The Role of Knowledge in Next-generation Product Development Systems

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Szykman ◽  
Ram D. Sriram ◽  
William C. Regli
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Engineering Product ◽  
Survey Paper ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Industry Practice ◽  
Representative Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Information technology has played an increasingly important role in engineering product development. Its influence over the past decade has been accelerating and its impact in the coming decade will undoubtedly be immense. This paper surveys several research areas relating to knowledge representation, capture and retrieval, which will have a growing influence on product development. Each of these areas could, on its own, provide sufficient material for an entire survey paper. Unlike traditional survey papers, this paper does not attempt to provide a comprehensive review of a field of research from its inception to the present. Rather, this paper aims to touch on a representative selection of recent developments in these influential technical areas. The paper provides perspectives into the kinds of technologies that are emerging from rapidly expanding fields of research, and discusses challenges that must be overcome to enable transition of these technologies into industry practice to support the next generation of product development software tools.

21st Century Citizen Pharma: The FDA & Patient-Focused Product Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 309-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Paradise
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Public ◽  
United States Food ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
States Food ◽  
And Control ◽  
Patient Advocacy Groups

Perpetual debate regarding the delicate balance between access and innovation and the protection of the public health and safety dominate discussions of the United States Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”). Established chiefly as a command and control federal administrative agency, iterative changes in legislation have shaped the FDA's activity in drug, biologic, and medical device regulation over the course of the last one hundred plus years. The most recent fundamental reframing of the agency's authority and directive presented itself in the 21st Century Cures Act, reflecting an important role for patient perspectives in the regulatory process. This Article explores recent developments in patient-focused product development efforts at the FDA and offers modest insights on the increasing role of patients, and patient advocacy groups, in agency decision-making. The Article terms this era “21st century citizen pharma.”

scholarly journals Retrieval, reuse, revision and retention in case-based reasoning

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAMON LOPEZ DE MANTARAS ◽  
DAVID MCSHERRY ◽  
DEREK BRIDGE ◽  
DAVID LEAKE ◽  
BARRY SMYTH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Case Based Reasoning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Problem ◽  
Considerable Success ◽  
Representative Selection ◽  
Case Based ◽  
Selection Of

Case-based reasoning (CBR) is an approach to problem solving that emphasizes the role of prior experience during future problem solving (i.e., new problems are solved by reusing and if necessary adapting the solutions to similar problems that were solved in the past). It has enjoyed considerable success in a wide variety of problem solving tasks and domains. Following a brief overview of the traditional problem-solving cycle in CBR, we examine the cognitive science foundations of CBR and its relationship to analogical reasoning. We then review a representative selection of CBR research in the past few decades on aspects of retrieval, reuse, revision and retention.

Contracting for Logistics Services

2013 ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
Kostas Selviaridis
Keyword(s):  
Service Provider ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Third Party Logistics ◽  
Logistics Outsourcing ◽  
Logistics Services ◽  
Provider Perspective ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Industry Practice

This chapter seeks to critically revisit existing third party logistics (3PL) purchasing literature with the aim of bridging the gap between academic research and industry practice regarding logistics outsourcing. This is achieved by focusing on hitherto under-emphasized issues (in the academic literature) relating to the role of the service provider, as opposed to that of the buyer, in 3PL exchange design and management, and the dynamics of the outsourcing process. Drawing on recent developments and practices in the 3PL industry and two in-depth case studies of logistics outsourcing, the study suggests that, under increasing complexity and uncertainty levels, the service provider in interaction with the buying firm significantly influences service definition, design, and evaluation throughout the outsourcing process. The exchanged service is not determined from the outset of the outsourcing process but it is (re)shaped in an iterative and ongoing fashion. Based on such findings, the chapter calls for increased emphasis on a dynamic and inter-organizational (buyer-service provider) perspective into the study of logistics outsourcing processes.

scholarly journals The “Cultural Landscape” of Australia in Bush Ballads: Slim Dusty’s Aussie Sing Song

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kosecki
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Representative Selection ◽  
Popular Texts ◽  
Selection Of

The concept of the “cultural landscape” designates tangible and intangible elements of human activity, such as the natural environment, material culture, values, behaviours, and language (Taylor 2008, 6; Taylor and Lennon 2011, 538–540; Wierzbicka 1997, 201). These themes are all present in Australian bush ballads – a literary and folk genre that reflects the country’s unique heritage and way of life in simple artistic forms. Slim Dusty’s Aussie Sing Song (1962) – a representative selection of ballads – depicts Australia’s fauna and flora, the Aborigines, the beginnings of European settlement, the economy, the Great Outback, and the social role of drinking beer. The popular texts contain condensed and vivid images of the country’s culture.

How do histone modifications contribute to transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in C. elegans?

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M. Woodhouse ◽  
Alyson Ashe
Keyword(s):  
Histone Modifications ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Epigenetic Inheritance ◽  
Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Histone Methyltransferases ◽  
Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Gene Regulatory

Gene regulatory information can be inherited between generations in a phenomenon termed transgenerational epigenetic inheritance (TEI). While examples of TEI in many animals accumulate, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has proven particularly useful in investigating the underlying molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon. In C. elegans and other animals, the modification of histone proteins has emerged as a potential carrier and effector of transgenerational epigenetic information. In this review, we explore the contribution of histone modifications to TEI in C. elegans. We describe the role of repressive histone marks, histone methyltransferases, and associated chromatin factors in heritable gene silencing, and discuss recent developments and unanswered questions in how these factors integrate with other known TEI mechanisms. We also review the transgenerational effects of the manipulation of histone modifications on germline health and longevity.

Faculty selection of textbooks: Key variables and the role of teaching experience

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aja Taitano ◽  
Bradley Smith ◽  
Cade Hulbert ◽  
Kristin Batten ◽  
Lalania Woodstrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Faculty Selection ◽  
Selection Of
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