scholarly journals Storing Energy Underwater

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (12) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Cheung ◽  
Rupp Carriveau ◽  
David S.-K. Ting
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Lifetime Costs ◽  
Bulk Energy ◽  
Air Compressors ◽  
Geological Formations

This article discusses the advantage of compressed air energy storage (CAES) system. CAES has been proposed as an alternative to pumped hydro storage for large-scale, bulk energy management. CAES systems typically rely on electrically driven air compressors that pump pressurized air into large underground geological formations such as aquifers and caverns for storage. When the power is needed, turboexpanders connected to generators convert the compressed air back into electrical energy. Like pumped hydro, CAES can be scaled to sizes compatible for supplementing large renewable energy facilities. The lifetime costs for a CAES system can make it work as a means for storing cheap off peak electricity and selling it during peak hours, but capital costs and difficulties finding suitable geological structures have limited the technology’s applications. To make CAES more useful for storing wind-powered electricity, the systems have to become less expensive and have greater flexibility in sitting.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGY FOR THE UTILIZATION OF WASTE HEAT BY AIR-COOLED COMPRESSORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 4918-4923
Author(s):  
LUKAS PACAS ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
External Source ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Air Compressors ◽  
Almost All

Compressed air is still a valid helper in many applications today, where it is necessary, for example, to move work equipment, pistons or it is used for cooling as a cooling medium. The producer of compressed air are air compressors, which need an external source for its production, usually an electric or internal combustion engine. Almost all the energy that is supplied to the compressor is always converted to heat during compression, regardless of the type of compressor. This carries the risk of overheating and therefore the cooling system must be optimally designed. Thus, during the compression of the air, a large part of the electrical energy supplied to the compressor is converted into heat, and only a small part of the supplied energy is in the compressed air. In the case of oil or water-cooled compressors, the exchangers can be used directly to obtain energy "for free". In the case of air cooling, a slight energy gain can only be achieved by modifying the exhaust hot air ducts. This energy can be used efficiently to heat water or heat buildings, instead of being uselessly ventilated. Modern compressors are already adapted for the use of waste heat, but most current companies still use older types of compressors that have not been directly adapted for the use of waste heat. In case of interest in obtaining waste heat, the reconstruction of the facility or development is inevitable.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis, Savings and Modifications in Compressed Air System of Manufacturing Industry.

10.29007/b69t ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesh Prajapati ◽  
Jatinkumar Patel ◽  
Shweta Prajapati ◽  
Manish N. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Variable Frequency Drive ◽  
Air System ◽  
Air Compressors

In the present scenario importance of an energy conservation increased day by day. There are various utilities in industries in practice like Chillers, Cooling Towers, Blowers, Fans, Motors, Furnaces, Pumps and Air Compressors in manufacturing industries plays vial role in energy consumption. Energy savings is possible increasing either the efficiency or replacement by efficient utility. It has been found that among all the utilities, Air Compressors are the least efficient utilities. It has been observed that compressed air system installed in early stage and due to ageing effect as well as lack of maintenance an efficiency of compressor is dropped down. In proposed work, Performance analysis of four air compressors has been carried out using “pump up test” (PUT) and losses by “leakage test” at different locations has been calculated large scale gear manufacturing industry. Considerable solution in terms of savings has been provided by providing priority base run of air compressors. Additional solution with variable frequency drive has also been also proposed. It has been proved that alternation of both mentioned test able to provide 5-15% additional amount of energy savings.

scholarly journals A vanadium-based oxide-phosphate-pyrophosphate framework as a 4 V electrode material for K-ion batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirai Ohara ◽  
A. Shahul Hameed ◽  
Kei Kubota ◽  
Akihiro Katogi ◽  
Kuniko Chihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Positive Electrode ◽  
Electrical Energy Storage ◽  
Positive Electrode Materials

K-ion batteries (KIBs) are promising for large-scale electrical energy storage owing to the abundant resources and the electrochemical specificity of potassium. Among the positive electrode materials for KIBs, vanadium-based polyanionic...

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