Determining Brinell Hardness From Analysis of Indentation Load-Depth Curve Without Optical Measurement

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Hoon Kim ◽  
Eun-chae Jeon ◽  
Dongil Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Brinell Hardness ◽  
Indentation Load ◽  
Residual Lifetime ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hardness Values ◽  
Depth Curve ◽  
Work Hardening Exponent

Hardness tests are performed to determine not only hardness but also other properties such as strength, wear resistance, and deformation resistance. They are also performed to predict residual lifetime through analysis of the hardness reduction or hardness ratio. However, hardness tests require observation of the residual indentation, and for that reason are not widely used in industrial fields. This study thus examines obtaining Brinell hardness values without optical observation, using instead quantitative formulas and analyzing the relationship between the indentation depths from the indentation load-depth curve and mechanical properties such as the work-hardening exponent, yield strength, and elastic modulus on the basis of finite-element analysis.

Analysis on Mechanical Properties of Instrumented Indentation Tester Frame

2012 ◽  
Vol 215-216 ◽  
pp. 895-898
Author(s):  
Jun Hong Guo ◽  
De Jun Ma ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Zhong Kang Song
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Indentation Load ◽  
Measurement Precision ◽  
Instrumented Indentation ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Load Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Maximum Inclination

Finite element analysis is undertaken to identify the extent of loading deformation of instrumented indentation equipment frame which is a main part in High-precision instrumented indentation tester developed and realized by our group. The working load enacted in the model is varied from 10N to 100N, and the increment load is 10N. By plotting and fitting data of inclination angle and working load, the relationship between frame inclination angle and working load is established. The function of this relationship is θ=0.000024*F. When the working load is up to the upper bound 100N, the inclination angle of frame reaches the maximum value 0.00241°.Load analysis of push rod shows that the percent error between measured load values and real indentation load values caused by maximum inclination angle is in 10-8order. The conclusion is thus derived that frame inclination has nearly no effects on load measurement precision. The research in this paper confirms that the design of frame belonging to High-precision instrumented indentation tester is appropriate.

Identification of the constitutive equation by the indentation technique using plural indenters with different apex angles

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 2283-2292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Futakawa ◽  
Takashi Wakui ◽  
Yuji Tanabe ◽  
Ikuo Ioka
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Equation ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Work Hardening ◽  
Indentation Technique ◽  
Work Hardening Coefficient ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stress Work ◽  
Hardening Coefficient ◽  
Depth Curve ◽  
Work Hardening Exponent

This paper describes a novel technique for determining the constitutive equation of elastic–plastic materials by the indentation technique using plural indenters with different apex angles. Finite element method (FEM) analyses were carried out to evaluate the effects of yield stress, work hardening coefficient, work hardening exponent, and the apex angle of indenter on the load–depth curve obtained from the indentation test. As a result, the characterized curves describing the relationship among the yield stress, work hardening coefficient, and the work hardening exponent were established. Identification of the constants of a constitutive equation was made on the basis of the relationship between the characterized curves and the hardness given by the load–depth curve. This technique was validated through experiments on Inconel 600 and aluminum alloy. The determined constitutive equation was applied to the FEM analyses to simulate the deformation including necking behavior under uniaxial tension. The analytical results are in good agreement with experimental results.

Nanoindentation Hardness Tests Using a Point Contact Microscope

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Lu ◽  
D. Bogy ◽  
R. Kaneko
Keyword(s):  
Point Contact ◽  
Indentation Load ◽  
Apex Angle ◽  
Indentation Force ◽  
Single Leaf ◽  
Leaf Springs ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Nanoindentation Hardness ◽  
Tip Radius ◽  
Hardness Values

The Point Contact Microscope (PCM), developed in NTT’s Kaneko Research Laboratory, is used to conduct hardness tests on polycarbonate and gold at indentation depths in the range of about 5-100 nm. Different diamond indenters, which are attached to single leaf springs of various stiffnesses, are used to study the effects of tip radius and apex angle on the measured hardness values. The indentation depth versus force and hardness versus force relations for various tip conditions are examined. It is found that the hardness value obtained increases for small values of indentation load and approaches a tip-independent value for larger loads. The hardness is sensitive to the indentation force and tip radius in the limit of small indentation depths. In this case, a standard indenter and a fixed load should be used to compare the hardnesses of different materials. The effect of the apex angle on the hardness is relatively insignificant.

Relationship between Dendritic Structure of Grey Cast Iron and Mechanical Properties of Castings

2017 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 1071-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Baron ◽  
L.V. Palatkina ◽  
I.L. Gonik
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Brinell Hardness ◽  
Dendritic Structure ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Strength Assessment ◽  
Grey Cast ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hardness Values

The relationship between tensile strength σВ and Brinell hardness HB of different grey cast irons was investigated. It was found that at the same hardness values the tensile strength of different specimens may differ by almost two times. It was shown that the mentioned above tensile strength scatter is caused by the different volume fraction of dendritic crystals of a primary austenite fdc. The quantitative relationships between σB and fdc for in situ tensile strength assessment were established. The comparison of σB values calculated through Brinell hardness HB and through volume fraction of dendritic crystals fdc shows that the latter method developed in the present paper provides more reliable results.

Analysis of magnetic force and dynamic characteristic for non-contact permanent magnet linear drive device

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 1337-1345
Author(s):  
Chuan Zhao ◽  
Feng Sun ◽  
Junjie Jin ◽  
Mingwei Bo ◽  
Fangchao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Dynamic Characteristic ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Magnetic Circuit ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Computation Method ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
The Relationship

This paper proposes a computation method using the equivalent magnetic circuit to analyze the driving force for the non-contact permanent magnet linear drive system. In this device, the magnetic driving force is related to the rotation angle of driving wheels. The relationship is verified by finite element analysis and measuring experiments. The result of finite element simulation is in good agreement with the model established by the equivalent magnetic circuit. Then experiments of displacement control are carried out to test the dynamic characteristic of this system. The controller of the system adopts the combination control of displacement and angle. The results indicate that the system has good performance in steady-state error and response speed, while the maximum overshoot needs to be reduced.

Finite Element Analysis of the ESTELA M1 Airplane Firewall (Representative Specimen)

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Ramirez-Elias ◽  
E. Ledesma-Orozco ◽  
H. Hernandez-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Representative Specimen ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
The Relationship

This paper shows the finite element simulation of a representative specimen from the firewall section in the AEROMARMI ESTELA M1 aircraft. This specimen is manufactured in glass and carbon / epoxy laminates. The specimen is subjected to a load which direction and magnitude are determined by a previous dynamic loads study [10], taking into account the maximum load factor allowed by the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) for utilitarian aircrafts [11]. A representative specimen is manufactured with the same features of the firewall. Meanwhile a fix is built in order to introduce the load directions on the representative specimen. The relationship between load and displacement is plotted for this representative specimen, whence the maximum displacement at the specific load is obtained, afterwards it is compared with the finite element model, which is modified in its laminate thicknesses in order to decrease the deviation error; subsequently this features could be applied to perform the whole firewall analysis in a future model [10].

scholarly journals Application of the plasticity characteristic determined by the indentation technique for evaluation of mechanical properties of coatings: I. specific features of the test method procedure

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Byakova ◽  
Yu.V. Milman ◽  
A.A. Vlasov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Indentation Load ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Properties Of Coatings ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
Plasticity Characteristic ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Hardness Values

Specific features of the test method procedure capable for determining the plasticity characteristic dH by indentation of inhomogeneous coatings affected by residual stress was clarified. When the value of the plasticity characteristic for coating was found to be as great as dH > 0.5 a simplified model was found to be reasonably adequate, while a modified model assumed compressibility of the deformation core beneath indentation. The advantage of the modified approach compared to the simplified one was grounded experimentally only if the elastic deformation for coating becomes greater than ?e ? 3.5%, resulting in the decrease of plasticity characteristic dH < 0.5. To overcome non accuracy caused by the effect of the scale factor on measurement results a comparison of different coatings was suggested using stabilized values of the plasticity characteristic dH determined under loads higher than critical, P ? Pc, ensuring week dependence of micro hardness values on the indentation load.

Thermal Error Modeling of Precision Positioning Stage

2013 ◽  
Vol 694-697 ◽  
pp. 767-770
Author(s):  
Jing Shu Wang ◽  
Ming Chi Feng
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Deformation ◽  
Thermal Error ◽  
Error Modeling ◽  
Precision Positioning ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Positioning Stage ◽  
Order Polynomial ◽  
The Relationship

As the thermal deformation significantly impacts the accuracy of precision positioning stage, it is necessary to realize the thermal error. The thermal deformation of the positioning stage is simulated by the finite element analysis. The relationship between the temperature variation and thermal error is fitted third-order polynomial function whose parameters are determined by genetic algorithm neural network (GANN). The operators of the GANN are optimized through a parametric study. The results show that the model can describe the relationship between the temperature and thermal deformation well.

Dämpfungsschlitze in Kreissägeblättern*/Parametric FE analysis to identify the mode of action of damping slots in circular saw blades

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (01-02) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
C. Birenbaum ◽  
U. Heisel ◽  
S. Weiland
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Annular Plates ◽  
Circular Saw ◽  
Characteristic Modes ◽  
The Relationship

In Kreissägeblättern werden zur Verminderung von Schwingungen und zum Ausgleich thermischer Dehnungen sogenannte Dehnungs- und Dämpfungsschlitze eingebracht. Die Wirkungsweise der Schlitze auf die dynamischen Eigenschaften besteht einerseits in der Dämpfungswirkung sowie andererseits in der Modifikation der Schwingungseigenformen. Um Wirkmechanismen und Optimierungsmöglichkeiten zu identifizieren, werden in den hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen mithilfe der Finiten-Elemente-Methode (FEM) Analysen von Kreisscheiben mit einfachen Schlitzkonfigurationen durchgeführt. Hierdurch sollen Zusammenhänge einzelner Schlitzparameter mit den statischen und dynamischen Eigenschaften von Kreissägeblättern aufgezeigt werden. Zur Validierung des entwickelten Simulationsmodells dienen analytische Berechnungen. &nbsp; To reduce vibrations and adjust for thermal expansion, so-called damping slots and expansion slots are applied to circular saw blades. The slots affect the dynamic behavior of the saw blades by damping the vibration and altering the characteristic modes and frequencies. An FE(Finite Element) analysis of annular plates with simple arrangements of damping and expansion slots is performed to identify the mechanisms and improvement opportunities. This allows determining the relationship between slot parameters and the static and dynamic qualities of circular saw blades. The developed simulation models are validated using an analytical approach.

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