The Determination of Heating Shapes and Locations for Triangle Heating

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Bum Kim ◽  
Jung-Seo Park ◽  
Jong-Gye Shin ◽  
Chung-Min Hyun ◽  
Kwang-Hee Ko
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Functional Relation ◽  
Angular Distortion ◽  
Thermal Forming ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Unit Triangle ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Residual Deformations

Thermal forming is a method to form a curved plate by inducing local shrinkage and angular distortion through heating and cooling. In this approach, two different methods are available: line heating and triangle heating. Among them, this paper discusses triangle heating and presents algorithms for determining heating shapes and locations. The heating shape is determined by using the in-plane strain distributions, which are calculated by nonlinear kinematics analysis between the designed and initial shapes, field survey results, and mechanics based on the neutral axis. To predict the angular distortion and shrinkage in various heating conditions, a functional relation of residual deformations is formulated. For the formulation, multivariate analysis and multiple regression techniques are used with data obtained from experiments of unit triangle heating and numerical analysis. Using the determined heating shapes and the functional relation for the residual deformations, a correct triangle heating position is determined by an algorithm, which can predict qualitatively correct angular distortion and shrinkage in the interior and quantitatively correct distortion values on the edge. Finally, analytic verification of the proposed method has been done by applying the method to a convex type plate used in the field. The proposed work can be used for automation of curved plate fabrication in the shipyards.

scholarly journals Forest regeneration appraisal with large-scale aerial photographs

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Hall ◽  
A. H. Aldred
Keyword(s):  
Forest Regeneration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Two Stages

The operational feasibility of using large-scale aerial photographs to quantify coniferous forest stocking and regeneration density, was assessed over 6 cutovers with a 1,700 ha total area. The project involved two stages: one to pre-stratify cutover stocking levels using 1:10,000 general-coverage, colour photos; and the second to sample intensively, stocking and density using 1:500 large-scale photos. The accuracy, cost and practical problems in using large-scale sampling photos for regeneration assessment were determined. Accuracy assessment included detectability of young trees, species interpretation, and reliability of stocking and density measurements. Stocking estimates were on average, only five percent lower than field survey results but could be calibrated using regression techniques. Large differences between field survey and photo estimates of density in stems/ha suggested such counts should not be made from large-scale photos. Density count differences were attributable to seedlings occurring in dense patches or clumps where field counts were also difficult. If survey objectives and methods are carefully planned, large-scale photos can be a suitable tool for assessing and monitoring the stocking and survival rates of coniferous forest regeneration. Key words: Forest regeneration appraisal, silviculture, inventory, sampling, large-scale photography.

scholarly journals A design concept of active cooling for tailored forming workpieces during induction heating

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Caner-Veli Ince ◽  
Anna Chugreeva ◽  
Christoph Böhm ◽  
Fadi Aldakheel ◽  
Johanna Uhe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Algorithmic Approach ◽  
Cooling Strategy ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Temperature Constraint ◽  
Inhomogeneous Temperature ◽  
Specific Temperature ◽  
Tailored Forming

AbstractThe demand for lightweight construction is constantly increasing. One approach to meet this challenge is the development of hybrid components made of dissimilar materials. The use of the hybrid construction method for bulk components has a high potential for weight reduction and increased functionality. However, forming workpieces consisting of dissimilar materials requires specific temperature profiles for achieving sufficient formability. This paper deals with the development of a specific heating and cooling strategy to generate an inhomogeneous temperature distribution in hybrid workpieces. Firstly, the heating process boundaries with regard to temperature parameters required for a successful forming are experimentally defined. Secondly, a design based on the obtained cooling strategy is developed. Next a modelling embedded within an electro-thermal framework provides the basis for a numerical determination of admissible cooling rates to fulfil the temperature constraint. Here, the authors illustrate an algorithmic approach for the optimisation of cooling parameters towards an effective minimum, required for applicable forming processes of tailored forming.

Determination of the temperature field of a wedge during heating and cooling

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
V. A. Ostaf'ev ◽  
A. A. Chernyavskaya
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Heating And Cooling

scholarly journals Critical Land Detection using Remote Sensing Device and Geographic Information (Case Study of Critical Land Basic of Catchments Area, Alang, Wonogiri)

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Beny Harjadi
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Difference

Work criteria and indicator of Catchments Area need to be determined because the success and the failure of cultivating Catchments Area can be monitored and evaluated through the determined criteria. Criteria Indicators in utilizing land, one of them is determined based on the erosion index and the ability of utilizing land, for analyzing the land critical level. However, the determination of identification and classification of land critical level has not been determined; as a result the measurement of how wide the real critical land is always changed all the year. In this study, it will be tried a formula to determine the land critical/eve/ with various criteria such as: Class KPL (Ability of Utilizing Land) and the difference of the erosion tolerance value with the great of the erosion compared with land critical level analysis using remote sensing devices. The aim of studying land critical level detection using remote sensing tool and Geographic Information System (SIG) are:1. The backwards and the advantages of critical and analysis method2. Remote Sensing Method for critical and classification3. Critical/and surveyed method in the field (SIG) Collecting and analyzing data can be found from the field survey and interpretation of satellite image visually and using computer. The collected data are analyzed as:a. Comparing the efficiency level and affectivity of collecting biophysical data through field survey, sky photo interpretation, and satellite image analysis.b. Comparing the efficiency level and affectivity of land critical level data that are found from the result of KPL with the result of the measurement of the erosion difference and erosion tolerance.

scholarly journals Improvement in physical river habitat quality in response to river restoration measures

Geografie ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-78
Author(s):  
Kateřina Kujanová ◽  
Milada Matoušková
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Quality ◽  
River Restoration ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Reference Conditions ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
River Habitat ◽  
Restoration Measures ◽  
Hydromorphological Quality

The main goal of this paper is to verify the hypothesis that application of appropriate restoration measures can lead to an improvement in river habitat quality and to achieve good hydromorphological conditions within the ecological status under the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/ES. The study includes an analysis of river network modifications founded on comparing historical and present-day maps, a determination of regional hydromorphological reference conditions based on a field survey and measurements, an assessment of hydromorphological quality of the studied water body and a proposal of appropriate restoration measures. The effects on improvement in hydromorphological status were predicted on the basis of a simulation of hydromorphological conditions after the application of proposed restoration measures. Overall, at least a good hydromorphological status would be achieved. The study proved that it is essential to carry out a hydromorphological survey including a determination of reference conditions as it provides some outputs necessary for a proposal and application of efficient restoration.

Determination of Hydrogen Density of States in Amorphous Silicon Using Fractional Evolution Experiments

1997 ◽  
Vol 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Franz ◽  
W. B. Jackson ◽  
J. L. Gland
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Density Of States ◽  
Silicon Film ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Frequency Factor ◽  
Silicon Films ◽  
Hydrogen Density ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Novel Method

ABSTRACTHydrogen plays an important role in the electronic behavior, structure and stability of amorphous silicon films. Therefore, determination of the hydrogen density of states (DOS) and correlation of the hydrogen DOS with the electronic film properties are important research goals. We have developed a novel method for determination of hydrogen DOS in silicon films, based on fractional evolution experiments. Fractional evolution experiments are performed by subjecting a silicon film to a series of linear, alternating heating and cooling ramps, while monitoring the hydrogen evolution rate. The fractional evolution data can be analyzed using two complementary memods, the fixed frequency factor approach and Arrhenius analysis. Using a rigorous, mean-field evolution model, we demonstrate the applicability of the two approaches to obtaining the hydrogen DOS in silicon films. We further validate both methods by analyzing experimental fractional evolution data foran amorphous silicon carbide film. Both types of analysis yield a similar double peaked density of states for the a-Si:C:H:D film.

Determination of Rate of Medical Waste Generation Using RVM, MARS and MPMR

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Jagan J. ◽  
Pijush Samui ◽  
Barnali Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Learning ◽  
Piecewise Linear ◽  
Regression Function ◽  
Relevance Vector Machine ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Learning Framework ◽  
Adaptive Regression ◽  
Regression Techniques

The prediction of medical waste generation is an important task in hospital waste management. This article uses Relevance Vector Machine (RVM), Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS) and Minimax Probability Machine Regression (MPMR) for prediction of rate of medical waste generation. Type of hospital, Capacity and Bed Occupancy has been used as inputs of RVM, MARS and MPMR. RVM is a probabilistic bayesian learning framework. MARS builds flexible model by using piecewise linear regressions. MPMR maximizes the minimum probability that future predicted outputs of the regression model will be within some bound of the true regression function. MARS, RVM and MPMR have been used as regression techniques. The results show that the developed RVM, MPMR and MARS give excellent models for determination of rate of medical waste generation.

EFFECT OF EDTA AND DTPA ON AVAILABLE-P EXTRACTION WITH THE KELOWNA MULTIPLE ELEMENT EXTRACTANT

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
W. VAN LIEROP
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Available P ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Simultaneous Extraction ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Regression Techniques

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of adding either 0.001M EDTA or 0.005M DTPA on the amount of P removed from acid and calcareous soils by the Kelowna and 0.25M HO Ac extractants. These complexing agents were studied for possible simultaneous extraction and determination of available Zn. To achieve that end, P-concentrations removed by these solutions from a group of acid, calcareous, and combined soils were compared against reference values obtained with 0.5M NaHCO3 (Olsen et al.) and the Kelowna extractant (0.25M HOAc + 0.015M NH4F) by means of graphing, correlation and regression techniques. Of the 80 soils studied, 40 were acid with pH (H2O) values ranging from 4.2 to 6.9 and the remainder having higher values up to 9.3. Results indicated that additions of either 0.001M EDTA or 0.005M DTPA to the Kelowna solution increased average extracted P concentrations by about 20 and 60%, respectively. Values removed by either of the new KEDTA and KDTPA solutions were closely related to those extracted with 0.5M NaHCO3 and Kelowna solutions on acid and calcareous soils (r values ≥ 0.96**). As EDTA and DTPA increased extracted soil P, these were added at 0.001 and 0.005M as NH4 preparations to 0.25M HOAc (AADTPA & AAEDTA; without fluoride), respectively, for determining whether these complexing agents could supplant F for P extraction. These solutions removed proportionally related amounts (r ≈ 0.94**) of P from calcareous, compared to the Kelowna and 0.5M NaHCO3 solutions, but relationships were less precise for acid soils (r ≈ 0.76**). These results suggest that the AADTPA or AAEDTA solution should be evaluated further before adoption for routine P determination in multiple element extractions. Key words: Mehlich in, acid soils, calcareous soils

scholarly journals Post-event field survey of 28 September 2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2781-2794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Widiyanto ◽  
Purwanto B. Santoso ◽  
Shih-Chun Hsiao ◽  
Rudy T. Imananta
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Tsunami Waves ◽  
Tsunami Measurements ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Earthquake Event ◽  
Run Up ◽  
2018 Sulawesi Earthquake ◽  
Made In

Abstract. An earthquake with a magnitude of Mw=7.5 that occurred in Sulawesi, Indonesia, on 28 September 2018 triggered liquefaction and tsunamis that caused severe damage and many casualties. This paper reports the results of a post-tsunami field survey conducted by a team with members from Indonesia and Taiwan that began 13 d after the earthquake. The main purpose of this survey was to measure the run-up of tsunami waves and inundation and observe the damage caused by the tsunami. Measurements were made in 18 selected sites, most in Palu Bay. The survey results show that the run-up height and inundation distance reached 10.7 m in Tondo and 488 m in Layana. Inundation depths of 2 to 4 m were common at most sites and the highest was 8.4 m in Taipa. The arrival times of the tsunami waves were quite short and different for each site, typically about 3–8 min from the time of the main earthquake event. This study also describes the damage to buildings and infrastructure and coastal landslides.

LABORATORY DETERMINATION OF FIELD BULK DENSITY FOR IMPROVING FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATIONS OF ORGANIC SOILS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. VAN LIEROP
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Exponential Relationship ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Soil Fertilizer

The objectives of this study were to find ways to improve the accuracy of soil fertilizer recommendations by taking into account the variation in bulk density (BD) of organic soils. To achieve this end, field BD values of 30 organic soils (0.100–0.504 g/mL) were used to evaluate methods of measuring the BD in the laboratory by means of correlation and regression techniques. A simple and rapid procedure using the reconstituted BD of field-moist soils was the most accurate means of determining the average field BD in the laboratory, as indicated by the correlation coefficient obtained between the BD values obtained by this method and those in the field (r = 0.975**). The second most accurate method relied upon the exponential relationship between the water content of soils and their BD (R2 = 91.1 %). The least exact method of correcting for BD variations was to scoop a volume of dried (65 °C) and sieved (2-mm) soils, as is done in some soil test laboratories. Although the values obtained by this method were related (r = 0.502**) to the field data, drying caused shrinkage of soils, thereby increasing their BD about twofold. Soil pH (r = 0.716**) and percentage ash contents (r = 0.851**) were also related to the field BD of soils. These tests could be used to estimate the BD of soils when the preferred method cannot be used. Regression equations are provided for relating appropriate test values to the BD of organic soils.

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