Method Selection in Human-Centered Design Teams: An Examination of Decision-Making Strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Rao ◽  
Euiyoung Kim ◽  
Jieun Kwon ◽  
Alice Agogino ◽  
Kosa Goucher-Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Design Teams ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Method Selection

scholarly journals Framing and Tracing Human-Centered Design Teams’ Method Selection: An Examination of Decision-Making Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Rao ◽  
Euiyoung Kim ◽  
Jieun Kwon ◽  
Alice M. Agogino ◽  
Kosa Goucher-Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Design Teams ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Project Outcomes ◽  
Method Selection ◽  
Class Average ◽  
Development Literature

Abstract Designers’ choices of methods are well known to shape project outcomes. However, questions remain about why design teams select particular methods and how teams’ decision-making strategies are influenced by project- and process-based factors. In this mixed-methods study, we analyze novice design teams’ decision-making strategies underlying 297 selections of human-centered design methods over the course of three semester-long project-based engineering design courses. We propose a framework grounded in 100+ factors sourced from new product development literature that classifies design teams’ method selection strategy as either Agent- (A), Outcome- (O), or Process- (P) driven, with eight further subclassifications. Coding method selections with this framework, we uncover three insights about design team method selection. First, we identify fewer outcomes-based selection strategies across all phases and innovation types. Second, we observe a shift in decision-making strategy from user-focused outcomes in earlier phases to product-based outcomes in later phases. Third, we observe that decision-making strategy produces a greater heterogeneity of method selections as compared to the class average as a whole or project type alone. These findings provide a deeper understanding of designers’ method selection behavior and have implications for effective management of design teams, development of automated design support tools to aid design teams, and curation of design method repositories.

Method Selection in Human-Centered Design Teams: An Examination of Decision-Making Strategies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Rao ◽  
Euiyoung Kim ◽  
Jieun Kwon ◽  
Alice Agogino ◽  
Kosa Goucher-Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Design Teams ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Project Outcomes ◽  
Method Selection ◽  
Class Average ◽  
Development Literature

Abstract Designers’ choices of methods are well known to shape project outcomes. However, questions remain about why design teams select particular methodsand how teams’ decision-making strategies are influenced by project- and process-based factors. In this work, we analyze novice design teams’ decision-making strategies underlying 297 selections of human-centered design methods over the course of three semester-long project-based engineering design courses. We propose a framework grounded in 100+ factors sourced from new product development literature that classifies design teams’ method selection strategy as either agent-, outcome-, or process-driven, with eight further subclassifications. Coding method selections with this framework, we uncover three insights about design team method selection. First, we identify fewer outcomes-based selection strategies across all phases and innovation types. Second, we observe a shift in decision-making strategy from user-focused outcomes in earlier phases to product-based outcomes in later phases. Third, we observe that decision-making strategy produces a greater heterogeneity of method selections as compared to the class average as a whole, or project type alone. These findings provide a deeper understanding of designers’ method selection behavior and have implications for effective management of design teams, development of automated design support tools to aid design teams, and curation of design method repositories, e.g., theDesignExchange.

scholarly journals WHAT IS SUCCESSFUL PROTOTYPING? INSIGHTS FROM NOVICE DESIGNERS’ SELF-EVALUATION OF PROTOTYPING SUCCESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3431-3440
Author(s):  
Camilla Arndt Hansen ◽  
Nuno Miguel Martins Pacheco ◽  
Ali Gürcan Özkil ◽  
Markus Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Design Teams ◽  
Fidelity Level ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Fuzzy Front End ◽  
Front End ◽  
Success Criteria ◽  
Novice Designers

AbstractPrototyping is essential for fuzzy front-end product development. The prototyping process answers questions about critical assumptions and supports design decisions, but it is often unstructured and context-dependent. Previously, we showed how to guide novice designers in early development stages with prototyping milestones. Here, we studied the prototyping success perceived by novice design teams. This was done in two steps: (1) teams were asked to assign each prototype to a milestone, a specific purpose, a fidelity level, and a human-centered design lens, and then evaluate the success using a predefined set of criteria. (2) Teams were interviewed about the success of the prototyping process, this time using self-chosen criteria. Results related to (1) show that teams perceived prototyping activities with respect to desirability and problem validation significantly less successful than prototyping activities towards feasibility and solution validation. Results related to (2) show that teams mostly chose success criteria related to how well prototypes supported communication, decision making, learning, and tangibility. This insight may be used to give priorities to further improvement of methods and guidance in these areas.

UUX Method Selection

i-com ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Fischer ◽  
Michaela Kauer-Franz ◽  
Dominique Winter ◽  
Stefan Latt
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Present Article ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Interactive System ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Method Selection ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Context Of Use ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe establishment of human-centered design within software development processes is still a challenge. Numerous methods exist that aim to increase the usability and user experience of an interactive system. Nevertheless, the selection of appropriate methods remains to be challenging, as there are multiple different factors that have a significant impact on the appropriateness of the methods in their context of use. The present article investigates current strategies of method selection based on a conference workshop with practitioners. The results show that usability and user experience professionals concentrate on five to seven well-known methods and will need more support to select and use further ones.

Using “Why and How” to Tap Into Novice Designers’ Method Selection Mindset

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Poreh ◽  
Euiyoung Kim ◽  
Varna Vasudevan ◽  
Alice Agogino
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Teaching Material ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Method Selection ◽  
Knowledge Platform ◽  
Selection Methodology ◽  
The University

Despite the growing utilization of human-centered design, both in academia and industry, there is lack of pedagogical materials that support context-based design method selection. When used properly, design methods are linked to successful outcomes in the design process, but with hundreds of design methods to select from, knowing when and how to use a particular method is challenging. Selecting the appropriate design method requires a deep understanding of the project context. Cultivating a selection methodology that is more contextually aware, equips students with the tools to apply the most appropriate methods to their future academic and industry projects. Using theDesignExchange knowledge platform as a teaching material, we discuss a summer design course at the University of California at Berkeley that encourages students to choose design methods rather than the instructors giving a set list. The findings illustrate that when given the task to select a method, students exhibit contextually-aware method selection mindsets.

The Influence of Team Goal Alignment and Awareness on Human-Centered Design Team Decision-Making Strategy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Rao ◽  
Ananya Krishnan ◽  
Jieun Kwon ◽  
Euiyoung Kim ◽  
Alice Agogino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Design Teams ◽  
Goal Alignment ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Team Decision Making ◽  
Student Teams ◽  
Team Decision ◽  
Team Alignment

Abstract Design team decision-making underpins all activities in the design process. Simultaneously, goal alignment within design teams has been shown to be essential to the success of team activities, including engineering design. However, the relationship between goal alignment and design team decision-making remains unclear. In this exploratory work, we analyze six student design teams’ decision-making strategies underlying 90 selections of design methods over the course of a human-centered design project. We simultaneously examine how well each design team’s goals are aligned in terms of their perception of shared goals and their awareness of team members’ personal goals at the midpoint and end of the design process, along with three other factors underpinning team alignment at the midpoint. We report three preliminary findings about how team goal alignment and goal awareness influence team decision-making strategy that, while lacking consistent significance, invite further research. First, we observe that a decrease in awareness of team members’ personal goals may lead student teams to use a different distribution of decision-making strategies in design than teams whose awareness stays constant or increases. Second, we find that student teams exhibiting lower overall goal alignment scores appear to more frequently use agent-driven decision-making strategies, while student teams with higher overall goal alignment scores appear to more frequently use process-driven decision-making strategies. Third, we find that while student team alignment appears to influence agent- and process-driven strategy selection, its effect on outcome-driven selection is less conclusive. While grounded in student data, these findings provide a starting place for further inquiry into of designerly behavior at the nexus of teaming and design decision-making.

scholarly journals “OPER.TEN” Transform Emergency Now! - facing Covid-19 with Open Innovation and Human Centered Design

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 658-668
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Mincolelli ◽  
Nicolò Cocchi ◽  
Clio Dosi ◽  
Matteo Vignoli
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Design Teams ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Fast Implementation ◽  
Methodological Challenges ◽  
Implementation Capacity ◽  
Tools And Methods

The paper presents “OPER.TEN”, a 10 days program that hybridized Human Centered Design (HCD) with Open innovation (OI), developed in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. The program adapted a HCD methodology so that the design teams could face the challenges of designing during a pandemic, such as relying on remote interactions only.  Methodological challenges are presented as well as tools and methods developed to overcome those challenges. To ensure fast implementation of the results, the HCD methodology was hybridized with pillars of OI by involving stakeholders of the territory that could participate with implementation capacity. The final network involved Universities, Companies, Municipality, and Government. After the design phase, 3 of 4 solutions were successfully implemented in 40 days. Results report how to hybridize a HCD with OI to push rapid implementations.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN AHP UNTUK PEMILIHAN METODE PERENCANAAN ANTARA KONVENSIONAL DENGAN BIM PADA REDESIGN PROYEK KONSTRUKSI

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-273
Author(s):  
Iwan Supriyadi ◽  
Aland Hasbi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Planning Method ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Method Selection ◽  
Global Weight ◽  
Training Cost ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Cost

Abstract  During the construction projects, delays usually happen which are mainly caused by reworks, where 60% of reworks are caused by design failure. Since designs have a major impact on construction projects, there are methods to correctly create a design. Three methods of planning that can be done are conventional, semi-conventional, and BIM methods. The three methods have both advantages and disadvantages. Decision making for method selection for redesigning is very crucial to avoid delays to a project. The three main criteria in method selection are cost, time, and system. This research was done to decide the main criteria, sub-criteria, and an alternative in decision making of method selection for redesigning through the use of AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and analyze conditions on the field with the result of AHP analysis. The result showed that cost was the main criterion with a weight if 0.40 and the sub-criterion for the cost was the HR  training cost with a global weight of 0.21. Alternative planning method selected was the BIM method with a global weight of 0.66. The result of field analysis showed that BIM planning method was 60.4% faster than the conventional method with an increase of training cost by 62.5%. The conclusion of this research was that BIM planning method was more efficient than conventional and semi-conventional planning in the process of re-design.Key words: Re-design, Conventional, BIM, AHPAbstrak Pada pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi, keterlambatan dengan rework menjadi penyebab utama dimana 60% penyebab Rework disebabkan oleh kesalahan desain. Besarnya dampak desain pada proyek konstruksi maka berbagai cara dilakukan untuk menyelesaikan proses desain dengan tepat. Tiga metode perencanaan yang dapat dilakukan yaitu Metode Konvensional, Metode Semi Konvensional, dan Metode BIM. Ketiga metode perencanaan tersebut sama-sama memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan. Pengambilan keputusan saat pemilihan metode perencanaan pada pekerjaan re-design sangat krusial dalam mengurangi keterlambatan proyek. Banyaknya variabel dan kurangnya kriteria obyektif menyulitkan proses pemilihan metode perencanaan re-design. Tiga kriteria utama dalam proses pengambilan keputusan dalam pemilihan metode perencanaan re-design yaitu biaya, waktu, sistem. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan kriteria utama, subkriteria dan alternatif dalam penentuan pengambilan keputusan dalam pemilihan metode perencanaan re-design dengan menggunakan metode AHP (Analytical Hirerachy Process) dan menganalisa kondisi di lapangan dengan hasil analisis AHP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan biaya menjadi kriteria utama dengan bobot sebesar 0.40 dan subkriteria yang terpilih adalah biaya pelatihan SDM dengan bobot global sebesar 0.21. Alternatif metode perencanaan yang dipilih adalah metode perencanaan BIM dengan bobot global sebesar 0.66. Hasil analisis lapangan juga menunjukan bahwa metode perencanaan BIM lebih cepat 60.4% dari metode perencanaan konvensional dengan peningkatan biaya pelatihan sebesar 62.5%. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Metode Perencanaan BIM lebih efisien daripada Perencanaan Konvensional maupun semi-konvensional dalam pengerjaan re-design.Kata kunsi : Re-design, Konvensional, BIM, AHP

Mobile Service Design Thinking for Consumer Decision-Making Under Multichannel Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Ming-Hsiung Hsiao
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Service Design ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Mobile Service ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Human Centered Design

The purpose of this article is to present mobile service design thinking, with the aid of mobile devices and mobile internet, to help consumers make proper decisions throughout the process in today's multichannel environment such that they can complete their activities and thus achieve value. This article first conducts a literature review to examine how consumers conduct activities by using those ancillary services to achieve their value step by step through their decision-making process in the multichannel environment. After that, it adopts the human-centered design toolkit developed by IDEO by three main phases: hear, create, and deliver, which link the process of human-centered design, to present mobile service design thinking. With the ubiquitous ability of mobile devices and mobile network, the mobile service design thinking presented by this study can help consumers make decisions in a more effective and efficient way in the multichannel environment, no matter which channels consumers would finally choose to conduct their activities.

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