Optimization of Material Properties and Process Parameters for Tube Hydroforming of Aluminum Extrusions

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam R. Loukus ◽  
Ghatu Subhash ◽  
Mehdi Imaninejad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Tube Hydroforming ◽  
Strengthening Mechanisms ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Aluminum Extrusions ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Central Bulge

Analysis of process optimization for hydroforming of central-bulge and T-branch from AA6063 tubes is conducted for W-temper and T4 heat-treated conditions. Systematic characterization of AA6063 mechanical properties as a function of aging time was also conducted. It was found that hydroforming in the W temper facilitates forming of a bigger T branch (due to available greater ductility), but limits the strength (hardness) of the final component compared to that formed in the T4 condition. By optimizing the material heat-treatment conditions and the process parameters during hydroforming, strains well in excess of the traditional forming limits can be achieved in the finished components. The relevant microstructural kinetics during hydroforming of the above two geometries in the two heat treated conditions and the associated strengthening mechanisms in aluminum alloys are discussed.

Development and Characterization of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Heat-Treated Zr–2.5Nb Alloy for AHWR Pressure Tubes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20120033
Author(s):  
R. N. Singh ◽  
A. K. Bind ◽  
J. B. Singh ◽  
J. K. Chakravartty ◽  
V. Thomas Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Pressure Tubes

Characterization of particleboard made from oil heat-treated rubberwood particles at different mixing ratios

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 6795-6810
Author(s):  
Nurul Fatiha Osman ◽  
Paimon Bawon ◽  
Seng Hua Lee ◽  
Pakhriazad Hassan Zaki ◽  
Syeed SaifulAzry Osman Al-Eldrus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Uf Resin ◽  
Heat Treated

Particleboard was produced by mixing oil heat-treated rubberwood particles at different ratios, with the goal of achieving high dimensional stability. Rubberwood particles were soaked in palm oil for 2 h and heat treated at 200 °C for 2 h. The treated particles were soaked in boiling water for 30 min to remove oil and were tested for chemical alteration and thermal characterization via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Particleboard was fabricated by mixing treated rubberwood particles (30%, 50%, and 70%) with untreated particles (70%, 50%, and 30%, respective to previous percentages) and bonded with urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin. The results revealed that oil-heat treated particles had greater thermal stability than the untreated particles. The addition of oil heat treated particles improved the physical properties of the particleboard with no significant reduction in mechanical strength. However, this was only valid for ratios of 70% untreated to 30% treated and 50% untreated to 50% treated. When a ratio of 70% oil heat treated particles was used, both the physical and mechanical properties were reduced drastically, due to bonding interference caused by excessive oil content. Particleboard made with a ratio of 5:5 (treated to untreated) exhibited the best physical and mechanical properties.

Characterization of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 6060 Aluminum Alloy Processed by ECAP

2018 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Monika Karoń ◽  
Marcin Adamiak
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Refined Grains ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Evolution Of Microstructure

The purpose of this paper is to present the microstructure and mechanical behavior of 6060 aluminum alloy after intense plastic deformation. Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) was used as a method of severe plastic deformation. Before ECAP part of the samples were heat treated to remove internal stresses in the commercially available aluminium alloy. The evolution of microstructure and tensile strength were tested after 1, 3, 6 and 9 ECAP passes in annealed and non annealed states. It was found that intensely plastically deformed refined grains were present in the tested samples and exhibited increased mechanical properties. Differences were noted between samples without and after heat treatment

Mechanical Behavior of Friction Stir Welded AA-6061 Thick Plates in Different Heat Treatment Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 ◽  
pp. 203-210
Author(s):  
Talha Ahmed ◽  
Wali Muhammad ◽  
Zaheer Mushtaq ◽  
Mustasim Billah Bhatty ◽  
Hamid Zaigham
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Joint Form

In this study, mechanical properties of friction stir welded Aluminum Alloy (AA) 6061 in three different heat treatment conditions i.e. Annealed (O), Artificially aged (T6) and Post Weld Heat Treated (PWHT) were compared. Plates were welded in a butt joint form. Parameters were optimized and joints were fabricated using tool rotational speed and travel speed of 500 rpm and 350 mm/min respectively. Two sets of plates were welded in O condition and out of which one was, later, subjected to post weld artificial aging treatment. Third set was welded in T6 condition. The welds were characterized by macro and microstructure analysis, microhardness measurement and mechanical testing. SEM fractography of the tensile fracture surfaces was also performed. Comparatively better mechanical properties were achieved in the plate with PWHT condition.

Effect of Temperature and Freezing On Human Adipose Tissue Material Properties Characterized by High-Rate Indentation-Puncture Testing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaonan Sun ◽  
Bronislaw Gepner ◽  
Sang-hyun Lee ◽  
Michelle Oyen ◽  
Josh Rigby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Frozen Tissue

Abstract The characterization of human subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) under high-rate loading is valuable for development of biofidelic finite element human body models (FE-HBMs) to predict seat belt-pelvis interaction and injury risk in vehicle crash simulations. While material characterization of SAT has been performed at 25°C or 37°C, the effect of temperature on mechanical properties of SAT under high-rate and large-deformation loading has not been investigated. Similarly, while freezing is the most common preservation technique for cadaveric specimens, the effect of freeze-thaw on the mechanical properties of SAT is also absent from the literature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of freezing and temperature on mechanical properties of human SAT. Fresh and previously frozen human SAT specimens were obtained and tested at 25°C and 37°C. High-rate indentation and puncture tests were performed, and indentation-puncture force-depth responses were obtained. While the chance of material failure was found to be different between temperatures and between fresh and previously frozen tissue, statistical analyses revealed that temperature and freezing did not change the shear modulus and failure characteristics of SAT. Therefore, the results of the current study indicated that SAT material properties characterized from either fresh or frozen tissue at either 25°C or 37°C could be used for enhancing the biofidelity of FE-HBMs.

scholarly journals Influence of the Energy Density for Selective Laser Melting on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Črtomir Donik ◽  
Jakob Kraner ◽  
Irena Paulin ◽  
Matjaž Godec
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Impact

We have investigated the impact of the process parameters for the selective laser melting (SLM) of the stainless steel AISI 316L on its microstructure and mechanical properties. Properly selected SLM process parameters produce tailored material properties, by varying the laser’s power, scanning speed and beam diameter. We produced and systematically studied a matrix of samples with different porosities, microstructures, textures and mechanical properties. We identified a combination of process parameters that resulted in materials with tensile strengths up to 711 MPa, yield strengths up to 604 MPa and an elongation up to 31%, while the highest achieved hardness was 227 HV10. The correlation between the average single-cell diameter in the hierarchical structure and the laser’s input energy is systematically studied, discussed and explained. The same energy density with different SLM process parameters result in different material properties. The higher energy density of the SLM produces larger cellular structures and crystal grains. A different energy density produces different textures with only one predominant texture component, which was revealed by electron-backscatter diffraction. Furthermore, three possible explanations for the origin of the dislocations are proposed.

Nanostructure Formation and Properties in Some Al Alloys after SPD and Heat Treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 633-634 ◽  
pp. 273-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibor Kvačkaj ◽  
Jana Bidulská ◽  
Martin Fujda ◽  
Robert Kočiško ◽  
Imrich Pokorný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Structural Formation ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Purity Aluminium ◽  
High Purity Aluminium

Influence of SPD process realized by ECAP on structural formation and mechanical properties was searched. Samples after ECAP were heat treated at various temperature and time conditions. Investigation material bases were high purity aluminium and aluminium alloys EN AW 6082, EN AW 2014. The best material properties are describing in dependence on experimental conditions.

Characterization of Polypropylene Nanocomposite Structures

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kanny ◽  
V. K. Moodley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Exfoliated Nanocomposite ◽  
Nanocomposite Structures

This study describes the synthesis, mechanical properties, and morphology of nanophased polypropylene structures. The structures were manufactured by melt-blending low weight percentages of montmorillonite nanoclays and polypropylene thermoplastic. Both virgin and infused polypropylene structures were then subjected to quasi-static tensile, flexural, hardness and impact tests. Analysis of test data show that the mechanical properties increase with an increase in nanoclay loading up to a threshold of 2wt.%; thereafter, the material properties degrade. At low weight nanoclay loadings the enhancement of properties is attributed to the lower percolation points created by the high aspect ratio nanoclays. The increase in properties may also be attributed to the formation of intercalated and exfoliated nanocomposite structures formed at these loadings of clay. At higher weight loading, degradation in mechanical properties may be attributed to the formation of agglomerated clay tactoids. Results of transmission electron microscopy studies and scanning electron microscopy studies of the fractured surface of tensile specimens verify these hypotheses.

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