Exergetic Comparison of Two KRW-Based IGCC Power Plants

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tsatsaronis ◽  
T. Tawfik ◽  
L. Lin ◽  
D. T. Gallaspy
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Gas Cooling ◽  
Integrated Gasification ◽  
Cold Gas

In studies supported by the U.S. Department of Energy and the Electric Power Research Institute, several design configurations of Kellogg-Rust-Westinghouse (KRW)-based Integrated Gasification-Combined-Cycle (IGCC) power plants were developed. Two of these configurations are compared here from the exergetic viewpoint. The first design configuration (case 1) uses an air-blown KRW gasifier and hot gas cleanup while the second configuration (reference case) uses an oxygen-blown KRW gasifier and cold gas cleanup. Each case uses two General Electric MS7001F advanced combustion turbines. The exergetic comparison identifies the causes of performance difference between the two cases: differences in the exergy destruction of the gasification system, the gas turbine system, and the gas cooling process, as well as differences in the exergy loss accompanying the solids to disposal stream. The potential for using (a) oxygen-blown versus air-blown-KRW gasifiers, and (b) hot gas versus cold gas cleanup processes was evaluated. The results indicate that, among the available options, an oxygen-blown KRW gasifier using in-bed desulfurization combined with an optimized hot gas cleanup process has the largest potential for providing performance improvements.

Exergoeconomic Evaluation of a KRW-Based IGCC Power Plant

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tsatsaronis ◽  
L. Lin ◽  
T. Tawfik ◽  
D. T. Gallaspy
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Steam Generation ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Advanced Combustion ◽  
Integrated Gasification ◽  
The Cost

In a study supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, several design configurations of Kellogg-Rust-Westinghouse (KRW)-based Integrated Gasification-Combined-Cycle (IGCC) power plants were developed. One of these configurations was analyzed from the exergoeconomic (thermoeconomic) viewpoint. This design configuration uses an air-blown KRW gasifier, hot gas cleanup, and two General Electric MS7001F advanced combustion turbines. Operation at three different gasification temperatures was considered. The detailed exergoeconomic evaluation identified several changes for improving the cost effectiveness of this IGCC design configuration. These changes include the following: decreasing the gasifier operating temperature, enhancing the high-pressure steam generation in the gasification island, improving the efficiency of the steam cycle, and redesigning the entire heat exchanger network. Based on the cost information supplied by the M. W. Kellogg Company, an attempt was made to calculate the economically optimal exergetic efficiency for some of the most important plant components.

A Technoeconomic Comparison of IGCC Power Plants With Cold Gas Cleanup and Hot Gas Cleanup Units Using Indian Coals

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Rao ◽  
J. Neelima ◽  
G. Srikanth
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Clean Coal ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Power Block ◽  
Cold Gas

Bulk of CO2 emission comes from thermal power generation, which constitutes about 63% of total installed capacity of around 101.6 GWe. The policy makers and power utilities are increasingly favoring the introduction of clean coal technologies, which release less pollutants viz. CO2, NOx and SOx than the conventional thermal plants and have potential to operate at higher efficiencies above 42–44%. Among the clean coal technologies, Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) is being considered the most promising because of higher thermal efficiencies and improved environmental performance. IGCC has the added advantage of removing sulphur pollutants in bed using sorbent as against expensive external post combustion flue gas desulphurisation systems. It is proposed to set up 100MWe-demonstration plant for proving the emission standards and performance prior to commercialization. This plant is based on Frame 6 FA gas turbine designed for low Btu gas firing. The Paper presents the technical parameters and compares the overall project cost of 100MWe IGCC plant for both Cold gas cleanup unit (CGCU) and Hot gas cleanup unit (HGCU), which comprises of Gasification Island, power block, and balance of plant. Being first of kind the project cost is higher and the project cost is likely to get reduced for utility scale of 425 MW IGCC plants in future.

Comparison of Preanode and Postanode Carbon Dioxide Separation for IGFC Systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Liese
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Integrated Gasification ◽  
Cold Gas

This paper examines the arrangement of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) within a coal gasification cycle, this combination generally being called an integrated gasification fuel cell cycle. This work relies on a previous study performed by the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) that details thermodynamic simulations of integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) systems and considers various gasifier types and includes cases for 90% CO2 capture (2007, “Cost and Performance Baseline for Fossil Energy Plants, Vol. 1: Bituminous Coal and Natural Gas to Electricity,” National Energy Technology Laboratory Report No. DOE/NETL-2007/1281). All systems in this study assume a Conoco Philips gasifier and cold-gas clean up conditions for the coal gasification system (Cases 3 and 4 in the NETL IGCC report). Four system arrangements, cases, are examined. Cases 1 and 2 remove the CO2 after the SOFC anode. Case 3 assumes steam addition, a water-gas-shift (WGS) catalyst, and a Selexol process to remove the CO2 in the gas cleanup section, sending a hydrogen-rich gas to the fuel cell anode. Case 4 assumes Selexol in the cold-gas cleanup section as in Case 3; however, there is no steam addition, and the WGS takes places in the SOFC and after the anode. Results demonstrate significant efficiency advantages compared with IGCC with CO2 capture. The hydrogen-rich case (Case 3) has better net electric efficiency compared with typical postanode CO2 capture cases (Cases 1 and 2), with a simpler arrangement but at a lower SOFC power density, or a lower efficiency at the same power density. Case 4 gives an efficiency similar to Case 3 but also at a lower SOFC power density. Carbon deposition concerns are also discussed.

scholarly journals Development of Ceramic Composite Hot-Gas Filters

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roddie R. Judkins ◽  
David P. Stinton ◽  
Robert G. Smith ◽  
Edward M. Fischer ◽  
Joseph H. Eaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Ceramic Fiber ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
The Status ◽  
Integrated Gasification ◽  
Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion

A novel type of hot-gas filter based on a ceramic fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix was developed and extended to full-size, 60-mm OD by 1.5-meter-long, candle filters. A commercially viable process for producing the filters was developed, and the filters are undergoing testing and demonstration throughout the world for applications in pressurized fluidized-bed combustion (PFBC) and integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plants. Development activities at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and at the 3M Company, and testing at the Westinghouse Science and Technology Center (STC) are presented. Demonstration tests at the Tidd PFBC are in progress. Issues identified during the testing and demonstration phases of the development are discussed. Resolution of the issues identified during testing and the status of commercialization of the filters are described.

Design and Test of a 73-MW Water Cooled Gas Turbine

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Caruvana ◽  
R. S. Rose ◽  
E. D. Alderson ◽  
G. A. Cincotta
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Critical Technology ◽  
Component Development ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Integrated Gasification ◽  
Future Plans

This paper presents a preliminary design of a water-cooled gas turbine capable of operating on coal derived fuels and producing 73 MW when burning low Btu coal gas. Particular emphasis is placed on the critical technology issues of combustion and heat transfer at 2600 deg firing temperature. The recent technology developments; i.e., materials developments, composite construction, water cooling, fuels cleanup, etc., which now make this advanced concept possible are discussed. Detailed descriptions of the hot gas path components, the staged sectoral combustor, the water cooled nozzles and buckets, are described showing the implementation of these recent developments. The component development test program which is underway, is described and where testing results are available, design confirmation is demonstrated. Future plans for the construction of a full scale prototype machine and for design verification testing are presented. An analytical evaluation is included which demonstrates the advantages of the water-cooled gas turbine in an integrated gasification combined cycle.

Conjugate Simulation of the Effects of Oxide Formation in Effusion Cooling Holes on Cooling Effectiveness

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Bohn ◽  
Robert Krewinkel
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Flow Area ◽  
Cooling Effectiveness ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Barrier Coating ◽  
Cooling Hole

Within Collaborative Research Center 561 “Thermally Highly Loaded, Porous and Cooled Multi-Layer Systems for Combined Cycle Power Plants” at RWTH Aachen University an effusion-cooled multi-layer plate configuration with seven staggered effusion cooling holes is investigated numerically by application of a 3-D in-house fluid flow and heat transfer solver, CHTflow. The effusion-cooling is realized by finest drilled holes with a diameter of 0.2 mm that are shaped in the region of the thermal barrier coating. Oxidation studies within SFB 561 have shown that a corrosion layer of several oxides with a thickness of appoximately 20μm grows from the CMSX-4 substrate into the cooling hole. The goal of this work is to investigate the effect this has on the cooling effectiveness, which has to be quantified prior to application of this novel cooling technology in real gas turbines. In order to do this, the influence on the aerodynamics of the flow in the hole, on the hot gas flow and the cooling effectiveness on the surface and in the substrate layer are discussed. The adverse effects of corrosion on the mechanical strength are not a part of this study. A hot gas Mach-number of 0.25 and blowing ratios of approximately 0.28 and 0.48 are considered. The numerical grid contains the coolant supply (plenum), the solid body for the conjugate calculations and the main flow area on the plate. It is shown that the oxidation layer does significantly affect the flow field in the cooling holes and on the plate, but the cooling effectiveness differs only slightly from the reference case. This seems to justify modelling the holes without taking account of the oxidation.

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