scholarly journals Shared Archaeological Heritage: the European Archaeology Days

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Ratier
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Community Archaeology ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
European Dimension ◽  
Conservation Awareness ◽  
Awareness Raising ◽  
Scientific Fields

A discipline where several scientific fields meet, archaeology studies the material traces of civilisations, from prehistory to the contemporary era. By enriching our knowledge of the societies that came before us, it contributes to a better understanding of today's world and helps sharpen citizens' critical outlook. When it comes to protection, conservation, awareness-raising and education, archaeological heritage is a significant societal opportunity for Europe. At a time marked by concerns over identity and community, archaeology is a source of openness and tolerance. The European Archaeology Days can therefore help shape a common identity, while preserving the cultural diversity that characterises a Europe of multiplicity. Developing this initiative could encourage open access to culture for all and, among future generations, foster acceptance of the 'Other' in all their differences. In this context, it feels important to give the event a European dimension.

scholarly journals The Limits of Arbitration Law in Addressing Cultural Diversity: The Example of Ismaili Arbitration in the United Kingdom

Laws ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Sandrine Brachotte
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Legal Pluralism ◽  
The Other ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Arbitration Clause ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Employment Equality

This article studies religious arbitration from the perspective of global legal pluralism, which embraces both normative plurality and cultural diversity. In this context, the article considers that UK arbitration law regulates both commercial and religious arbitration while relying on a monist conception of arbitration. It further identifies two intertwined issues regarding cultural diversity, which find their source in this monist conception. Firstly, through the study of Jivraj v. Hashwani ([2011] UKSC 40), this article shows that the governance of religious arbitration may generate a conflict between arbitration law and equality law, the avoidance of which can require sacrificing the objectives of one or the other branch of law. The Jivraj case concerned an Ismaili arbitration clause, requiring that all arbitrators be Ismaili—a clause valid under arbitration law but potentially not under employment-equality law. To avoid such conflict, the Supreme Court reduced the scope of employment-equality law, thereby excluding self-employed persons. Secondly, based on cultural studies of law, this article shows that the conception of arbitration underlying UK arbitration law is ill-suited to make sense of Ismaili arbitration. In view of these two issues, this article argues that UK arbitration law acknowledges normative multiplicity but fails to embrace the cultural diversity entangled therewith.

scholarly journals Developmental State and Ethnic Federalism in Ethiopia:

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-127
Author(s):  
Zekarias Beshah Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
The Other ◽  
State Model ◽  
Ethnic Federalism ◽  
State Models ◽  
Liberal Approach ◽  
The Right

The ethnic federalization of the post-1991 Ethiopia and the subsequent adoption of developmental state paradigm are the two most important pillars for the country’s political and economic restructuring. An interventionist developmental state model is opted for against the dominant narrative of the non-interventionist neo-liberal approach as the right path to conquer poverty: a source of national humiliation. On the other hand, ethnically federated Ethiopia is considered as an antidote to the historical pervasive mismanagement of the ethno-linguistic and cultural diversity of the polity. The presence of these seemingly paradoxical state models in Ethiopia makes it a captivating case study for analysis. Ethiopia’s experiment of pursuing a developmental state in a decentralized form of governance not only deviates from the prevalent pattern but also is perceived to be inherently incompatible due to the competing approaches that characterize the two systems. This article argues that the way in which the developmental state is being practiced in Ethiopia is eroding the values and the very purposes of ethnic federalism. Its centralized, elitist and authoritarian nature, which are the hallmark of the Ethiopian developmental state, defeats the positive strides that ethnic federalism aspires to achieve, thereby causing discontent and disenfranchisement among a swathe of the society. The article posits that the developmental state can and should be reinvented in a manner that goes in harmony with the ideals of ethnic federalism. The notion of process-based leadership remains one way of reinventing the Ethiopian developmental state model.  

scholarly journals Dialogue with The Master: Early Shī‘a Encounters with Akbarīan Mysticism

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-178
Author(s):  
Leila Chamankhah
Keyword(s):  
Seventh Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Lively Discussion ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ibn Arabi ◽  
The One

Muḥy al-Dīn Ibn ‘Arabī’s theoretical mysticism has been the subject of lively discussion among Iranian Sufis since they first encountered it in the seventh century. ‘Abdul Razzāq Kāshānī was the pioneer and forerunner of the debate, followed by reading and interpreting al-Shaykh al-Akbar’s key texts, particularly Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam (Bezels of Wisdom) by future generations of Shī‘ī scholars. Along with commentaries and glosses on his works, every element of ibn ‘Arabī’s mysticism, from his theory of the oneness of existence (waḥdat al-wujūd) to his doctrines of nubuwwa, wilāya, and khatm al-wilāya, was accepted by his Shī‘ī peers, incorporated into their context and adjusted to Shī‘a doctrinal platform. This process of internalization and amalgamation was so complete that after seven centuries, it is difficult, if not impossible, to distinguish between Ibn ‘Arabī’s theory of waḥdat al-wujūd, or his doctrines of wilāya and khatm al-wilāya and those of his Shī‘ī readers. To have a clearer picture of the philosophical and mystical activities and interests of Shī‘ī scholars in Iran under Ilkhanids (1256-1353), I examined the intellectual and historical contexts of seventh century Iran. The findings of my research are indicative of the contribution of mystics such as ‘Abdul Razzāq Kāshānī to both the school of Ibn ‘Arabī in general and of Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī in particular on the one hand, and to the correlation between Sufism and Shī‘īsm on the other. What I call the ‘Shī‘ītization of Akbarīan Mysticism’ started with Kāshānī and can be regarded as a new chapter in the history of Iranian Sufism.

Reflecții asupra conceptului de artă obiectivă în contextul artei contemporane

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
Carmen Belean
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Arbitrary Element ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Art Forms ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Universe

"Reflections on the concept of objective art in the context of contemporary art. Objective art communicates about the human being and his/her place in the universe, about the cosmic laws and the role they play in human life and provide clues as to how man can relate to them. From literary sources attesting to the idea that art in its origin had the role of transmitting knowledge to future generations, we deduce that in ancient times all art forms could be read like a book, and those who knew how to read, fully understood the meaning of the knowledge that was incorporated in these art forms. Nevertheless, there are two forms of art, one very different from the other: objective art and subjective art. Everything that we call art today is subjective art. Objective art is the authentic work resulted from the deliberate, premeditated efforts of a conscious artist. In the act of his creation, the artist avoids or eliminates any subjective or arbitrary element and the impression that such a work evokes in others is always defined. Keywords: objective art, the art of antiquity, contemporary art "

Paradoxes of Distribution Reforms in Maharashtra

Mapping Power ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 176-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Industrial Flight ◽  
Overall Performance

Maharashtra is locked into a fragile equilibrium of unsustainable subsidies and high cost supply—a pattern initiated by the Enron project and repeated more recently—but mitigated by the fact that the state achieved household electrification earlier than most others, is relatively wealthy and can afford direct subventions, and has plentiful industrial consumers for cross-subsidies. However, Maharashtra’s equilibrium is threatened by the prospect of industrial flight from the grid; the state faces increasing pressure from open access on one hand, which will dilute the ability to cross subsidize, and high cost power on the other. Reforms increased transparency in a way that has made public participation more active, but the state has failed to make the kinds of managerial and organizational improvements that would have improved the overall performance of the sector.

Discourse on Knowledge, Dialogue and Diversity: Peasant Worldviews and the Science of Nature Conservation

1997 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-210
Author(s):  
Pramod Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Human Use ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Compare And Contrast

AbstractThis article suggests that people endowed with an ecosystem operate within their own tradition of knowledge and can offer a useful critique of the increasingly globalised schemes of nature conservation such as parks, sanctuaries and biodiversity preserves. I compare and contrast two competing proposals for nature conservation. While one is the conservation strategy based upon in-farm nurturing of the biodiversity that adheres to the cultural diversity of people residing in an ecosystem, the other is a strategy that excludes the ecosystem people in order to conserve nature. But the contest between the two is not about whether nature should be kept pristine or be made available for human use; it is about the scale of use and the mode of use. It is about who should use, how much, and for what purpose. The debate is also about what kinds of technologies are going to be used in preserving as well as harvesting, using as well as enhancing nature. Ultimately, it is about the very nature of the relationship between human collectivity and non-human collectivity.

Different modes of describing emotions in Chinese

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 307-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengdao Ye
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Linguistic Evidence ◽  
Chinese Perspective ◽  
Linguistic Conventions ◽  
Emotion Talk

This paper examines the different ways in which the body is linguistically codified in the Chinese language of emotions. The three general modes of emotion description under examination are via (a) externally observable (involuntary) bodily changes, (b) sensation, and (c) figurative bodily images. While an attempt is made to introduce a typology of sub-categories within each mode of emotion description, the paper focuses on the meaning of different iconic descriptions through the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM). On one hand, the linguistic evidence, from a Chinese perspective, attests to the emotional universals proposed by Wierzbicka (1999). On the other, it points to cultural diversity in bodily conceptualisation and interpretation in emotional experiences, which are crystallised in linguistic conventions of Chinese emotion talk, including certain syntactic constructions. This paper also demonstrates the importance of examining the language of emotions in emotion studies, and concludes that a full account of emotions must include the examination of the language of emotions.

Cultural Diversity (Fractionalization) and Economic Complexity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letty Y.-Y. Kwan ◽  
Chi-yue Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multinational Study ◽  
Cultural Complexity ◽  
Economic Complexity ◽  
The One ◽  
Ethnolinguistic Fractionalization

Does cultural diversity drive creativity and human development? The answer seems to be no, according to the diversity debit hypothesis. In this chapter, we will review the evidence pertaining to the linkages between cultural diversity, on the one hand, and innovation and human development, on the other. To understand these linkages, we consider the multidimensional nature of cultural diversity and distinguish between cultural fractionalization and cultural complexity. Specifically, we argue with evidence from a multinational study that although the extent of ethnolinguistic fractionalization within a country is negatively related to its innovation performance and progress in human development, cultural complexity is positively related to innovation performance, and it can attenuate the negative association between ethnolinguistic fractionalization and progress in human development.

Virtual Reconstruction as Archaeological Observation: Embracing New Ways of Treating Sites, Places and Landscapes

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Douglass ◽  
Zachary R. Day ◽  
Jeremy C. Brunette ◽  
Peter Bleed ◽  
Douglas Scott
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
The Other ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
Common Heritage ◽  
Online Tutorials ◽  
Virtual Reconstruction ◽  
Southern Oklahoma

AbstractVirtual Reconstruction is a powerful tool broadly suited to a diverse array of archaeological heritage applications. In practice, however, reconstruction has largely focused on grand and monumental sites. Here we present two case studies–one from southern Oklahoma, the other from western Nebraska–to explore the use of this technology for more common heritage applications. The goal of this article is to advertise the dilemma we faced with communicating information on ephemeral sites and how we, as nonspecialists, solved the issue using affordable and accessible digital tools. Our workflow makes use of common tools (GIS) and open source software and online tutorials provide step by step instruction to support its replication. In presenting our experiences and the results of these efforts, we hope to spur similar applications in the use of Virtual Reconstruction to communicate information on archaeological heritage more broadly.

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