Direct De-Ionized Water-Cooled Semiconductor Laser Package for Photodynamic Therapy of Esophageal Carcinoma: Design and Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemunu Happawana ◽  
Amaranath Premasiri ◽  
Arye Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Semiconductor Laser ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Package Design ◽  
Effective Delivery ◽  
Current Characteristics ◽  
Esophageal Carcinomas

Effective delivery of the activation light for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of internal organs is a challenge. In this paper, we present a direct de-ionized water-cooling semiconductor laser package design for PDT of esophageal carcinomas. This self-sustained photonic light delivery system is designed to provide the correct amount of light dose for optimal treatment. The direct de-ionized water-cooling technique discussed in this paper not only removes heat efficiently but also results in a high optical power output. Voltage-current and power-current characteristics, and near field optical patterns for unidirectional and direct de-ionized water-cooling, are used to show the validity of the technique. Modeling of fluid flow is conducted to investigate the effect of flowing water over the laser package.

scholarly journals ACTR-39. PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY USING TALAPORFIN SODIUM AND SEMICONDUCTOR LASER COMBINED WITH MAXIMUM TUMOR RESECTION IMPROVES PROGNOSIS OF PATIENTS WITH GLIOBLASTOMA

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (suppl_6) ◽  
pp. vi10-vi10
Author(s):  
Masayuki Nitta ◽  
Yoshihiro Muragaki ◽  
Takashi Maruyama ◽  
Soko Ikuta ◽  
Hiroshi Iseki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Semiconductor Laser ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Talaporfin Sodium

Die Bonding of High Power 808 nm Laser Diodes With Nanosilver Paste

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Yan ◽  
Xu Chen ◽  
Xingsheng Liu ◽  
Yunhui Mei ◽  
Guo-Quan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Laser ◽  
High Power ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Laser Diodes ◽  
Acoustic Microscopy ◽  
High Power Laser ◽  
Power Laser ◽  
Power Semiconductor ◽  
Die Bonding ◽  
Nanosilver Paste

Conduction-cooled high power laser diodes have a variety of significant commercial, industrial, and military applications. For these devices to perform effectively, an appropriate die-attached material meeting specific requirements must be selected. In this study, nanosilver paste, a novel die-attached material, was used in packaging the 60 W 808 nm high power laser diodes. The properties of the laser diodes operating in the continuous wave (CW) mode, including the characteristics of power–current–voltage (LIV), spectrum, near field, far field, near field linearity, spatial spectrum, and thermal impedance, were determined. In addition, destructive tests, including the die shear test, scanning acoustic microscopy, and the thermal rollover test, were conducted to evaluate the reliability of the die bonding of the 60 W 808 nm high power semiconductor laser with nanosilver paste. Thermal analyses of the laser diodes operating at CW mode with different die-attached materials, indium solder, gold–tin solder and nanosilver paste, were conducted by finite element analysis (FEA). According to the result of the FEA, the nanosilver paste resulted in the lowest temperature in the laser diodes. The test results showed that the nanosilver paste was a very promising die-attached material in packaging high power semiconductor laser.

Method to compensate for fluctuations in optical power delivered to a near-field scanning optical microscope

2006 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 046109
Author(s):  
I. C. Schick ◽  
J. M. Yarbrough ◽  
C. G. Allen ◽  
R. T. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Near Field Scanning

scholarly journals Stimuli-Responsive Nanoplatform-Assisted Photodynamic Therapy Against Bacterial Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Zhou ◽  
Wenmin Deng ◽  
Mulan Mo ◽  
Dexu Luo ◽  
Houhe Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Therapeutic Technique ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Effective Delivery

Bacterial infections are common diseases causing tremendous deaths in clinical settings. It has been a big challenge to human beings because of the antibiotics abuse and the newly emerging microbes. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a reactive oxygen species-based therapeutic technique through light-activated photosensitizer (PS). Recent studies have highlighted the potential of PDT as an alternative method of antibacterial treatment for its broad applicability and high efficiency. However, there are some shortcomings due to the low selectivity and specificity of PS. Growing evidence has shown that drug delivery nanoplatforms have unique advantages in enhancing therapeutic efficacy of drugs. Particularly, stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms, as a promising delivery system, provide great opportunities for the effective delivery of PS. In the present mini-review, we briefly introduced the unique microenvironment in bacterial infection tissues and the application of PDT on bacterial infections. Then we review the stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms (including pH-, enzymes-, redox-, magnetic-, and electric-) used in PDT against bacterial infections. Lastly, some perspectives have also been proposed to further promote the future developments of antibacterial PDT.

scholarly journals The Effects of Optical Power of Semiconductor Laser on the Characteristics of Si-diode in an Exposed Device

2021 ◽  
pp. 3545-3551
Author(s):  
Musab S. Mohammad ◽  
Raad A. Rasool ◽  
Fathi M. Jassim
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Laser ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Saturation Current ◽  
Silicon Diode ◽  
Voltage Curve ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Maximum Current ◽  
Current Voltage Curve ◽  
Reverse Saturation Current

     In this paper, we experimentally studied the effects of optical power of semiconductor laser on the electrical properties of silicon diode of an exposed device. The experimental results showed that the laser diode light of different optical powers (2, 3, and 4 mW) had effects on the silicon diode that are somewhat similar to those of thermal treatment. A shift in the current-voltage curve to the left side was also noticed, which led to a non-linear decrease of the barrier voltage of the diode by the effect of laser light. We also reveal a decrease by 344.8 nA/mW in the reverse saturation current of the silicon diode as a result of exposure to laser light. The forward resistance of the silicon diode decreased with increased incident optical power. The value of the maximum current of diode increased by 0.5 A/W with increasing the optical power incident on the diode.

Near-field solubility constraints on radionuclide mobilization and their influence on waste package design

1986 ◽  
Vol 319 (1545) ◽  
pp. 83-95 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Potential ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Package Design ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The paper addresses the physical and chemical processes that can serve to immobilize waste radionuclides within the confines of an underground repository. These processes, which can be made largely independent of the chemical nature of the host rock, depend for their efficacy upon the maintenance of a very low flow rate of groundwater through the repository constituents. The very long-lived waste products, in particular the actinides, are very insoluble in water under conditions of alkalinity and oxygen potential that will exist in a repository when cement is used as a backfill or as a matrix for the waste. The same chemical conditions tend to favour a fairly long life for steel containers. The paper suggests how these factors may be used to immobilize wastes and draws some conclusions on the relative value of the various engineered features of a repository. Some natural geological analogues are explored as a means of assisting the extrapolation of waste behaviour over very long times.

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