Integrated Pyrolysis Regenerated Plant (IPRP): An Efficient and Scalable Concept for Gas Turbine Based Energy Conversion From Biomass and Waste

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Fantozzi ◽  
Bruno D’Alessandro ◽  
Umberto Desideri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems

A massive effort towards sustainability is necessary to prevent global warming and energy sources impoverishment: both biomass and waste to energy conversion may represent key actions to reach this goal. At the present, state of the art available technologies for biomass and waste to energy conversion are similar and include low to mid efficiency grate incineration or fluidized bed combustion with steam power cycles or mid to high efficiency gas turbine based cycles through integrated gasification technology. Nevertheless, these plants are all available from mid-to-high scale range that can be highly intrusive on protected areas and socially unacceptable. This paper proposes an innovative, low cost, high efficiency plant in which the residue is gasified in the absence of oxygen (pyrolysis), in a rotary kiln, by means of a highly regenerative gas turbine based cycle. Pyrolysis is preferred to gasification, because the syngas obtained has a higher low heating value and produces char or tar as a by-product with an interesting energy content to be re-utilized inside the cycle. Different plant configurations are proposed and discussed through principal thermodynamic variables parametric analysis. Results show that very interesting efficiencies are obtainable in the 30–40% range for every plant scale. This fact shows how IPRP technology can provide an interesting alternative to traditional technologies, especially for the small size (below 5MW). Moreover, the IPRP technology provides a unique solution for microscale (below 500 kW) power plants, opening a new and competitive possibility for distributed biomass or waste to energy conversion systems where low environmental and social impact turns into higher interest and positive dissemination effect.

IPRP: Integrated Pyrolysis Combined Plant — An Efficient and Scalable Concept for Gas Turbine Based Energy Conversion From Biomass and Waste

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Fantozzi ◽  
Bruno D’Alessandro ◽  
Umberto Desideri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Fluidised Bed ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Scale Range

A massive effort towards sustainability is necessary to prevent global warming and energy sources impoverishment: both biomass and waste to energy conversion may represent key actions to reach this goal. At the present State Of the Art (SOA) available technologies for biomass and waste to energy conversion are similar and include low to mid efficiency grate incineration or fluidised bed combustion with steam power cycles or mid to high efficiency Gas Turbine based cycles through integrated gasification technology. Nevertheless these plants are all available from mid-to-high scale range that can be highly intrusive on protected areas and socially unacceptable. This paper proposes an innovative, low cost, high efficiency plant in which the residue is gasified in absence of oxygen (pyrolysis), in a rotary kiln, by means of a highly regenerative gas turbine based cycle. Pyrolysis is preferred to gasification, because the syngas obtained has a higher LHV and produces char or tar as a by-product with an interesting energy content to be re-utilized inside the cycle. Different plant configurations are proposed and discussed through principal thermodynamic variables parametric analysis. Results show that very interesting efficiencies are obtainable in the 30%–40% range, at every scale range therefore presenting an interesting alternative especially to small size (below 5 MW) grate incineration and steam power plant technology. Moreover, the IPRP plant provides a unique solution for micro-scale (below 500 kW) power plants, opening a new and competitive possibility for distributed biomass or waste to energy conversion systems where low environmental and social impact turns into higher interest and positive dissemination effect.

Thermodynamic analysis of hydraulic air compressor-gas turbine power plants

1997 ◽  
Vol 211 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Bidini ◽  
C N Grimaldi ◽  
L Postrioti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Compressor ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Air Compression

Nowadays, the most common way to improve energy conversion efficiency is the integration of different systems, thus achieving a better exploitation of the available exergy potential (e.g. combined cycles, cogeneration, etc.). As a means of producing power in hydroelectric plants hydraulic energy is commonly considered to be almost completely exploited. The aim of this paper is to analyse the possible integration of hydraulic energy sources with conventional, fossil fuel based systems; in particular, power plants based on the combination of an hydraulic air compressor (HAC) and a gas turbine are considered. In an HAC, air is entrained in the water flow in a downcomer pipe and compressed. Once separated from the water in a ‘stilling chamber’ at the bottom of the downpipe, the compressed air is supplied to a combustion chamber and then to a conventional gas turbine expander. An attractive characteristic of HACs is the capability, in principle, to perform an isothermal air compression instead of an adiabatic one, as in conventional compressors. In the present work, a thermodynamic analysis is presented of HAC-gas turbine energy conversion systems, which are compared with conventional hydroelectric and gas turbine power plants. The calculated performance levels of such systems are comparable to those of combined cycle plants, making further technical and economical investigations quite interesting.

Externally-Fired Combined Cycle Repowering of Existing Steam Plants

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian L. Vandervort ◽  
Mohammed R. Bary ◽  
Larry E. Stoddard ◽  
Steven T. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Generating Capacity

The Externally-Fired Combined Cycle (EFCC) is an attractive emerging technology for powering high efficiency combined gas and steam turbine cycles with coal or other ash bearing fuels. The key near-term market for the EFCC is likely to be repowering of existing coal fueled power generation units. Repowering with an EFCC system offers utilities the ability to improve efficiency of existing plants by 25 to 60 percent, while doubling generating capacity. Repowering can be accomplished at a capital cost half that of a new facility of similar capacity. Furthermore, the EFCC concept does not require complex chemical processes, and is therefore very compatible with existing utility operating experience. In the EFCC, the heat input to the gas turbine is supplied indirectly through a ceramic heat exchanger. The heat exchanger, coupled with an atmospheric coal combustor and auxiliary components, replaces the conventional gas turbine combustor. Addition of a steam bottoming plant and exhaust cleanup system completes the combined cycle. A conceptual design has been developed for EFCC repowering of an existing reference plant which operates with a 48 MW steam turbine at a net plant efficiency of 25 percent. The repowered plant design uses a General Electric LM6000 gas turbine package in the EFCC power island. Topping the existing steam plant with the coal fueled EFCC improves efficiency to nearly 40 percent. The capital cost of this upgrade is 1,090/kW. When combined with the high efficiency, the low cost of coal, and low operation and maintenance costs, the resulting cost of electricity is competitive for base load generation.

Performance and Water Consumption of the Solar Steam-Injection Gas Turbine Cycle

2012 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Livshits ◽  
Abraham Kribus
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Hybrid Cycle

Solar heat at moderate temperatures around 200 °C can be utilized for augmentation of conventional steam-injection gas turbine power plants. Solar concentrating collectors for such an application can be simpler and less expensive than collectors used for current solar power plants. We perform a thermodynamic analysis of this hybrid cycle, focusing on improved modeling of the combustor and the water recovery condenser. The cycle's water consumption is derived and compared to other power plant technologies. The analysis shows that the performance of the hybrid cycle under the improved model is similar to the results of the previous simplified analysis. The water consumption of the cycle is negative due to water production by combustion, in contrast to other solar power plants that have positive water consumption. The size of the needed condenser is large, and a very low-cost condenser technology is required to make water recovery in the solar STIG cycle technically and economically feasible.

FEATURES OF THE METHODOLOGY OF THERMODYNAMIC MODELING OF GAS TURBINE AND COMBINED ON THEIR BASIS POWER PLANTS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennadii Liubchik ◽  
◽  
Nataliia Fialko ◽  
Aboubakr Regragui ◽  
Julii Sherenkovskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Technical Facility

The article presents the enthalpy-entropy methodology of thermodynamic analysis of gas turbine and combined power plants on their basis, the results of testing the method on a real technical facility, proving its high efficiency.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Cycle Concepts for High-Efficiency Power Plans. Part A: Public Power Plants 60+

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kosowski ◽  
Karol Tucki ◽  
Marian Piwowarski ◽  
Robert Stępień ◽  
Olga Orynycz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
Public Power ◽  
Pass System ◽  
Classical Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

An analysis was carried out for different thermodynamic cycles of power plants with air turbines. Variants with regeneration and different cogeneration systems were considered. In the paper, we propose a new modification of a gas turbine cycle with the combustion chamber at the turbine outlet. A special air by-pass system of the combustor was applied and, in this way, the efficiency of the turbine cycle was increased by a few points. The proposed cycle equipped with a regenerator can provide higher efficiency than a classical gas turbine cycle with a regenerator. The best arrangements of combined air–steam cycles achieved very high values for overall cycle efficiency—that is, higher than 60%. An increase in efficiency to such degree would decrease fuel consumption, contribute to the mitigation of carbon dioxide emissions, and strengthen the sustainability of the region served by the power plant. This increase in efficiency might also contribute to the economic resilience of the area.

Dual Brayton Cycle Gas Turbine Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion Power Plant Concept

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing L. Yan ◽  
Lawrence M. Lidsky
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Electric Power Plants ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion

High generating efficiency has compelling economic and environmental benefits for electric power plants. There are particular incentives to develop more efficient and cleaner coal-fired power plants, to permit use of the world’s most abundant and secure energy source. This paper presents a newly-conceived power plant design, the Dual Brayton Cycle Gas Turbine PFBC, that yields 45% net generating efficiency and fires on a wide range of fuels with minimum pollution, of which coal is a particularly intriguing target for its first application. The DBC-GT design allows power plants based on the state-of-the-art PFBC technology to achieve substantially higher generating efficiencies while simultaneously providing modern gas turbine and related heat exchanger technologies access to the large coal power generation market.

Transient CFD Visualization of Fossil Fuel Combustion Simulations

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Dotson ◽  
Kent Eshenberg ◽  
Chris Guenther ◽  
Thomas O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Projection System ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
High Level ◽  
Wall System

The design of high-efficiency lower-emission coal-fed power plants is facilitated by the extensive use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. This paper describes work conducted at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) and Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC) to provide an environment for the immersive three-dimensional visualization of CFD simulation results. A low-cost high-resolution projection system has been developed in the visualization lab at NETL. This multi-wall system consists of four projection screens, three of which are tiled into four quadrants. The graphics for the multi-wall system are rendered using a cluster of eight personal computers. A high-level visualization interface named Mavis has also been developed to combine the powerful 3D modules of OpenDX with methods developed at NETL for studying multiphase CFD data. With Python, a completely new OpenDX user interface was built that extends and simplifies the features of a basic graphics library.

Enhancing Gas Turbine Operation With Heavy Fuel Oil

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Muralidharan ◽  
Matthieu Vierling
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Hydro Power

Power generation in south Asia has witnessed a steep fall due to the shortage of natural gas supplies for power plants and poor water storage in reservoirs for low hydro power generation. Due to the current economic scenario, there is worldwide pressure to secure and make more gas and oil available to support global power needs. With constrained fuel sources and increasing environmental focus, the quest for higher efficiency would be imminent. Natural gas combined cycle plants operate at a very high efficiency, increasing the demand for gas. At the same time, countries may continue to look for alternate fuels such as coal and liquid fuels, including crude and residual oil, to increase energy stability and security. In over the past few decades, the technology for refining crude oil has gone through a significant transformation. With the advanced refining process, there are additional lighter distillates produced from crude that could significantly change the quality of residual oil used for producing heavy fuel. Using poor quality residual fuel in a gas turbine to generate power could have many challenges with regards to availability and efficiency of a gas turbine. The fuel needs to be treated prior to combustion and needs a frequent turbine cleaning to recover the lost performance due to fouling. This paper will discuss GE’s recently developed gas turbine features, including automatic water wash, smart cooldown and model based control (MBC) firing temperature control. These features could significantly increase availability and improve the average performance of heavy fuel oil (HFO). The duration of the gas turbine offline water wash sequence and the rate of output degradation due to fouling can be considerably reduced.

Dual Brayton Cycle Gas Turbine Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion Power Plant Concept

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. L. Yan ◽  
L. M. Lidsky
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Electric Power Plants ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion

High generating efficiency has compelling economic and environmental benefits for electric power plants. There are particular incentives to develop more efficient and cleaner coal-fired power plants in order to permit use of the world’s most abundant and secure energy source. This paper presents a newly conceived power plant design, the Dual Brayton Cycle Gas Turbine PFBC, that yields 45 percent net generating efficiency and fires on a wide range of fuels with minimum pollution, of which coal is a particularly intriguing target for its first application. The DBC-GT design allows power plants based on the state-of-the-art PFBC technology to achieve substantially higher generating efficiencies, while simultaneously providing modern gas turbine and related heat exchanger technologies access to the large coal power generation market.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document