as determined by pull tests to destruction, is reported here. Five diameter values of Lang and Regular construction ropes of the 6 × 19 and 6 × 37 class were used on the following wire rope terminations: Flemish Loop with Steel Sleeve and Thimble, Flemish Loop with Steel Sleeve, Wedge Socket, Swaged Socket, Turn Back Loop with Aluminum Sleeve and Thimble, Thimble Splice with Four Tucks, U-Bolt Clips with Thimble, Zinc Poured Socket, and Resin Poured Socket. The true efficiency was shown to be affected by termination type, rope type, and the interaction of these factors. The efficiency values measured in this test program are less than those reported in the literature which are based on the catalog breaking load rather than on the true breaking load. From a graphic and statistical analysis of the data it was possible to present a selection procedure for optimizing the efficiency.

Study on the Design of SMA Mixture on Expressway

2014 ◽  
Vol 496-500 ◽  
pp. 2582-2585
Author(s):  
Jian Ping Xu ◽  
Fu Ming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Superior Surface ◽  
Structure Strength

The rapid growth of road traffic brings some requirements on driving comfort and safety, which include good smoothness, skid resistance and reduced noise of the pavement. SMA has adequate structure strength to reduce rutting and provide superior surface function of skid resistance. Modified asphalt as mixture binder, has considerable durability to ensure the service life with less maintenance costs. Associated with laboratory test and trial section, some suggestion and requirements are brought forward in this paper for the material properties and mixture design of SMA on the FuZhou-JiAn expressway in Jiangxi Province.

Influence of Cracks on the Service Life of Concrete Structures in a Marine Environment

2008 ◽  
Vol 399 ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien Audenaert ◽  
Liviu Marsavina ◽  
Geert de Schutter
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Reinforcement Corrosion ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Test Program ◽  
Cracked Concrete ◽  
Set Up

Chloride initiated reinforcement corrosion is the main durability problem for concrete structures in a marine environment. If the chlorides reach the reinforcement steel, it will depassivate and start to corrode in presence of air and water. Since the corrosion products have a larger volume than the initial products, concrete stresses are induced, leading to spalling and degradation of the concrete structures. If cracks, caused by early drying, thermal effects, shrinkage movements or overstress, are present in the concrete, the penetration of chlorides is much faster compared to uncracked concrete. In this way, the corrosion process is initiated earlier and the service life is decreasing drastically. In order to study the influence of existing cracks in concrete structures on the penetration of chlorides a test program was set up at the Magnel Laboratory for Concrete Research of Ghent University, Belgium in cooperation with the “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, Romania. The first part of the test program consists of concrete specimens with artificial cracks. The chloride penetration into the concrete was realised with a non-steady state migration test and modelled with the finite element method COSMOS/FFE Thermal software. Based on the experimental and numerical results, a crack influencing factor was determined. With this factor, the resulting service life of the cracked concrete construction is determined and compared with the original service life.

scholarly journals INCREASED VIBRATION ON REFRIGERATOR SHIPS OF B437/11 PROJECT AND TECHNICAL PROPOSALS ON ITS REDUCTION

2018 ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Minas Armenakovich Minasyan ◽  
Aung Myo Thant ◽  
Armen Minasovich Minasyan
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Vibration Isolation ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Vibration Isolators ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Isolation Systems ◽  
The Impact

The paper considers the causes of increased vibration of four auxiliary diesel-generator sets of "Sulzer" 5АL25 type on board nine refrigerated vessels of B437 / 11 project after 15 years of operation. The proposed wide range of possible applications to address the problem of high vibration of diesel generators and motor vessels there were generally implemented upgraded turbocharger brackets, engine sub-frame and supporting spiral-rope vibration isolators in the shock absorption system of the diesel-generator. Four original patented technical solutions have been presented, among which one solution is implemented in 5AL25 diesel generator and 2H 8.5/11 diesel damping systems. There has been offered wide application both wire rope vibration isolators and combined isolators, in which elastic elements are made of nonflammable materials. Wire rope vibration isolators combine high bearing capacity (static loads within 1 N - 50 kN) with high elasticity under dynamic effects; their natural frequencies can drop to 2.5 Hz. Under the worst conditions 75% of the free moving weakens the impact to values that ensure the necessary safety of the object. Experience in designing vibration isolation systems allows to set the maximum range of loads within 15 - 25 g. The vibration isolators made of steel wire rope are practically not affected by the environment, they are made of stainless steel. They effectively operate at temperatures -200°C - +370°C in the presence of oil, dirt, sand, salt fog, etc. They usually have a service life comparable with the service life of the insulated object. Wire rope vibration isolators and combined vibration isolators can be used in all fields of modern technology: shipbuilding, power engineering, automotive, aviation and space industries, etc.

scholarly journals КОЭФФИЦИЕНТЫ ДЕГРАДАЦИИ ПРОЧНОСТИ СИЛОВЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ КУПОЛА ПАРАШЮТА ПОСЛЕ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОЙ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ ИЛИ ХРАНЕНИЯ

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Петр Александрович Фомичев ◽  
Игорь Михайлович Сила
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Breaking Load ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Lower Confidence ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Normal Law

The technique of processing the test results to the destruction of samples cut from slings and dome fabric after prolonged use or storage of the parachute is described. The normal law of load distribution before failure is adopted.It is proposed to find the minimum breaking load as the lower confidence limit depending on the number of tested samples and a confidence probability of 0.99.The results of strength tests of samples from the parachutes of the landing D-5 series 2 of 1983, the spare Z-5 of 1984, and the rescue S-5K series 2 of 1989 are presented.A total of 301 samples were tested, including 54 samples from slings D-5, 48 samples from slings Z-5 and S-5K, samples from fabrics of domes on the base and weft. Samples from slings were cut out at the edge of the dome, in the middle, at the arc buckles.Fabric samples were cut radially from the top to the edge of the dome. The dependence of the strength characteristics on the location of the samples along the length of the slings or the dome panel has not been established.There are no gross errors in the tests according to the Grubbs criterion.The strength degradation coefficients of the slings and fabrics of the domes are determined as the ratio of the breaking load after long-term operation or storage to the initial values adopted during the design.The proximity of the degradation coefficients of slings and dome fabrics was noted. Based on the set of test results in order to obtain the minimum values of the degradation coefficients, a linear dependence on the life of the parachute is established.This period should be counted from the year the parachute was made.The dependence of the minimum degradation coefficients (maximum degradation) on the service life makes it possible to assess the drop in the strength characteristics of the structural elements with increasing service life. This dependence allows you to predict the maximum allowable landing speed when deciding on the extension of the life of the parachute.

scholarly journals Investigation of factors influencing the operational characteristics of traction transformers

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 13007
Author(s):  
Dilmurod Yusupov ◽  
Odiljon Kutbidinov ◽  
Shakhboz Samadov ◽  
Eldor Abdullaev
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Railway System

This article presents the results of visual inspections and a brief statistical analysis of the data obtained in order to identify the observed defects in traction transformers of ODTsE 5000 / 25 B and OTsR 5600/25 types in operation in the railway system. The analysis revealed that the main parameters that determine the operational characteristics of traction transformers are windings and insulation. Recommendations for the prevention of faults in traction transformers and increase their service life have been developed.

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