Multihull and Surface-Effect Ship Configuration Design: A Framework for Powering Minimization

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Yeung ◽  
Hui Wan
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Total Displacement ◽  
Surface Effect Ship ◽  
Linearized Theory ◽  
Air Cushion ◽  
New Formula ◽  
Analytical Expressions

The powering issue of a high-speed marine vehicle with multihulls and air-cushion support is addressed, since there is an often need to quickly evaluate the effects of several configuration parameters in the early stage of the design. For component hulls with given geometry, the parameters considered include the relative locations of individual hulls and the relative volumetric ratios. Within the realm of linearized theory, an interference-resistance expression for hull-to-hull interaction is first reviewed, and then a new formula for hull-and-pressure distribution interference is derived. Each of these analytical expressions is expressed in terms of the Fourier signatures or Kochin functions of the interacting component hulls, with the separation, stagger, and speed as explicit parameters. Based on this framework, an example is given for assessing the powering performance of a catamaran (dihull) as opposed to a tetrahull system. Also examined is the wave resistance of a surface-effect ship of varying cushion support in comparison with that of a base line catamaran, subject to the constraint of constant total displacement.

Multi-Hull Configuration Design: A Framework for Powering Minimization

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Yeung ◽  
Hui Wan
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Total Displacement ◽  
Surface Effect Ship ◽  
Linearized Theory ◽  
New Formula ◽  
Analytical Expressions ◽  
Marine Vehicle ◽  
Resistance Expression

The powering issue of a high-speed marine vehicle with multi-hulls is addressed, since there is an often need to quickly evaluate the effects of several configuration parameters in the early stage of ship design. For component hulls with given geometry, the parameters considered include the relative locations of individual hulls and the relative volumetric ratios. Within the realm of linearized theory, an interference resistance expression for hull-to-hull interaction is first reviewed, and then a new formula for hull-and-pressure distribution interference is derived. Each of these analytical expressions is expressed in terms of the Fourier signatures or Kochin functions of the interacting components, with the separation, stagger, and speed as explicit parameters. Based on this framework, examples are given for assessing the performance of a di-hull as opposed to a tetra-hull system. Also examined is the wave resistance generated by a Surface-Effect Ship (SES) in comparison with that by a baseline catamaran, subject to the constraint of constant total displacement.

Optimum Structural Design of High-Speed Surface Effect Ships Built of Composite Materials

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (01) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Chang Doo Jang ◽  
Ho Kyung Kim ◽  
Ha Cheol Song
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Optimum Structural Design ◽  
Surface Effect Ship ◽  
Speed Performance

A surface effect ship is known to be comparable to a high-speed ship. For the structural design of surface effect ships, advanced design methods are needed which can reflect the various loading conditions different from those of conventional ships. Also, minimum weight design is essential because hull weight significantly affects the lift, thrust powering and high-speed performance. This paper presents the procedure of optimum structural design and a computer program to minimize the hull weight of surface effect ships built of composite materials. By using the developed computer program, the optimum structural designs for three types of surface effect ships—built of sandwich plate only, stiffened single skin plate only, and both plates—are carried out and the efficiency of each type is investigated in terms of weight. The computer program, developed herein, successfully reduced the hull weight of surface effect ships by 15–30% compared with the original design. Numerical results of optimum structural designs are presented and discussed.

An Analysis of Heave Added Mass and Damping of a Surface-Effect Ship

1981 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 44-61
Author(s):  
C. H. Kim ◽  
S. Tsakonas
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Added Mass ◽  
Damping Coefficients ◽  
Calm Water ◽  
Surface Effect Ship ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Computational Procedures

The analysis presents a practical method for evaluating the added-mass and damping coefficients of a heaving surface-effect ship in uniform translation. The theoretical added-mass and damping coefficients and the heave response show fair agreement with the corresponding experimental values. Comparisons of the coupled aero-hydrodynamic and uncoupled analytical results with the experimental data prove that the uncoupled theory, dominant for a long time, that neglects the free-surface effects is an oversimplified procedure. The analysis also provides means of estimating the wave elevation of the free surface, the escape area at the stern and the volume which are induced by a heaving surface-effect ship in uniform translation in otherwise calm water. Computational procedures have been programmed in the FORTRAN IV language and adapted to the PDP-10 high-speed digital computer.

Radiation Hydrodynamics of a Surface Effect Ship

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palaniswamy Ananthakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Large Amplitude ◽  
Small Amplitude ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Absolute Pressure ◽  
Radiation Hydrodynamics ◽  
Surface Effect Ship ◽  
Air Cushion

The radiation hydrodynamics of a heaving surface effect ship (SES) is examined including the effect of air compressibility on the hydrodynamic forces and surface waves. Of particular focus of the study has been on determining the nonlinear viscous and air compressibility effects at natural frequencies corresponding to the piston and sloshing wave modes between the hulls and at the natural frequency corresponding to the heave motion of a surface effect ship with the restoring force dominated by the compressibility of the air cushion. In the present paper, the air cushion pressure is assumed to be uniform with its variation due to change of volume modeled using the adiabatic gas law pVγ = constant, where p denotes the absolute pressure of the air, V the air volume bounded by the side hulls, the free surface and the wet deck, and γ the ratio of specific heats Cp/Cv which is about 1.4 for air. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations governing the nonlinear viscous wave-air-body interaction problem is solved in the time domain using a finite-difference method based on boundary fitted coordinates. New results presented in this paper show that air cushion compressibility affects the generation of waves and wave radiation forces significantly even at small amplitude of hull motion. As already well known, the free surface nonlinearity due to hull motion is significant for large amplitude of oscillation. At small amplitude of body oscillation, significant nonlinearity can be caused by air compressibility resulting in the generation of higher harmonic waves and forces. The results also highlight the significance of viscosity and flow separation, in conjunction with air compressibility, in the case of large amplitude hull motion with a small draft.

Comparison of Single and Overset Grid Techniques for CFD Simulations of a Surface Effect Ship

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colton G. Clark ◽  
David G. Lyons ◽  
Wayne L. Neu
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Overset Grid ◽  
Hexahedral Mesh ◽  
Surface Effect Ship ◽  
Mesh Resolution ◽  
Refined Meshes ◽  
Air Cushion

Overset, or Chimera meshes are used to discretize the governing equations within a computational domain using multiple meshes that overlap in an arbitrary manner. The overset mesh technique is most applicable to problems dealing with multiple or moving bodies. In order to extend existing full craft CFD (RANS) simulations of a surface effect ship (SES) into shallow water and maneuvering cases, an overset mesh is needed. Deep water simulations were carried out using both single and overset grid techniques for evaluation of the overset grid application. The single grid technique applies a hexahedral mesh to the fluid domain and SES geometry. An adequate mesh resolution was determined by performing a grid convergence study on a series of systematically refined meshes. An overset mesh of the same resolution was then constructed and was fixed to the body. Drag and pitch results are compared among the two simulations. Free surface elevations around the craft and under the air cushion for simulations with the single and overset meshes are compared. Steady-state simulations using the overset mesh and the single mesh show general similarities in drag, pitch, and free surface elevations.

Jets, Props and Air Cushions: Propulsion Technology and Surface Effect Ships

1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Skolnick ◽  
Z. G. Wachnik
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Broad Scope ◽  
The Status ◽  
Air Cushion

Following a brief review of the background and formulation of the jointly sponsored Navy/Commerce Department’s Surface Effect Ships (SES) Program, the paper offers a broad scope presentation on propulsion for SES, e.g., waterjets, supercavitating propellers, and lift fans. The problems associated with establishing the feasibility of successful designs and construction of such ships are considered, the status of development assessed and the efforts still remaining accordingly” defined. The paper deals primarily with the propulsion considerations of high speed ships using the air cushion principle in combination with vestigial rigid sidewall design.

scholarly journals Roll damping of a surface effect ship with split air cushion

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (29) ◽  
pp. 450-456
Author(s):  
Jonas Tønnessen ◽  
Håkon E. Bryn ◽  
Jan T. Gravdahl ◽  
Vahid Hassani ◽  
Øyvind F. Auestad
Keyword(s):  
Surface Effect ◽  
Roll Damping ◽  
Surface Effect Ship ◽  
Air Cushion

Air Cushion Vehicles and Surface Effect Ships for Great Lakes and Great Rivers Transportation

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (06) ◽  
pp. 337-355
Author(s):  
John L. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Surface Effect Ship ◽  
Present Design ◽  
Air Cushion ◽  
Hull Forms ◽  
The U.S

A brief introduction to air cushion vehicle (ACV) and surface effect ship (SES) technology is presented, with past and present examples, to show that this technology may now be considered mature. Applicability of ACVs and SESs to transportation on the Great Lakes and rivers of Canada and the U.S. is discussed, with some emphasis on year-round service in the regions affected by ice. An indication of present design capabilities is provided with some examples of application to typical sets of requirements. Future developments are outlined in the light of the rapid expansion of air-supported ferry operation in other parts of the world, and military and Coast Guard applications in the U.S. and Canada. Some data on acquisition and operating costs are presented in comparison with those for other hull forms, with information on the type of technical and port support required for ACV and SES operation. Numerous references are provided to enable the reader to pursue the topics discussed in greater detail than is possible in a short paper.

Full-scale Performance of the SES Motion Control System

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øyvind F. Auestad ◽  
J. William McFann ◽  
Jan T. Gravdahl
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Motion Control ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Motion Control System ◽  
Air Cushion

The pressurized air cushion on a Surface Effect Ship (SES) can lift up to 80% of total vessel mass. The SES Motion Control System (SES-MCS) controls the vent valves which again controls the air cushion pressure, assuming lift fan air flow is pressurizing the air cushion. By controlling the air cushion pressure one can significantly counteract vertical sea wave disturbances, ensure high passenger comfort and reduce sea-sickness. The case studied in this work is the Umoe Mandal Wave Craft prototype, ’Umoe Ventus’, which is a high-speed offshore wind-farm service vessel specially designed for control in the vertical plane. The SES-MCS can adjust the draft from 1m to 3.2m in less time than the wave period. The SES-MCS can reduce motions significantly in order to perform Operation and Maintenance (O&M) in high seas. The craft is the fastest wind-farm service vessel of its size with high comfort in all relevant sea states. The performance of the SES-MCS is demonstrated through full-scale sea trials.

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