scholarly journals Novel Transaortic Double Barrel Ventricular Cannula

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Cezo ◽  
S W. Day
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Aortic Insufficiency ◽  
Flow Loop ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Speed Cinematography ◽  
Valve Sealing

A novel transaortic ventricular cannula, known as the ‘double barrel’ cannula (DBC), is designed to minimize the invasiveness of Ventricular Assist Device (VAD) implantation by combining the inlet and outlet cannulae into a single dual lumen cannula. Both flows will pass through a single opening in the apex of the Left Ventricle with the outflow then continuing past the aortic valve, into the aortic arch. This design offers several potential advantages over the current state-of-the-art. These include less invasive surgery and providing mechanical support to the septum. By routing the outflow through the aortic valve, the need to access the external structure of the ascending aorta is eliminated thereby eliminating the need for open heart surgery. In determining the DBC's design, close attention has been paid to the outflow portion of the cannula, which passes through the aortic valve. It was anticipated that this portion of the DBC could have the largest impact on the device's usability in practice. The object of this study was to test the performance of the valve with the cannula passing through it. Three different geometries are circular, equilateral triangular, and one-third semicircular. Experiments measuring aortic insufficiency during the diastolic phase were conducted. The experiment was designed to analyze several geometries passing through an aortic valve under diastolic flow conditions. All experiments used a simple flow loop which allows a natural porcine aortic valve to be viewed from downstream. The loop was driven with a pneumatic ventricular simulator in order to produce a cyclic flow. Three cannulae cross-sections were molded from RTV11 Silicone. During this test, High Speed Cinematography and flow rate measurement were used to quantify valve sealing and leakage. All data was collected and analyzed for the three cross-sectional geometries during diastole. The performances of the three geometries were compared using American Heart Association guidelines of aortic insufficiency (Al) diagnosis. The flow rate data was integrated in order to determine the volume of ventricle ejection and valve regurgitation. All three geometries exhibit low and acceptable levels of Al (⩽15%Al), with the circular geometry causing the least amount of Al at 7.1%. The experimental control (Porcine aortic valve with no cannulae) exhibited an Al or 2.4%, validating both the harvested aortic valve and experimental flow loop for further testing. Using the high speed cinematography, several phenomena were observed during the sealing of the porcine valve; including leaflet folding leaflet bunching, and cannula displacement due to valve closure.

POSTOPERATIVE PERICARDIAL EFFUSION SYNDROME

2012 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Quang Thuu Le
Keyword(s):  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Open Heart ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pericardial Drainage ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Intraoperative Management ◽  
Minimal Problems

Objective: Today, despite many recent improvements in intraoperative management and postoperative care, late pericardial effusions remain an important cause of morbidity after cardiac surgery. Because of widespread use of chronic anticoagulation and increased complexity of operations, the incidence of effusion may be higher. Thus we need to update the information on the symptoms, risk factors, diagnostic methods and treatment of Postoperative pericardial effusion syndrome. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional and prospective study of all patients admitted to hospital because of pericardial effusion after open heart surgery from 1/2010 to 9/2012. Study the clinical characteristics, paraclinicals, evaluate the results of treatment of pericardial effusion after open heart surgery. Results: Symptoms of pericardial effusion are nonspecific. Some patients with pericardial effusion report minimal problems. In the present study, few patients have the classic presentation of tamponade. Echocardiography is the diagnostic accuracy pericardial effusion after open heart surgery. This treatment mainly is pericardial drainage with 100%. Conclusion: Pericardial effusion is a common complication after open-heart surgery, symptoms of pericardial effusion are nonspecific to diagnostic method is echocardiographic surveillance.patients can be treated with internal medicine if has no tamponade and less fliuds. Pericardial drainage is absolute only in patients with pericardial effusion with signs of cardiac tamponade or pericardial many of effusion.

scholarly journals Association of arsenic-induced cardiovascular disease susceptibility with genetic polymorphisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Al-Forkan ◽  
Fahmida Binta Wali ◽  
Laila Khaleda ◽  
Md. Jibran Alam ◽  
Rahee Hasan Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adjusted Analysis ◽  
Diabetes Status

AbstractInorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure has been reported to have an impact on cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, there is not much known about the cardiac tissue injury of CVD patients in relation to iAs exposure and potential role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes related to iAs metabolism, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and inflammation which may play important roles in such CVD cases. In this dual center cross-sectional study, based on the exclusion and inclusion criteria, we have recruited 50 patients out of 270, who came from known arsenic-affected and- unaffected areas of mainly Chittagong, Dhaka and Rajshahi divisions of Bangladesh and underwent open-heart surgery at the selected centers during July 2017 to June 2018. We found that the patients from arsenic affected areas contained significantly higher average iAs concentrations in their urine (6.72 ± 0.54 ppb, P = 0.028), nail (529.29 ± 38.76 ppb, P < 0.05) and cardiac tissue (4.83 ± 0.50 ppb, P < 0.05) samples. Patients’ age, sex, BMI, hypertension and diabetes status adjusted analysis showed that patients from arsenic-affected areas had significantly higher iAs concentration in cardiac tissue (2.854, 95%CI 1.017–8.012, P = 0.046) reflecting higher cardiac tissue injury among them (1.831, 95%CI 1.032–3.249, P = 0.039), which in turn allowed the analysis to assume that the iAs exposure have played a vital role in patients’ disease condition. Adjusted analysis showed significant association between urinary iAs concentration with AA (P = 0.012) and AG (P = 0.034) genotypes and cardiac iAs concentration with AA (P = 0.017) genotype of AS3MT rs10748835. The AG genotype of AS3MT rs10748835 (13.333 95%CI 1.280–138.845, P = 0.013), AA genotype of NOS3 rs3918181 (25.333 95%CI 2.065–310.757, P = 0.002), GG genotype of ICAM1 rs281432 (12.000 95%CI 1.325–108.674, P = 0.010) and AA genotype of SOD2 rs2758331 (13.333 95%CI 1.280–138.845, P = 0.013) were found significantly associated with CVD patients from arsenic-affected areas. Again, adjusted analysis showed significant association of AA genotype of AS3MT rs10748835 with CVD patients from arsenic affected areas. In comparison to the reference genotypes of the selected SNPs, AA of AS3MT 10748835, AG of NOS3 rs3918181 and AC of rs3918188, GG of ICAM1 rs281432, TT of VCAM1 rs3176867, AA of SOD2 rs2758331 and GT of APOE rs405509 significantly increased odds of cardiac tissue injury of CVD patients from arsenic affected areas. The results showed that the selected SNPs played a susceptibility role towards cardiac tissue iAs concentration and injury among CVD patients from iAs affected areas.

Short and Long-term Results of Open Heart Surgery in Aortic Valve Disease

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Sook Kim ◽  
Jae-Kwan Song ◽  
Jae-Hwan Lee ◽  
Young-Hak Kim ◽  
Min-Kyu Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Disease ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Open Heart ◽  
Short And Long Term

A Clinical Study of Isolated Aortic Valve Replacement: A Univariate Analysis of Risk Factors

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Wook Sung ◽  
Lee Jeong Ryul ◽  
Kim Ki Bong ◽  
Sung Sook Whan ◽  
Ahn Hyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Preoperative Serum

Between 1979 and 1990, 190 patients underwent isolated aortic valve replacement at Seoul National University Hospital in Korea. There were 11 (5.8%) in-hospital deaths. Univariate analysis identified advanced age (p = 0.026), preoperative serum GOT or GPT greater than 40IU/1 (p < 0.001, p = 0.003), NYHA Class III or IV (p = 0.029), preoperative mean pulmonary arterial pressure greater than 19 mmHg (p = 0.019), reoperation for aortic valve replacement (p = 0.035), second or third open heart surgery (p < 0.001), and use of mechanical valve (p = 0.008) as variables associated with increased in-hospital risk. Follow-up documented survival rates of 98.1% and 96.4% and event-free survival rates of 95.7% and 81.6% at 3 and 7 postoperative years, respectively. NYHA Class III or IV (p = 0.009), preoperative serum total bilirubin level greater than 1.2 mg/dl (p = 0.009), reoperation for aortic valve replacement (p = 0.03), second or third open heart surgery (p = 0.002), and use of mechanical valve were associated with decreased late survival and event-free survival.

Simultaneous Repair of Severe Pectus Excavatum and Aortic Valve Replacement Following Previous Open-Heart Surgery

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren L. Gould ◽  
G.K. Jett ◽  
John Bostwick ◽  
Ellis L. Jones ◽  
Kamal A. Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Pectus Excavatum ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MAMMALIAN SPERM MOTILITY

1972 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 561-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Small Radius ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Large Radius ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mammalian Sperm ◽  
High Speed Cinematography ◽  
Pass Through

Spermatozoa of several mammalian species were studied by means of high-speed cinematography and electron microscopy. Three types of motile patterns were observed in mouse spermatozoa. The first type involved an asymmetrical beat which seemed to propel the sperm in circular paths. The second type involved rotation of the sperm and appeared to allow them to maintain straight paths. In the third type of pattern, the sperm appeared to move by crawling on surfaces in a snakelike manner. Spermatozoa of rabbit and Chinese hamster also had an asymmetrical beat which sometimes caused them to swim in circles. In spite of the asymmetry of the beat, these spermatozoa were also able to swim in straight paths by rotating around a central axis as they swam. Spermatozoa of some species appeared very flexible; their flagella formed arcs with a very small radius of curvature as they beat. Spermatozoa of other species appeared very stiff, and their flagella formed arcs with a very large radius of curvature. The stiffness of the spermatozoan appeared to correlate positively with the cross-sectional area of the dense fibers. This suggests that the dense fibers may be stiff elastic elements. Opossum sperm become paired as they pass through the epididymis. Pairs of opossum spermatozoa beat in a coordinated, alternating manner.

Patient-Specific Computational Simulations of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia M. Bosi ◽  
Claudio Capelli ◽  
Robin Chung ◽  
Michael Mullen ◽  
Andrew M. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Paravalvular Leak ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve

In the past decade, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVI) has been shown to be a feasible, less invasive option to open heart surgery for aortic valve replacement; however, TAVI is indicated only in patients with severe, symptomatic, aortic stenosis and who are considered at high or prohibitive risk for conventional surgery [1]. To date, two different TAVI devices are available on the market — the balloon-expandable Edwards-Sapien® Valve (Edwards Lifesciences, CA, USA) and the self-expandable CoreValve ReValving System® (Medtronic, MN, USA) — with many other devices currently under development and clinical trials. The procedural success rate has been >90% in all studies [1], but vascular complications, electrical conduction abnormalities and paravalvular leak — 65–89% of cases, the majority being trivial to mild, with 0 to 26% moderate and 0 to 10% severe — still remain major safety concerns. In particular, a negative influence of moderate to severe paravalvular leak on survival rates has recently been demonstrated [2].

scholarly journals Evaluation of Complications of Heart Surgery in Children With Congenital Heart Disease at Dena Hospital of Shiraz

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Mirzaei ◽  
Samaneh Mirzaei ◽  
Elham Sepahvand ◽  
Afifeh Rahmanian Koshkaki ◽  
Marzieh Kargar Jahromi
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Congenital Heart Surgery ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional

<p><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> Today, with progress in the field of congenital heart surgery, different complicated actions are done in children. These actions may be associated with several complications, especially open heart surgery in which the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is used. Serious complications can be caused high morbidity and mortality rates. Present study has been performed to determine the incidence of morbidity and mortality in cardiac surgery in children.</p> <p><strong>METHOD:</strong> In a cross-sectional retrospective, records of 203 patients undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease in Dena hospital during 2013-2015 were reviewed for incidence of complications. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and analytical statistics and using SPSS version 18.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> The mean age of samples was 3/65±4/47 years. The majority of samples (73/8%) were undergoing open surgery. The overall adverse cardiovascular complications were respectively, renal complications (44/3%), lung (40/3%), anemia (35/9%), heart (34/4%), gastrointestinal (17/2%), brain (14/2%), need for re-intubation of the trachea 11/3%), infection (7/8%) required reoperation (5/9%) and vascular complications (1/4%).</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> High incidence of complications after congenital heart surgery makes necessary attention to complications and their treatment after surgery. It is necessary to apply the measures and careful monitoring of patients to minimize these effects.</p>

scholarly journals Aortic Annular Enlargement during Aortic Valve Replacement

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selman Dumani ◽  
Ermal Likaj ◽  
Laureta Dibra ◽  
Stavri Llazo ◽  
Ali Refatllari
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Aortic Annulus ◽  
Patient Prosthesis Mismatch ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Transvalvular Gradient

In the surgery of aortic valve replacement is always attempted, as much as possible, to implant the larger prosthesis with the mains goals to enhance the potential benefits, to minimise transvalvular gradient, decrease left ventricular size and avoid the phenomenon of patient-prosthesis mismatch. Implantation of an ideal prosthesis often it is not possible, due to a small aortic annulus. A variety of aortic annulus enlargement techniques is reported to avoid patient-prosthesis mismatch. We present the case that has submitted four three times open heart surgery. We used Manouguian technique to enlarge aortic anulus with excellent results during the fourth time of surgery.

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