scholarly journals ‘Metabolic syndrome’ in the brain: deficiency in omega-3 fatty acid exacerbates dysfunctions in insulin receptor signalling and cognition

2012 ◽  
Vol 590 (10) ◽  
pp. 2485-2499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Agrawal ◽  
Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Receptor Signalling ◽  
Insulin Receptor Signalling ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Long‐Chain Acyl‐CoA synthetase 6 deficiency reduces the omega‐3 fatty acid DHA in the brain and disrupts motor control

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Ellis ◽  
Regina F. Fernandez ◽  
Yingwei Zhao ◽  
Jessica L. Counihan ◽  
Daniel K. Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Acyl ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Long Chain

One month of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves lipid profiles, glucose levels and blood pressure in overweight schoolchildren with metabolic syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvador García-López ◽  
Rosina E. Villanueva Arriaga ◽  
Oralia Nájera Medina ◽  
Carmen Paulina Rodríguez López ◽  
Lauro Figueroa-Valverde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Fatty Acid Supplementation ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid

AbstractBackground:This study sought to investigate the effects of omega (ω)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation on the lipid profiles and glucose (GLU) levels of overweight (OW) schoolchildren with metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods:Thirty-nine OW schoolchildren with MS, including 19 girls and 20 boys, received 1-month of dietary supplementation with gel capsules containing ω-3 fatty acids. Fasting lipid profiles and GLU levels were measured before and after supplementation.Results:Both sexes of OW schoolchildren with MS who received daily supplementation with 2.4 g of ω-3 fatty acids for 1 month displayed improved lipid profiles, reduced fasting GLU levels and reduced blood pressure (BP).Conclusions:These findings support the addition of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation to programs aiming to improve the metabolic status of OW children with MS, although additional research on the longer-term safety and efficacy of this treatment in this population is required.

scholarly journals The Influence of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on the Brain Lipidome After Chemotherapy (P15-024-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Solano ◽  
Djawed Bennouna ◽  
Tonya Orchard ◽  
A Courtney DeVries ◽  
Rachel Kopec
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dietary Group ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Brain Lipids ◽  
Fatty Acid Supplementation ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Maresin 1 ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Objectives Solid tumor chemotherapy produces long-term cognitive side effects well beyond treatment, but the structural changes on brain chemistry are unknown. A diet supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids (EPA + DHA) before and during chemotherapy partially protects the cerebral tissue against some of the chemo-induced modifications. We hypothesize that EPA + DHA supplementation results in a greater neuroinflammation-resolving response mediated by specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs i.e., omega-3 derived metabolites which attenuate inflammation), and reduces oxidation of structural brain lipids. Methods For four weeks, ovariectomized mice were fed a 2% kcal EPA + DHA supplemented (n = 60) or control diet (n = 60), followed by two treatments with vehicle (n = 30 per dietary group) or doxorubicin (n = 30 per dietary group). Animals were sacrificed at 4, 7, and 14 days post-treatment, and samples extracted and purified with SPE. Targeted analyses (LC-MS/MS) were performed on extracts, using stable isotope internal standards for SPM quantitation (i.e., resolvin E1, D1, D2, D3, D5, maresin 1, protectin D1). Untargeted LC-HRMS metabolomics analyses were performed on the hippocampal extracts of follow-up set of animals, to determine changes in the brain lipidome. Results Resolvin D1 was quantifiable in all samples regardless of dietary or treatment group, and correlations were observed with orthogonal measures of inflammation in chemo-treated animals. Resolvin D3, maresin 1, and protectin D1 were detected in a subset of animals. A cluster of lipid-based metabolites differentiated animals receiving chemotherapy with omega-3 fatty acid supplementation from those not receiving the supplementation. Conclusions The protective effects of EPA + DHA supplementation on chemo-induced cerebral damage appear to be only partially correlated with SPM synthesis over the time course observed. Funding Sources This research was supported by an OSU Foods for Health Discovery Themes Initiative SEEDS grant. The mouse samples were collected under NIH R01CA189947. The sample analyses were partially supported by NIH Award Number Grant P30 CA016058, OSU, and OSUCCC.

scholarly journals Acyl-CoA synthetase 6 enriches the neuroprotective omega-3 fatty acid DHA in the brain

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (49) ◽  
pp. 12525-12530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina F. Fernandez ◽  
Sora Q. Kim ◽  
Yingwei Zhao ◽  
Rachel M. Foguth ◽  
Marcus M. Weera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Glutamate Metabolism ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Motor Impairments ◽  
Lipid Profiling ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Acyl ◽  
Dha Enrichment ◽  
The Brain

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid that is highly abundant in the brain and confers protection against numerous neurological diseases, yet the fundamental mechanisms regulating the enrichment of DHA in the brain remain unknown. Here, we have discovered that a member of the long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase family, Acsl6, is required for the enrichment of DHA in the brain by generating an Acsl6-deficient mouse (Acsl6−/−). Acsl6 is highly enriched in the brain and lipid profiling of Acsl6−/− tissues reveals consistent reductions in DHA-containing lipids in tissues highly abundant with Acsl6. Acsl6−/− mice demonstrate motor impairments, altered glutamate metabolism, and increased astrogliosis and microglia activation. In response to a neuroinflammatory lipopolysaccharide injection, Acsl6−/− brains show similar increases in molecular and pathological indices of astrogliosis compared with controls. These data demonstrate that Acsl6 is a key mediator of neuroprotective DHA enrichment in the brain.

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