Current Status of 300 kW Industrial Ceramic Gas Turbine R&D in Japan

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Honjo ◽  
R. Hashimoto ◽  
H. Ogiyama
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Basic Metal ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Test Conditions

This paper gives an overview of the current status of Japan’s national industrial ceramic gas turbine (CGT) project. The goals are 42 percent and higher thermal efficiency at the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C, and the emission from the exhaust gas should meet the regulatory values (for example, 70 ppm for NOx). Also, ceramic material properties have the goals of 400 MPa for the minimum guaranteed strength at 1500°C, and 15 MPam for the fracture toughness. Currently, the basic metal gas turbine of TIT 900°C with all metallic components has already been fabricated and is running under some test conditions. The design of the basic ceramic gas turbine of TIT 1200°C has been completed and its manufacture is in progress. Research is addressing the production of large, complicated ceramic parts, and parts with less deformation and fewer defects can now be produced.

Current Status of 300kW Industrial Ceramic Gas Turbine R&D in Japan

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoru Honjo ◽  
Ryosaku Hashimoto ◽  
Hisao Ogiyama
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Basic Metal ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Test Conditions

This paper gives an overview of the current status of Japan’s national industrial ceramic gas turbine (CGT) project. The goals are 42% and higher thermal efficiency at the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C, and the emission from the exhaust gas should meet the regulatory values (for example, 70ppm for NOx). Also, ceramic material properties have the goals of 400 MPa for the minimum guaranteed strength at 1500°C, and 15 MPa m for the fracture toughness. Currently, the basic metal gas turbine of TIT 900°C with all metallic components has already been fabricated and is running under some test conditions. The design of the basic ceramic gas turbine of TIT 1200°C has been completed and its manufacture is in progress. Research is addressing the production of large, complicated ceramic parts, and parts which have less deformation and defects can now be produced.

Current Status of 300 kW Class Industrial Ceramic Gas Turbine R&D in Japan

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuki Murayama ◽  
Kunihiro Nagata ◽  
Masanobu Taki ◽  
Hisao Ogiyama
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
New Energy

Advanced technologies in Ceramics Gas Turbine (CGT) are expected to make a great progress in energy conservation, anti-pollution, and fuel-diversification. In Japan, R&D’s in industrial usage 300 kW class CGT have been advanced under a national project entitled “New Sunshine Program”, under the subsidy of Agency of Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) through the period of FY1988–1996. In this project, three different type prototypes of the CGT are under development through New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). Over the last six years, the basic designs have been completed and the ceramic elements such as turbine rotors, scrolls, and combustors were successfully fabricated. To check up the whole progress of the project, an interim evaluation is scheduled by the end of FY1993. Toward this evaluation, each prototype has been programmed to demonstrate 1200°C of Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) and prove more than 30% of thermal efficiency. (The ultimate target in the project is 42% of thermal efficiency at 1350°C TIT.) They would also show enough environmental adaptability. In this paper, overall status of the development in the 300kW CGT project is reviewed and the items in the interim evaluation are explained.

scholarly journals Current Status of Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT302)

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotake Kobayashi ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsumi ◽  
Takashi Nakashima ◽  
Isashi Takehara ◽  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
New Energy

In Japan, from the point of view of energy saving and environmental protection, a 300kW Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) Research and Development program started in 1988 and is still continuing as a part of “the New Sunshine Project” promoted by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITT). The final target of the program is to achieve 42% thermal efficiency at 1350°C of turbine inlet temperature (TIT) and to keep NOx emissions below present national regulations. Under contract to the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI) has been developing the CGT302 with Kyocera Corporation and Sumitomo Precision Products Co., Ltd. By the end of the fiscal year 1996, the CGT302 achieved 37.0% thermal efficiency at 1280°C of TIT. In 1997, TIT reached 1350°C and a durability operation for 20 hours at 1350°C was conducted successfully. Also fairly low NOx was proved at 1300°C of TIT. In January 1998, the CGT302 has achieved 37.4% thermal efficiency at 1250°C TIT. In this paper, we will describe our approaches to the target performance of the CGT302 and current status.

Proposal of Innovative Gas Turbine Combined Cycle Power Generation System

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideto Moritsuka
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Power Generation System

In order to estimate the possibility to improve thermal efficiency of power generation use gas turbine combined cycle power generation system, benefits of employing the advanced gas turbine technologies proposed here have been made clear based on the recently developed 1500C-class steam cooling gas turbine and 1300C-class reheat cycle gas turbine combined cycle power generation systems. In addition, methane reforming cooling method and NO reducing catalytic reheater are proposed. Based on these findings, the Maximized efficiency Optimized Reheat cycle Innovative Gas Turbine Combined cycle (MORITC) Power Generation System with the most effective combination of advanced technologies and the new devices have been proposed. In case of the proposed reheat cycle gas turbine with pressure ratio being 55, the high pressure turbine inlet temperature being 1700C, the low pressure turbine inlet temperature being 800C, combined with the ultra super critical pressure, double reheat type heat recovery Rankine cycle, the thermal efficiency of combined cycle are expected approximately 66.7% (LHV, generator end).

Micro Gas Turbine With Ceramic Nozzles and Rotor: Part 2

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiko Iki ◽  
Takahiro Inoue ◽  
Takayuki Matsunuma ◽  
Hiro Yoshida ◽  
Satoshi Sodeoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Metal Combustion ◽  
Jet Engine ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Inlet

In order to develop a micro gas turbine with high turbine inlet temperature and thermal efficiency, a series of running tests has been carried out. J-850 jet engine (Sophia Precision Co., Ltd.) was chosen as a baseline machine. The turbine nozzle and the rotor are replaced by type SN-01 (Otsuka Ceramics Co., Ltd.) and type SN-235 (Kyocera Corporation) ceramic elements, respectively. By using type 3a engine, we succeeded one-hour running test of the engine without cooling and severe damages. The turbine inlet temperature was higher than 1000 °C. The rotating speed was about 120,000 rpm. Performances of the type 3a engine (with ceramic nozzle and rotor) and the type 1 (with Inconel alloy nozzle and ceramic rotor) were compared as follows: At the same rotation speed, turbine inlet temperature of the type 3a became higher than that of the type 1. Simultaneously, fuel consumption of type 3a was larger than that of the type 1. Thrust of the type 3a was slightly larger than that of the type 1. Those results imply that the thermal efficiency of type 3a is slightly, 2%, lower than that of the type 1. The present sealing configurations between ceramic nozzle-vanes and their holder plate and ceramic rotor-housing and metal combustion chamber were found to work well.

Effects of Steam Injection on the Performance of Gas Turbine Power Cycles

1979 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Fraize ◽  
C. Kinney
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Thermodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Determine Effect

The effect of injecting steam generated by exhaust gas waste heat into a gas turbine with 3060°R turbine inlet temperature has been analyzed. Two alternate steam injection cycles are compared with a combined cycle using a conventional steam bottoming cycle. A range of compression ratios (8, 12, 16, and 20) and water mass injection ratios (0 to 0.4) were analyzed to determine effect on net turbine power output per pound of air and cycle thermodynamic efficiency. A water/fuel cost tradeoff analysis is also provided. The results indicate promising performance and economic advantages of steam injected cycles relative to more conventional utility power cycles. Application to coal-fired configuration is briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Cycle-Tempo Simulation of Ultra-Micro Gas Turbine Fueled by Producer Gas Resulting from Leaf Waste Gasification

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Fajri Vidian ◽  
◽  
Putra Anugrah Peranginangin ◽  
Muhamad Yulianto ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Waste Gasification

Leaf waste has the potential to be converted into energy because of its high availability both in the world and Indonesia. Gasification is a conversion technology that can be used to convert leaves into producer gas. This gas can be used for various applications, one of which is using it as fuel for gas turbines, including ultra-micro gas ones, which are among the most popular micro generators of electric power at the time. To minimize the risk of failure in the experiment and cost, simulation is used. To simulate the performance of gas turbines, the thermodynamic analysis tool called Cycle-Tempo is used. In this study, Cycle-Tempo was used for the zero-dimensional thermodynamic simulation of an ultra-micro gas turbine operated using producer gas as fuel. Our research contributions are the simulation of an ultra-micro gas turbine at a lower power output of about 1 kWe and the use of producer gas from leaf waste gasification as fuel in a gas turbine. The aim of the simulation is to determine the influence of air-fuel ratio on compressor power, turbine power, generator power, thermal efficiency, turbine inlet temperature and turbine outlet temperature. The simulation was carried out on condition that the fuel flow rate of 0.005 kg/s is constant, the maximum air flow rate is 0.02705 kg/s, and the air-fuel ratio is in the range of 1.55 to 5.41. The leaf waste gasification was simulated before, by using an equilibrium constant to get the composition of producer gas. The producer gas that was used as fuel had the following molar fractions: about 22.62% of CO, 18.98% of H2, 3.28% of CH4, 10.67% of CO2 and 44.4% of N2. The simulation results show that an increase in air-fuel ratio resulted in turbine power increase from 1.23 kW to 1.94 kW. The generator power, thermal efficiency, turbine inlet temperature and turbine outlet temperature decreased respectively from 0.89 kWe to 0.77 kWe; 3.17% to 2.76%; 782 °C to 379 °C and 705°C to 304 °C. The maximums of the generator power and thermal efficiency of 0.89 kWe and 3.17%, respectively, were obtained at the 1.55 air-fuel ratio. The generator power and thermal efficiency are 0.8 kWe and 2.88%, respectively, with the 4.64 air-fuel ratio or 200% excess air. The result of the simulation matches that of the experiment described in the literature.

Influence of Operation Conditions and Ambient Temperature on Performance of Gas Turbine Power Plant

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 3007-3013 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Rahman ◽  
Thamir K. Ibrahim ◽  
K. Kadirgama ◽  
R. Mamat ◽  
Rosli A. Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

This paper presents the effect of ambient temperature and operation conditions (compression ratio, turbine inlet temperature, air to fuel ratio and efficiency of compressor and turbine) on the performance of gas turbine power plant. The computational model was developed utilizing the MATLAB codes. Turbine work found to be decreases as ambient temperature increases as well as the thermal efficiency decreases. It can be seen that the thermal efficiency increases linearly with increases of compression ratio while decreases of ambient temperature. The specific fuel consumption increases with increases of ambient temperature and lower turbine inlet temperature. The effect of variation of SFC is more significance at higher ambient temperature than lower temperature. It is observed that the thermal efficiency linearly increases at lower compressor ratio as well as higher turbine inlet temperature until certain value of compression ratio. The variation of thermal efficiency is more significance at higher compression ratio and lower turbine inlet temperature. Even though at lower turbine inlet temperature is decrement the thermal efficiency dramatically and the SFC decreases linearly with increases of compression ratio and turbine inlet temperature at lower range until certain value then increases dramatically for lower turbine inlet temperature.

Performance Evaluation of Multi-Stage SOFC and Gas Turbine Combined Systems

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kousuke Nishida ◽  
Toshimi Takagi ◽  
Shinichi Kinoshita ◽  
Tadashi Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Power Generation Systems

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and gas turbine hybrid power generation systems have gained more and more attention with regard to the development of the high performance distributed energy systems. The SOFC can be combined with a gas turbine because the SOFC operating temperature of about 1000°C matches the turbine inlet temperature. In this study, we proposed the multi-stage type SOFC/GT combined system and compared the system performance of it with that of other combined systems using the thermal efficiency and exergy evaluation. It is noted that the thermal efficiency of the 3-stage type SOFC/GT combined system can reach more than 70% (HHV) at low pressure ratio.

Research and Development of Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT302)

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isashi Takehara ◽  
Isao Inobe ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsumi ◽  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa ◽  
Hirotake Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Components

The ongoing Japanese Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) project, as a part of the New Sunshine Project funded by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), aims to achieve higher efficiency, lower pollutant emission, and multi-fuel capability for small to medium sized gas turbine engines to be used in co-generation systems. The final target of this project is to achieve a thermal efficiency over 42% at a turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C. Under this project, Kawasaki Heavy Industries (KHI) is developing the CGT302 (a regenerative twin-spool CGT). The CGT302 has several unique features as follows: simple-shaped ceramic components, KHI’s original binding system for turbine nozzle segments, stress-free structure using ceramic springs and rings, etc. In addition to these features, a high turbine tip speed and a metal plate fin recuperator were adopted. At the end of the fiscal year 1994, an intermediate appraisal was carried out, and the CGT302 was recognized to have successfully achieved its target. The CGT302 endurance test at the intermediate stage required 20 hours’ operation of the basic ceramic engine. The actual testing accomplished 40 hours at over 1200°C TIT, which included 30 hours of operation without disassembling. The target thermal efficiency of 30% at 1200°C has almost been reached, 29.2% having been achieved. In 1995 the CGT302 recorded successfully 33.1% at 1190°C of TIT with no trouble. We will introduce the current status of R&D of the CGT302 and its unique features in this paper.

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