scholarly journals Modulation of enteric neurons by interleukin‐6 and corticotropin‐releasing factor contributes to visceral hypersensitivity and altered colonic motility in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 592 (23) ◽  
pp. 5235-5250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria M. Buckley ◽  
Ken D. O'Halloran ◽  
Mark G. Rae ◽  
Timothy G. Dinan ◽  
Dervla O'Malley
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Colonic Motility ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Visceral Hypersensitivity ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals P2X3 Receptor in Primary Afferent Neurons Mediates the Relief of Visceral Hypersensitivity by Electroacupuncture in an Irritable Bowel Syndrome Rat Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fang Zhang ◽  
Zhe Ma ◽  
Zhijun Weng ◽  
Min Zhao ◽  
Handan Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Visceral Pain ◽  
Visceral Hypersensitivity ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Resting Membrane Potential ◽  
Drg Neurons ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Background. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been confirmed effectiveness in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and P2X3 receptors in the peripheral and central neurons participate in the acupuncture-mediated relief of the visceral pain in IBS. Objective. To reveal the neurobiological mechanism that P2X3 receptor of colonic primary sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia of the lumbosacral segment is involved in the alleviation of visceral hypersensitivity by EA in an IBS rat model. Methods. The IBS chronic visceral pain rat model was established according to the method of Al-Chaer et al. EA at the bilateral He-Mu points, including ST25 and ST37, was conducted for intervention. The behavioral studies, histopathology of colon, electrophysiology, immunofluorescence histochemistry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction assays were used to observe the role of P2X3 receptor in the colon and related DRG in relieving visceral hypersensitivity by EA. Results. EA significantly reduced the behavior scores of the IBS rats under different levels (20, 40, 60, 80 mmHg) of colorectal distention stimulation and downregulated the expression levels of P2X3 receptor protein and mRNA in colon and related DRG of the IBS rats. EA also regulated the electrical properties of the membranes, including the resting membrane potential, rheobase, and action potential of colon-associated DRG neurons in the IBS rats. Conclusion. EA can regulate the P2X3 receptor protein and mRNA expression levels in the colon and related DRG of IBS rats with visceral pain and then regulate the excitatory properties of DRG neurons.

scholarly journals Changes in Enteric Neurons of Small Intestine in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Li ◽  
Guijun Fei ◽  
Xiucai Fang ◽  
Xilin Yang ◽  
Xiaohong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Abdominal Massage Reduces Visceral Hypersensitivity via Regulating GDNF and PI3K/AKT Signal Pathway in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Bo Li ◽  
Xiong-Fei Luo ◽  
Si-Wen Liu ◽  
Na Zhao ◽  
Hua-Nan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Visceral Hypersensitivity ◽  
Gut Motility ◽  
Choline Acetyl Transferase ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Enteric Glial Cells ◽  
Abdominal Massage ◽  
Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Changes in gut motility and visceral hypersensitivity are two major features of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Current drug treatments are often poorly efficacious, with many side effects for patients with IBS. Complementary therapies, such as acupuncture or abdominal massage, have received more attention in recent years. In this study, a rat model of IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D) was established by instillation of acetic acid from the colon. The effects of abdominal massage on changes in gut motility, visceral hypersensitivity, and the possible mechanism were investigated. Continuous abdominal massage could decrease the stool consistency score and increase the efflux time of glass beads compared with model groups, while also decreasing mast cell counts in IBS-D rats. The mRNA and protein expressions of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), choline acetyl transferase (CHAT), and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5) were significantly upregulated by continuous abdominal massage compared with model groups. Continuous abdominal massage also improved the ultrastructure of enteric glial cells (EGCs) by decreasing the number of mitochondria and increasing the level of the heterochromatin. Meanwhile, continuous abdominal massage could upregulate the expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and P-Akt/Akt. Furthermore, it could reduce visceral hypersensitivity and improve the IBS-D symptoms by regulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway, which would provide a novel method for the treatment of IBS-D in the clinical setting.

scholarly journals Do corticotropin releasing factor-1 receptors influence colonic transit and bowel function in women with irritable bowel syndrome?

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (6) ◽  
pp. G1299-G1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth Sweetser ◽  
Michael Camilleri ◽  
Sara J. Linker Nord ◽  
Duane D. Burton ◽  
Lorna Castenada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Colonic Motility ◽  
Bowel Function ◽  
Colonic Transit ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), a mediator of stress response, alters gastrointestinal (GI) functions. Stress-related changes in colonic motility are blocked by selective CRF1 receptor antagonists. Our aim was to assess whether modulation of central and peripheral CRF1 receptors affects colonic transit and bowel function in female patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS). This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-wk study evaluated the effects of oral pexacerfont (BMS-562086), a selective CRF1 receptor antagonist, 25 and 100 mg qd, on GI and colonic transit of solids [by validated scintigraphy with primary end point colonic geometric center (GC) at 24 h] and bowel function (by validated daily diaries) in 39 women with D-IBS. The 100-mg dose was comparable to a dose that inhibited colonic motility in stressed rats. Treatment effects were compared by analysis of covariance with baseline colonic transit as covariate. The study had 80% power (α = 0.05) to detect clinically meaningful (26%) differences in colonic transit. Thirty-nine of 55 patients fulfilled eligibility criteria (9 screen failures, 5 baseline GC24 outside prespecified range). At baseline, three treatment groups had comparable age, body mass index, and GC 24 h. Significant effects of pexacerfont relative to placebo were not detected on colonic GC24 ( P = 0.53), gastric emptying, orocecal transit, ascending colon emptying half-time, and stool frequency, consistency, and ease of passage. No safety issues were identified. We conclude that in women with D-IBS, pexacerfont, 25 or 100 mg qd, does not significantly alter colonic or other regional transit or bowel function. The role of central and peripheral CRF1 receptors in bowel function in D-IBS requires further study.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrergic system on colonic motility in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 424 ◽  
Author(s):  
TijenKaya Temiz ◽  
Omer Demir ◽  
Fatma Simsek ◽  
YusufCem Kaplan ◽  
Selen Bahceci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Colonic Motility ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Miltefosine treatment reduces visceral hypersensitivity in a rat model for irritable bowel syndrome via multiple mechanisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Botschuijver ◽  
Sophie A. van Diest ◽  
Isabelle A. M. van Thiel ◽  
Rafael S. Saia ◽  
Anne S. Strik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Visceral Hypersensitivity ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Electroacupuncture Relieves Visceral Hypersensitivity by Inactivating Protease-Activated Receptor 2 in a Rat Model of Postinfectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanli Xu ◽  
Mengqian Yuan ◽  
Xiaoliang Wu ◽  
Hao Geng ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Visceral Hypersensitivity ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Protease Activated Receptor 2 ◽  
Postinfectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Background. The role of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) in the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on visceral hypersensitivity (VH) in postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) has yet to be elucidated. Aim. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the analgesic effect of EA in a rat model of PI-IBS. Methods. Visceral hypersensitivity was evaluated by the abdominal withdrawal reflex test before and after administration of the PAR2 agonist, PAR2-AP, and/or EA. The protein expression and mRNA levels of PAR2, CGRP, SP, and TPSP in colon tissues were measured by immunofluorescence, western blot, and RT-PCR. Results. We found that EA could alleviate VH and significantly decrease protein and mRNA levels of PAR2, TPSP, CGRP, and SP in PI-IBS rats. The analgesic effect of EA on VH was slightly reduced in the presence of PAR2-AP. Conclusions. These results suggest that EA alleviates VH symptoms through downregulation of the levels of the TPSP/PAR2/SP/CGRP signaling axis in colon tissues in PI-IBS rats. Together, our data suggests that PAR2 plays a critical role in the analgesic effect of EA on VH in PI-IBS.

Mo1571 INTRARECTAL ADMINISTRATION OF A TRPV4 ANTAGONIST IMPROVES POST-INFLAMMATORY VISCERAL HYPERSENSITIVITY IN A RAT MODEL FOR IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-900
Author(s):  
Nikita Hanning ◽  
Samuel Van Remoortel ◽  
Hannah Ceuleers ◽  
Heiko U. De Schepper ◽  
Annemieke Smet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Visceral Hypersensitivity ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Intrarectal Administration
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