The Effects of the Surface Topography of Micromachined Titanium Substrata on Cell Behavior in Vitro and in Vivo

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Brunette ◽  
B. Chehroudi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Tissue Organization ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Microfabrication Techniques

Surface properties, including topography and chemistry, are of prime importance in establishing the response of tissues to biomaterials. Microfabrication techniques have enabled the production of precisely controlled surface topographies that have been used as substrata for cells in culture and on devices implanted in vivo. This article reviews aspects of cell behavior involved in tissue response to implants with an emphasis on the effects of topography. Microfabricated grooved surfaces produce orientation and directed locomotion of epithelial cells in vitro and can inhibit epithelial downgrowth on implants. The effects depend on the groove dimensions and they are modified by epithelial cell–cell interactions. Fibroblasts similarly exhibit contact guidance on grooved surfaces, but fibroblast shape in vitro differs markedly from that found in vivo. Surface topography is important in establishing tissue organization adjacent to implants, with smooth surfaces generally being associated with fibrous tissue encapsulation. Grooved topographies appear to have promise in reducing encapsulation in the short term, but additional studies employing three-dimensional reconstruction and diverse topographies are needed to understand better the process of connective-tissue organization adjacent to implants. Microfabricated surfaces can increase the frequency of mineralized bone-like tissue nodules adjacent to subcutaneously implanted surfaces in rats. Orientation of these nodules with grooves occurs both in culture and on implants. Detailed comparisons of cell behavior on micromachined substrata in vitro and in vivo are difficult because of the number and complexity of factors, such as population density and micromotion, that can differ between these conditions.

scholarly journals Development of A Three-Dimensional Tissue Construct from Dental Human Ectomesenchymal Stem Cells: In Vitro and In Vivo Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Guzmán-Uribe ◽  
Keila Neri Alvarado Estrada ◽  
Amaury de Jesús Pozos Guillén ◽  
Silvia Martín Pérez ◽  
Raúl Rosales Ibáñez
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Dental Tissue ◽  
Membrane Markers ◽  
Tissue Organization ◽  
Specific Membrane ◽  
Tissue Construct

Application of regenerative medicine technology provides treatment for patients with several clinical problems, like loss of tissue and its function. The investigation of biological tooth replacement, dental tissue engineering and cell culture, scaffolds and growth factors are considered essential. Currently, studies reported on the making of threedimensional tissue constructs focused on the use of animal cells in the early stages of embryogenesis applied to young biomodels. The purpose of this study was the development and characterization of a three-dimensional tissue construct from human dental cells. The construct was detached, cultured and characterized in mesenchymal and epithelial cells of a human tooth germ of a 12 year old patient. The cells were characterized by specific membrane markers (STRO1, CD44), making a biocomplex using Pura Matrix as a scaffold, and it was incubated for four days and transplanted into 30 adult immunosuppressed male Wistar rats. They were evaluated at 6 days, 10 days and 2 months, obtaining histological sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Cell cultures were positive for specific membrane markers, showing evident deviations in morphology under phase contrast microscope. Differentiation and organization were noted at 10 days, while the constructs at 2 months showed a clear difference in morphology, organization and cell type. It was possible to obtain a three-dimensional tissue construct from human dental ectomesenchymal cells achieving a degree of tissue organization that corresponds to the presence of cellular stratification and extracellular matrix.

Ultrasonic three-dimensional reconstruction: In vitro and In vivo volume and area measurement

1994 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 719-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy C. Hodges ◽  
Paul R. Detmer ◽  
David H. Burns ◽  
Kirk W. Beach ◽  
D.Eugene Strandness
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Three Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

In Vitro and In Vivo Surface Reactivity of Various Calcium Phosphate Coatings Deposited Using Electrostatic Spray Deposition (ESD)

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 607-610
Author(s):  
Sander C.G. Leeuwenburgh ◽  
Joop G.C. Wolke ◽  
M.C. Siebers ◽  
J. Schoonman ◽  
John A. Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Phosphate Coatings ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Coatings

The dissolution and precipitation behavior of various porous, ESD-derived calcium phosphate coatings was investigated a) in vitro after soaking in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) for several time periods (2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks), and b) in vivo after subcutaneous implantation in the back of goats for identical time periods. At the end of these studies, the physicochemical properties of the coated substrates were characterized by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), XRay Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Moreover, part of the implants was prepared for light microscopical evaluation of the tissue response. In vitro, a highly bioactive behavior was observed for all ESD-coatings, characterized by the deposition of a thick and homogeneous carbonate hydroxyapatite precipitation layer on top of the porous coatings. Regarding the in vivo study, no adverse tissue reactions (toxic effects/inflammatory cells) were observed using light microscopy, and all coatings became surrounded by a thin, dense fibrous tissue capsule after implantation. The ESD-coatings degraded gradually at a dissolution rate depending on the specific chemical phase, thereby enabling synthesis of CaP coatings with a tailored degradation rate.

Tailoring Biomaterial Compatibility: In Vivo Tissue Response versus in Vitro Cell Behavior

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1077-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mattioli-Belmonte ◽  
G. Giavaresi ◽  
G. Biagini ◽  
L. Virgili ◽  
M. Giacomini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Response ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Response Versus

X-ray microtomography setup for absorption and diffraction tomography

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (12) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
V. E. Asadchikov ◽  
A. V. Buzmakov ◽  
I. G. Dyachkova ◽  
D. A. Zolotov ◽  
Yu. S. Krivonosov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Diffraction Reflection ◽  
Dislocation Loops ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silicon Crystals ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Pure Cholesterol

The results of studying silicon single crystals and gallstones on a laboratory X-ray microtomograph with a spatial resolution of 10 µm (developed at the Federal Scientific Research Centre for «Crystallography and Photonics» of the Russian Academy of Sciences) are reviewed. The method of tomographic experiment included the use of a monochromatic «parallel beam» with subsequent three-dimensional reconstruction based on a set of two-dimensional projections. Topotomographic measurements were performed in the mode of rotation of the samples under study around the normal to the reflecting plane adjusted to the Laue diffraction reflection geometry, which made it possible to identify and study single dislocations in perfect silicon crystals. Simulation of the dislocation loops was carried out on the basis of numerical solution of the Takagi-Taupin equations. In-vitro microtomographic study of human gallstones revealed the layered structure of the gallstones which are close in composition to modifications of calcium carbonate. The internal structure of the stones is heterogeneous and contains numerous cavities and cracks formed upon their growth. At the same time, the evaluation of the porosity of gallstones is necessary, since the latter can affect the rate of stone dissolution in their treatment by litholytic methods. Linear attenuation coefficients of x-ray radiation of cholesterol-type gallstones were calculated from the measurement results. The good agreement of the experimentally obtained results and calculations based on tabular data for pure cholesterol is demonstrated which proved that the tomographic method can be used for in vivo diagnosis of cholesterol-type gallstones.

Design and Fabrication of a Constant Shear Microfluidic Network for Tissue Engineering

2004 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.J. Weinberg ◽  
J.T. Borenstein ◽  
M.R. Kaazempur-Mofrad ◽  
B. Orrick ◽  
J.P. Vacanti
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Behavior

AbstractRecent progress in microfabrication of biodegradable materials has resulted in the development of a three-dimensional construct suitable for use as a scaffold for engineering blood vessel networks. These networks are designed to replicate the critical fluid dynamic properties of physiological systems such as the microcirculation within a vital organ. Ultimately, these 3D microvascular constructs will serve as a framework for population with organ-specific cells for applications in organ assist and organ replacement. This approach for tissue engineering utilizes highly engineered designs and microfabrication technology to assemble cells in three-dimensional constructs which have physiological values for properties such as mechanical strength, oxygen, nutrient and waste transport, and fluidic parameters such as flow volume and pressure.Three-dimensional networks with appropriate values for blood flow velocity, pressure drop and hematocrit distribution have been designed and fabricated using replica molding techniques, and populated with endothelial cells for long-term microfluidic cell culture. One critical aspect of the fluid dynamics of these systems is the shear stress exerted by blood flow at the walls of the vessel; a key parameter because of well-known mechanotransduction phenomena from mechanical shear forces which govern endothelial cell behavior. In this work, we report the design and construction of three-dimensional microfluidic constructs for tissue engineering which have uniform wall shear stress throughout the network. This type of control over the shear stress offers several advantages over earlier approaches, including more uniform seeding, more rapid achievement of confluent coatings, and better control over endothelial cell behavior for in vitro and in vivo studies.

Fabrication of Micro Organs Using a Digital Micro-Mirroring Microfabrication System

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qudus Hamid ◽  
Chengyang Wang ◽  
Wei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biologically Inspired ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Microfabrication Techniques

Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technologies have been very attractive and demonstrate the potential for many applications in the field of tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and life sciences. These fields bring together the multidisciplinary field of engineering and integrated sciences to fabricate three-dimensional models that aides the exploration, generation or regeneration of organic tissues and organs. Presently, monolayer cell cultures are frequently used to investigate potential anti-cancer agents. The issues at hand are that these models give very little in terms of feedback on the effects of the microenvironment on chemotherapeutic and the heterogeneity of the tumor. Three-dimensional tumor and cancer models that mimic the actual disease are developed for in vitro investigations. These models create an environment that enables diseases to have an enhanced evaluation (compared to two dimensional) and eliminate the limitations of the traditional mainstays of cancer research. Three-dimensional Cancer models are economic, allow for biological characterizations. Cancer models are developed from investigations of the actual disease; computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allow for biomodeling of the disease’s environmental conditions. Unlike many traditional microfabrication techniques, the Digitial Micro-mirror Microfabrication (DMM) System eliminates the need for mask by incorporating a dynamic mask-less fabrication technique. The DMM is specifically designed for the developments of biologically inspired devices, whether it’s a multicellular spheroid, hollow fiber, or multicellular layer (MCL) models; the DMM has the potential to utilize its dynamic micro mirrors to build the tissue model according to its desired design and characteristics. Each model is specifically designed to mimic the in vivo conditions of the tissue of interest.

Design and Fabrication of a Constant Shear Microfluidic Network for Tissue Engineering

2004 ◽  
Vol 823 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.J. Weinberg ◽  
J.T. Borenstein ◽  
M.R. Kaazempur-Mofrad ◽  
B. Orrick ◽  
J.P. Vacanti
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Behavior

AbstractRecent progress in microfabrication of biodegradable materials has resulted in the development of a three-dimensional construct suitable for use as a scaffold for engineering blood vessel networks. These networks are designed to replicate the critical fluid dynamic properties of physiological systems such as the microcirculation within a vital organ. Ultimately, these 3D microvascular constructs will serve as a framework for population with organ-specific cells for applications in organ assist and organ replacement. This approach for tissue engineering utilizes highly engineered designs and microfabrication technology to assemble cells in three-dimensional constructs which have physiological values for properties such as mechanical strength, oxygen, nutrient and waste transport, and fluidic parameters such as flow volume and pressure.Three-dimensional networks with appropriate values for blood flow velocity, pressure drop and hematocrit distribution have been designed and fabricated using replica molding techniques, and populated with endothelial cells for long-term microfluidic cell culture. One critical aspect of the fluid dynamics of these systems is the shear stress exerted by blood flow at the walls of the vessel; a key parameter because of well-known mechanotransduction phenomena from mechanical shear forces which govern endothelial cell behavior. In this work, we report the design and construction of three-dimensional microfluidic constructs for tissue engineering which have uniform wall shear stress throughout the network. This type of control over the shear stress offers several advantages over earlier approaches, including more uniform seeding, more rapid achievement of confluent coatings, and better control over endothelial cell behavior for in vitro and in vivo studies.

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