scholarly journals Rapid-rate paired associative stimulation of the median nerve and motor cortex can produce long-lasting changes in motor cortical excitability in humans

2006 ◽  
Vol 575 (2) ◽  
pp. 657-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Quartarone ◽  
Vincenzo Rizzo ◽  
Sergio Bagnato ◽  
Francesca Morgante ◽  
Antonino Sant'Angelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Cortical Excitability ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Paired Associative Stimulation ◽  
Motor Cortical Excitability ◽  
Motor Cortical ◽  
Stimulation Of

A Temporally Asymmetric Hebbian Rule Governing Plasticity in the Human Motor Cortex

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 2339-2345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Wolters ◽  
Friedhelm Sandbrink ◽  
Antje Schlottmann ◽  
Erwin Kunesch ◽  
Katja Stefan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Cortical Excitability ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Long Term Depression ◽  
Human Motor Cortex ◽  
Motor Cortical Excitability ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Motor Cortical

Synaptic plasticity is conspicuously dependent on the temporal order of the pre- and postsynaptic activity. Human motor cortical excitability can be increased by a paired associative stimulation (PAS) protocol. Here we show that it can also be decreased by minimally changing the interval between the two associative stimuli. Corticomotor excitability of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) representation was tested before and after repetitively pairing of single right median nerve simulation with single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) delivered over the optimal site for activation of the contralateral APB. Following PAS, depression of TMS-evoked motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) was induced only when the median nerve stimulation preceded the TMS pulse by 10 ms, while enhancement of cortical excitability was induced using an interstimulus interval of 25 ms, suggesting an important role of the sequence of cortical events triggered by the two stimulation modalities. Experiments using F-wave studies and electrical brain stem stimulation indicated that the site of the plastic changes underlying the decrease of MEP amplitudes following PAS (10 ms) was within the motor cortex. MEP amplitudes remained depressed for approximately 90 min. The decrease of MEP amplitudes was blocked when PAS(10 ms) was performed under the influence of dextromethorphan, an N-methyl-d-aspartate-receptor antagonist, or nimodipine, an L-type voltage-gated calcium-channel antagonist. The physiological profile of the depression of human motor cortical excitability following PAS(10 ms) suggests long-term depression of synaptic efficacy to be involved. Together with earlier findings, this study suggests that strict temporal Hebbian rules govern the induction of long-term potentiation/long-term depression-like phenomena in vivo in the human primary motor cortex.

Modulation of motor cortical excitability following rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation

2007 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman M. Khedr ◽  
John C. Rothwell ◽  
Mohamed A. Ahmed ◽  
Ola A. Shawky ◽  
Mona Farouk
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cortical Excitability ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Motor Cortical Excitability ◽  
Motor Cortical

Paired-pulse measures

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritsuko Hanajima ◽  
Yoshikazu Ugawa
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Cortical Excitability ◽  
Motor Evoked Potential ◽  
Paired Pulse ◽  
Motor Cortical Excitability ◽  
Interhemispheric Connectivity ◽  
Conditioned Motor ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Motor Cortical ◽  
Insight Into

This article reviews the physiology and application of the currently available paired-pulse protocols. Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) techniques study the modulation of human motor cortical excitability. Paired-pulse experiments are designed to give insight into the nature of the cortical circuitry activated by TMS. Changes in motor cortical excitability produced by the conditioning pulse are estimated by changes in the size of the conditioned motor-evoked potential (MEP). It is possible to identify specific abnormalities in the balance between inhibitory and facilitatory processes, even if the pathology lies in abnormal afferent signalling to the motor cortex rather than in the motor cortex itself. The conclusion that emerges from the studies on interhemispheric interactions is that it is now possible by means of TMS protocols to chart long-range functional interhemispheric connectivity of remote areas of the human brain.

Decreased input to the motor cortex increases motor cortical excitability

2006 ◽  
Vol 117 (11) ◽  
pp. 2496-2503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Todd ◽  
Jane E. Butler ◽  
S.C. Gandevia ◽  
Janet L. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Cortical Excitability ◽  
Motor Cortical Excitability ◽  
Motor Cortical

60. Changes in motor cortical excitability following electrical stimulation of the common peroneal nerve

2010 ◽  
Vol 121 (7) ◽  
pp. e33
Author(s):  
Mutsumi Sugaya ◽  
Mitsuhiko Kodama ◽  
Koji Aono ◽  
Hiroshi Tanaka ◽  
Takashi Kasahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Cortical Excitability ◽  
Common Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Motor Cortical Excitability ◽  
The Common ◽  
Motor Cortical ◽  
Stimulation Of
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