Role of Inclusions, Surface Roughness and Operating Conditions on Rolling Contact Fatigue

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ne´lias ◽  
M. L Dumont ◽  
F. Champiot ◽  
A. Vincent ◽  
D. Girodin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Normal Loading ◽  
Surface Finishes ◽  
Surface Distress

Tests have been performed on a two-disk machine in order to evaluate the role of inclusions, surface roughness and operating conditions on rolling contact fatigue of AISI 52100 and M50 bearing steels. Important parameters—such as nature and location of inclusions, small and large wavelengths of surface roughness, normal loading or sliding conditions—on crack initiation and propagation stages have been identified. The operating conditions have been selected to encompass typical jet engine applications. Tests have been carried out up to 4.2 GPa, for two different surface finishes. Surface distress and sub-surface damage which could result in catastrophic failure have been observed. Indeed, surface initiated deep spalling (observed at 3.5 GPa for unpolished surfaces and under rolling plus sliding conditions) as well as sub-surface initiated deep spalling (at 4.2 GPa for polished specimens) have been observed. Sub-surface micro-cracks were detected early and followed during some interrupted tests by the means of an ultrasonic echographic device. Results of our experiments are analyzed and discussed in relation to the rolling contact fatigue theories.

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation on Rolling Contact Fatigue of 52100 and M50 Steels Under EHL or Micro-EHL Conditions

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ne´lias ◽  
M.-L. Dumont ◽  
F. Couhier ◽  
G. Dudragne ◽  
L. Flamand
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Micro Cracks ◽  
Pure Rolling ◽  
Surface Distress

The purpose of this investigation is to clarify the role of roughness on rolling contact fatigue. Tests have been carried out on a two-disk machine, for two rolling bearing steels (52100 and M50), two surface roughnesses corresponding to EHL and micro-EHL conditions (two different surface finishing), three normal loadings (1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 GPa), and under pure rolling or rolling plus sliding conditions. No surface damage has been observed up to 50 106 cycles for tests with smooth specimens. Tests with rough specimens have produced a typical surface damage, called here surface distress, made of a large population of asperity-scale micro-cracks and micro-spalls. The paper describes the surface distress observed, such as micro-cracks and micro-spalls. Surface damages obtained are different for tests under pure rolling conditions and tests under rolling plus sliding conditions. Therefore, the role of the friction direction is underlined. A link is made between our experimental observations and calculations that have been carried out using a transient EHL model. The influence of an indent in a line contact, simulating a micro-spall, is studied. Surface pressure and associated sub-surface stress field are analyzed versus the sliding direction.

Influence of Solid Contaminants on the Fatigue Life of Lubricated Machine Elements

2006 ◽  
Vol 220 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Ville ◽  
S Coulon ◽  
A. A. Lubrecht
Keyword(s):  
Surface Defect ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Damage Initiation ◽  
Process Creation ◽  
Rolling Element ◽  
Machine Elements

Solid contamination of lubricants is one of the main causes of premature rolling contact fatigue of machine elements (e.g. rolling element bearings in automotive gearboxes). Understanding the indentation process (creation of surface defect by debris passing through the contact) and the surface damage initiation allows the prediction of the induced risk. This article summarizes the work of the authors and proposes a risk prediction on the basis of operating conditions and dent geometry.

scholarly journals Rolling Contact Fatigue Life of Case−Hardened Steel Treated by Shot Peenings with Shot Diameters of 0.05 mm and 0.30 mm

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 645-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Guang Liang Liu ◽  
Masanori Seki ◽  
Masahiro Fujii ◽  
Qian Li
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Fine Particle ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Hardened Steel ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Contact Fatigue Life

In order to investigate the influence of different shot peenings on the rolling contact fatigue life of case−hardened steel, the thrust type rolling contact fatigue test was performed with a ball−on−disk contact tester. In this study, the case−hardened steel disks were treated by the fine particle peening with a shot diameter of 0.05 mm and the normal shot peening with a shot diameter of 0.30 mm. The surface hardness and the surface compressive residual stress of the test disks were increased by these peenings. On the other hand, the surface roughness of the test disks was increased by the normal shot peening, and was decreased by the fine particle peening. The rolling contact fatigue test showed that the rolling contact fatigue life of the test disks was improved by the fine particle peening, and was not improved by the normal shot peening. The rolling contact fatigue life of the test disks became longer as their surface roughness became smaller. Therefore, it follows from this that the fine particle peening, which can provide the increase in surface hardness and the decrease in surface roughness, is good for the increase in the rolling contact fatigue life of case−hardened steel.

A New Methodology to Evaluate the Rolling Contact Fatigue Performances of Bearing Steels With Surface Dents: Application to 32CrMoV13 (Nitrided) and M50 Steels

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ne´lias ◽  
C. Jacq ◽  
G. Lormand ◽  
G. Dudragne ◽  
A. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Test Specimen ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Bearing Steels ◽  
Indentation Process ◽  
Hoop Stresses

A new methodology is proposed to evaluate the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) performances of bearing steels in presence of surface dents. The experimental procedure consists in denting the raceway of the test specimen with a hardness machine using spherical diamond tips of different radius, i.e. 200, 400 and 600 μm, and normal loads ranging from 5 to 50 daN. Analysis of various dent geometries yields to an analytical law with five parameters useful to fit experimental profiles for contact simulation. Besides local residual stresses and plastic strains around the dent have been obtained by finite element simulations of the indentation process. RCF tests performed on a two-disk machine have shown better performances of nitrided 32CrMoV13 steel compared to M50 reference steel. The dominating role of sliding has been highlighted and two areas where damage initiates were identified, while the effects of the normal load and hoop stresses are less marked.

The role of deformed rail microstructure on rolling contact fatigue initiation

Wear ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 265 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1363-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Garnham ◽  
Claire L. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Fatigue Initiation

A Rolling Contact Fatigue Reliability Evaluation Method and its Application to a Slewing Bearing

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao Xue Hai ◽  
Huang Xiao Diao ◽  
Hong Rong Jing ◽  
Wang Hua ◽  
Chen Jie
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Oscillation Amplitude ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Fatigue Reliability ◽  
Stochastic Behavior ◽  
Slewing Bearing

Rolling contact fatigue (RCF) corresponds to the formation of the first spall, which is a stochastic behavior; therefore, the RCF life should be reliably calculated. A method for evaluating RCF reliability was developed based on the Lundberg-Palmgren theory and ISO 281. The method took into consideration the contact load, the geometric parameters of contact pairs, the oscillation amplitude, the RCF reliability and the material properties. Because the method was derived from a widely accepted theory and empirical standards, it can be used for engineering applications. Finally, the RCF reliability of a slewing bearing under complex operating conditions was determined using the developed method.

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