Effective Thermomechanical Behavior of Plain-Weave Fabric-Reinforced Composites Using Homogenization Theory

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dasgupta ◽  
S. M. Bhandarkar
Keyword(s):  
Effective Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermomechanical Behavior ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Homogenization Theory ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Shear Moduli ◽  
Plain Weave ◽  
Weave Fabric

A micromechanical analysis is presented to obtain the effective macroscale orthotropic thermomechanical behavior of plain-weave fabric reinforced laminated composites based on a two-scale asymptotic homogenization theory. The model is based on the properties of the constituents and an accurate, three-dimensional simulation of the weave microarchitecture, and is used for predicting the thermomechanical behavior of glass-epoxy (FR-4) woven-fabric laminates typically used by the electronics industry in Multilayered Printed Wiring Boards (MLBs). Parametric studies are conducted to examine the effect of varying fiber volume fractions on constitutive properties. Nonlinear constitutive behavior due to matrix nonlinearity and post-damage behavior due to transverse yarn failure under in-plane uniaxial loads is then investigated. Numerical results obtained from the model show good agreement with experimental values and with data from the literature. This model may be utilized by material designers to design and manufacture fabric reinforced composites with tailored effective properties such as elastic moduli, shear moduli, Poisson’s ratio, and coefficients of thermal expansion.

Measurement and Prediction of Effective Thermal Conductivity for Woven Fabric Composites

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (08n09) ◽  
pp. 1808-1813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Seo Goo ◽  
Kyeongsik Woo
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Plain Weave ◽  
Woven Fabric Composites ◽  
Weave Fabric ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Fabric Composites ◽  
Thermal Conductivities

The current paper deals with the measurement and prediction of thermal conductivities for plain weave fabric composites. An experimental apparatus was setup to measure the temperature gradients from which the thermal conductivities were obtained. The thermal conductivities were also calculated using finite element analyses for plain weave unit cell models and then compared with experimental results. In addition, the effect of a phase shift and the fiber volume fraction in the tow on the thermal conductivities was addressed.

Ballistic impact performance and surface failure mechanisms of two-dimensional and three-dimensional woven p-aramid multi-layer fabrics for lightweight women ballistic vest applications

2019 ◽  
pp. 152808371986288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulat Alubel Abtew ◽  
François Boussu ◽  
Pascal Bruniaux ◽  
Carmen Loghin ◽  
Irina Cristian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Ballistic Impact ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Target Point ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Plain Weave ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Weave Fabric ◽  
Target Locations

This paper investigates the influences of woven fabric type, impact locations and number of layers on ballistic impact performances of target panels through trauma dimension and panel surface damage mechanisms for lightweight women ballistic vest design. Three panels with 30, 35 and 40 layers of two-dimensional plain weave and another two panels with 30 and 40 layers of three-dimensional warp interlock fabrics were prepared. The three-dimensional woven fabric was manufactured using automatic Dornier weaving machine, whereas the two-dimensional fabric (with similar p-aramid fibre type (Twaron®)) was received from the Teijin Company. The ballistic tests were carried out according to NIJ Standard-0101.06 Level IIIA. Based on the result, woven fabric construction type, number of layers and target locations were directed an upshot on the trauma measurement values of the tested target panels. For example, 40 layers of two-dimensional plain weave fabric panels show lower trauma measurement values as compared to its counterpart three-dimensional warp interlock fabric panels with similar layer number. Moreover, 40 layers of two-dimensional fabric panels revealed 47% and 39% trauma depth reduction as compared to panels with 30 layers of two-dimensional fabric panel in moulded (target point 1) and non-moulded (target point 6), respectively. Due to higher amount of primary yarn involvement, two-dimensional plain weave fabric panel face higher level of local surface damages but less severe and fibrillated yarns than three-dimensional warp interlock fabrics panels. Moreover, three-dimensional warp interlock fabric panels required higher number of layers compared to two-dimensional plain weave aramid fabrics to halt the projectiles. Similarly, based on the post-mortem analysis of projectile, higher projectile debris deformation was recorded for panels having higher number of layers for both types of fabrics at similar target locations.

An Analytical and Experimental Study of Strength and Failure Behavior of Plain Weave Composites

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Ito ◽  
Tsu-Wei Chou
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Random Phase ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Packing Fraction ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Laminate Composites ◽  
Plain Weave ◽  
Geometrical Characteristics

This paper analyzes the strengxth and failure behavior of plain weave composites. First, the geometrical characteristics of yarn shape, laminate stacking configuration, fiber volume fraction, and yarn packing fraction are investigated using three-dimensional geometrical models. Based on the geometrical characteristics, iso-strain approach is developed to predict elastic properties, stress distributions, and strengths under tensile loading. The laminate stacking configuration and fabric waviness ratio have significant influence on the composite failure behavior. Specimens of iso-phase, out-of-phase and random-phase laminate composites are prepared. The mathematical models developed are evaluated by microscopic observation and tensile tests.

Prediction of Electrical Properties of Plain-Weave Fabric Composites for Printed Wiring Board Design

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Agarwal ◽  
A. Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Loss Tangent ◽  
Effective Properties ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Effective Dielectric Constant ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Dielectric Constant And Loss

A mechanistic model is presented for predicting the effective dielectric constant and loss tangent of woven-fabric reinforced composites with low-loss constituents. A two-scale asymptotic homogenization scheme is used to predict the orthotropic effective properties. A three-dimensional unit-cell enclosing the characteristic periodic repeat pattern in the fabric weave is isolated and modeled mathematically. Electrostatic boundary value problems (BVP’s) are formulated in the unit-cell and are solved analytically to predict effective dielectric constant of the composite, using three-dimensional series-parallel reactance nets. Results are also verified numerically, using finite element methods. The effective dielectric constant and the effective loss tangent are then obtained, analogous to mechanical viscoelastic problems for low-loss materials. The predicted dielectric constant and loss tangent are compared with experimental results for E-glass/epoxy laminates. Frequency dependence of the effective dielectric constant and loss tangent is obtained from the corresponding behavior of the constituent materials. Trade-off studies are conducted to investigate the effect of the constituent material properties on orthotropic effective dielectric permittivity.

scholarly journals An Energy-Based Model of Longitudinal Splitting in Unidirectional Fiber-Reinforced Composites

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Oguni ◽  
G. Ravichandran
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Effective Properties ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Direction ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Unidirectional Fiber ◽  
Longitudinal Splitting

Unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites are often observed to fail in a longitudinal splitting mode in the fiber direction under far-field compressive loading with weak lateral confinement. An energy-based model is developed based on the principle of minimum potential energy and the evaluation of effective properties to obtain an analytical approximation to the critical stress for longitudinal splitting. The analytic estimate for the compressive strength is used to illustrate its dependence on material properties, surface energy, fiber volume fraction, fiber diameter, and lateral confining pressure. The predictions of the model show good agreement with available experimental data. [S0021-8936(00)02003-1]

Investigation into tensile strength of noncrimp three-dimensional orthogonal woven structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-218
Author(s):  
Shohreh Minapoor ◽  
Saeed Ajeli ◽  
Mahdi Salmani Tehrani
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Stress Wave Propagation ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Composite Reinforcements

Noncrimp three-dimensional orthogonal carbon weave is a specific type of three-dimensional woven fabric which is expected to have high performance as composite reinforcement. In this paper, two different orthogonal weaves in terms of carbon fiber tow type and binder yarns insertion density are produced, and a comprehensive study on the tensile strength of carbon composite reinforcements is conducted. The fiber volume fraction and mechanical performance are found to be affected by these two weave parameters. The fabric architecture changes due to different binder yarns’ insertion densities, influencing the stress wave propagation by preventing crack growth, thus leading to improve tensile strength of three-dimensional orthogonal reinforcement. Based on experimental weave parameters, a set of numerical compression tests are simulated by using a meso-scale finite element model. The results show that the model can predict the tensile strength of noncrimp three-dimensional orthogonal carbon composite reinforcements.

scholarly journals New Micromechanical Model for Predicting Biaxial Tensile Moduli of Plain Weave Fabric Composites

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangbo Bai ◽  
Junjiang Xiong ◽  
Qiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Biaxial Loading ◽  
Micromechanical Model ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Curved Beams ◽  
Energy Principle ◽  
New Model ◽  
Plain Weave ◽  
Biaxial Tensile ◽  
Weave Fabric

This paper addresses a new micromechanical model to predict biaxial tensile moduli of plain weave fabric (PWF) composites by considering the interaction between the orthogonal interlacing strands. The two orthogonal yarns in micromechanical unit cell (UC) were idealized as the curved beams with a path depicted by using sinusoidal shape functions. The biaxial tensile moduli of PWF composites were derived by means of the minimum total complementary potential energy principle founded on micromechanics. The biaxial tensile tests were respectively conducted on the RTM-made EW220/5284 PWF composites at five biaxial loading ratios of 0, 1, 2, 3 and ∞ to validate the new model. The predictions from the new model were compared with experimental data and good correlation was achieved between the predictions and actual experiments, demonstrating the practical and effective use of the proposed model. Using the new model, the biaxial tensile moduli of plain weave fabric (PWF) composites could be predicted based only on the properties of basic woven fabric.

Strength Anisotropy Estimation of Plain-Weave Fabrics by Pseudo-Continuum Model

2006 ◽  
Vol 306-308 ◽  
pp. 835-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Kuwazuru ◽  
Nobuhiro Yoshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Continuum Model ◽  
Uniaxial Extension ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Plain Weave ◽  
Weave Fabric ◽  
The Continuum ◽  
The Ideal

The anisotropy of the tensile strength of plain-weave fabric is numerically evaluated by the finite element simulations. The plain-weave fabrics show complicated deformation behavior that is quite different from that of the continuum. The mechanics of woven fabric is not sophisticated yet enough to evaluate the strength and fracture mechanism in arbitrary stress conditions. The opacity of the tensile strength significantly diminishes the material reliability for the advanced use of fabrics. This study addresses the ideal tensile strength in arbitrary directions by using the pseudo-continuum model, which we have proposed to predict the deformation behavior and fiber stresses of the plain-weave fabrics. In this study, the numerical simulations of uniaxial extension in various directions are carried out by one finite element subjected to ideally uniform deformation, and we predict the breaking loads and elongations corresponding to the ultimate strength of the fiber.

scholarly journals 2D woven/ 3D orthogonal Woven Non-crimp E-glass Fabric as Reinforcement in Epoxy Composites using Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion Molding

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 155892501701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhas Yeshwant Nayak ◽  
Srinivas Shenoy Heckadka ◽  
Ramakrishna Vikas Sadanand ◽  
Kapil Bharadwaj ◽  
Harsh Mukut Pokharna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
Resin Infusion ◽  
Plain Weave ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Weave Fabric ◽  
3D Orthogonal Woven ◽  
Laminar Shear

E-glass/Epoxy composites were fabricated using Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion Moulding (VARIM) in fiber weight fractions of 40%, 45%, 50% and 55 percent. E-glass fiber in the form of 2D plain woven fabric of 320 gsm and 3D orthogonal woven non-crimp fabric with 1830 gsm were considered for reinforcement. Mechanical properties including tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength and inter-laminar shear strength (ILSS) of both the composites were evaluated and compared to explore the possibility of 3D fabric as an alternative over the plain weave fabric. Improvement in mechanical properties was seen with increase in fiber content in both the composites. Results support the view that 3D orthogonal weave fabric can be used in lieu of plain weave fabric as it exhibited improved mechanical properties. Morphological studies were used to analyze the fracture mechanisms.

scholarly journals The Road to Improved Fiber-Reinforced 3D Printing Technology

Technologies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
S M Fijul Kabir ◽  
Kavita Mathur ◽  
Abdel-Fattah M. Seyam
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Polymer Distribution

Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is at the forefront of the disruptive innovations adding a new dimension in the material fabrication process with numerous design flexibilities. Especially, the ability to reinforce the plastic matrix with nanofiber, microfiber, chopped fiber and continuous fiber has put the technology beyond imagination in terms of multidimensional applications. In this technical paper, fiber and polymer filaments used by the commercial 3D printers to develop fiber-reinforced composites are characterized to discover the unknown manufacturing specifications such as fiber–polymer distribution and fiber volume fraction that have direct practical implications in determining and tuning composites’ properties and their applications. Additionally, the capabilities and limitations of 3D printing software to process materials and control print parameters in relation to print quality, structural integrity and properties of printed composites are discussed. The work in this paper aims to present constructive evaluation and criticism of the current technology along with its pros and cons in order to guide prospective users and 3D printing equipment manufacturers on improvements, as well as identify the potential avenues of development of the next generation 3D printed fiber-reinforced composites.

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