Unsteady Gaseous Diffusion Associated With a Fully Cavitating Oscillating Flat-Plate Hydrofoil

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-294
Author(s):  
K. Ravindra ◽  
B. R. Parkin
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Diffusion Rate ◽  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Mass Diffusion ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Harmonic Oscillations ◽  
Gaseous Diffusion ◽  
Gas Entrainment ◽  
Reduced Frequency

This paper gives an analysis of convective gaseous diffusion into a full cavity behind an oscillating flat-plate hydrofoil in a turbulent flow. The unsteady diffusion theory accounts for fluctuations of cavity gas pressure and length which are assumed to be harmonic oscillations but are not necessarily in phase with the hydrofoil motion. A diffusive lag function is found which, for a given reduced frequency, determines the instantaneous diffusion rate as a product of the lag function and the quasisteady mass diffusion. The present results can be used to study the rate of gas entrainment from the cavity into the wake behind the oscillating cavity.

Gas Heat Conduction in Evacuated Flat-Plate Solar Collectors: Analysis and Reduction

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Beikircher ◽  
N. Benz ◽  
W. Spirkl
Keyword(s):  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Loss Reduction ◽  
Stationary Heat ◽  
Conduction Loss ◽  
Flat Plate Solar Collector ◽  
Gas Conduction ◽  
Kinetic Gas Theory

In stationary heat-loss experiments, the thermal losses by gas conduction of an evacuated flat-plate solar collector (EFPC) were experimentally determined for different values of interior gas pressure. The experiments were carried out with air and argon in the pressure range from 10−3 to 104 Pa. For air, loss reduction sets in at 100 Pa, whereas at 0.1 Pa heat conduction is almost completely suppressed. Using argon as filling gas, gas conduction is reduced by 30 percent (compared to air) at moderate interior pressures of 1000 Pa. With decreasing pressure this reduction is even greater (50 percent reduction at 10 Pa). A theory was developed to calculate thermal losses by gas conduction in an EFPC: Fourier’s stationary heat conduction equation was solved numerically (method of finite differences) for the special geometry of the collector. From kinetic gas theory a formula for the pressure dependency of the thermal conductivity was derived covering the entire pressure range. The theory has been validated experimentally for the gases air and argon. Calculations for krypton and xenon show a possible gas conduction loss reduction of 60–70 percent and 75–85 percent (with respect to air, depending on gas pressure), corresponding to a reduction of the overall collector losses of up to 40 percent.

scholarly journals A Theory for Wake-Induced Transition

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Mayle ◽  
K. Dullenkopf
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Free Stream ◽  
Plate Boundary ◽  
Transition Model ◽  
Model Comparisons ◽  
Turbulent Wakes ◽  
Flat Plate Boundary Layer

A theory for transition from laminar to turbulent flow as the result of unsteady, periodic passing of turbulent wakes in the free stream is developed using Emmons’ transition model. Comparisons made to flat plate boundary layer measurements and airfoil heat transfer measurements confirm the theory.

Aerodynamic Interference of Cascade Blades in Synchronized Oscillation

1955 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-508
Author(s):  
Chieh-Chien Chang ◽  
Wen-Hwa Chu
Keyword(s):  
Hypergeometric Functions ◽  
Aerodynamic Load ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Harmonic Oscillations ◽  
Wake Interference ◽  
Reduced Frequency ◽  
Inaccurate Estimation ◽  
Aerodynamic Interference ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Single Oscillation

Abstract The failure of a compressor is sometimes due to flutter of the blades. Essentially, this problem is equivalent to a cascade in oscillation. The present analysis is to find the aerodynamic load on cascade in synchronized harmonic oscillations, pitching, and flapping. Conformal mapping is used. Two characteristic parameters are involved in the force and moment. One is μ which is related to the gap-chord ratio. The other is k which is known as reduced frequency. The main results are expressed in terms of these two parameters. Most can be reduced to closed form. The rest are given in graphs. The wake interference involves one new function C(μ,k) which is related to a ratio of two hypergeometric functions and which reduces to Theodorsen’s function C(k) in the limit of infinite gap. In a certain range of frequency and gap-chord ratio, the analysis shows quantitatively that single-oscillation airfoil theory may lead to inaccurate estimation of interference effect between blades.

Transient Heat Transfer for Turbulent Flow Over a Flat Plate of Appreciable Thermal Capacity and Containing Time-Dependent Heat Source

1967 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Soliman ◽  
H. A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Thermal Capacity ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Approximate Analysis ◽  
Heat Generation Rate ◽  
Theory And Experiments

An approximate analysis and experimental data are presented for the transient mean wall temperature of a flat plate of appreciable thermal capacity, heated by a step in the heat generation rate and cooled on both sides by a steady, incompressible turbulent flow with a Prandtl number of unity. Theory and experiments are in agreement over a range of Reynolds numbers 5 × 105 ≤ ReL ≤ 2 × 106. The experimental mean heat transfer coefficient is observed to go through a dip to a minimum before reaching the steady state. This dip is found to be due to the conjunction of a large wall thermal capacity and a sufficiently high flow velocity.

Measurements with a pulsed-wire and a hot-wire anemometer in the highly turbulent wake of a normal flat plate

1976 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. S. Bradbury
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Turbulent Intensity ◽  
Hot Wire ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Better Than

This paper describes an investigation into the response of both the pulsed-wire anemometer and the hot-wire anemometer in a highly turbulent flow. The first part of the paper is concerned with a theoretical study of some aspects of the response of these instruments in a highly turbulent flow. It is shown that, under normal operating conditions, the pulsed-wire anemometer should give mean velocity and longitudinal turbulent intensity estimates to an accuracy of better than 10% without any restriction on turbulence level. However, to attain this accuracy in measurements of turbulent intensities normal to the mean flow direction, there is a lower limit on the turbulent intensity of about 50%. An analysis is then carried out of the behaviour of the hot-wire anemometer in a highly turbulent flow. It is found that the large errors that are known to develop are very sensitive to the precise structure of the turbulence, so that even qualitative use of hot-wire data in such flows is not feasible. Some brief comments on the possibility of improving the accuracy of the hot-wire anemometer are then given.The second half of the paper describes some comparative measurements in the highly turbulent flow immediately downstream of a normal flat plate. It is shown that, although it is not possible to interpret the hot-wire results on their own, it is possible to calculate the hot-wire response with a surprising degree of accuracy using the results from the pulsed-wire anemometer. This provides a rather indirect but none the less welcome check on the accuracy of the pulsed-wire results, which, in this very highly turbulent flow, have a certain interest in their own right.

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