ANTIBIOFILM AND ANTIADHESION ACTIVITIES OF PHALERIA MACROCARPA AGAINST ORAL STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ng Yik Hean ◽  
Siti Nur Atiqah Md Othman ◽  
Norazah Basar ◽  
Khairunadwa Jemon
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Natural Antimicrobial ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Oral Streptococcus ◽  
Antiseptic Agent ◽  
Phaleria Macrocarpa ◽  
New Compounds

Dental caries is a major concern in oral healthcare. Continuous research have been performed extensively in finding new compounds that are capable to solve the problems. Phaleria macrocarpa has been identified effective against hypertension, diabetic, cancer, and diuretic acid. In this study, antiadhesion and antibiofilm activities of Streptococcus mutans were investigated using crude extracts of fruit, leaf and stem of P. macrocarpa. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay was conducted to identify the lowest concentration of the extracts required to suppress the activity of S. mutans.  This assay confirmed that all tested extracts were able to inhibit the bacterial activities with concentration of less than 8 mg/mL and thus can be classified as a natural antimicrobial agents.  The extracts were found capable of reducing 50 to 80% of both adhesion and biofilm activity of  S. mutans at 1.56 mg/mL. Results from this study provide a preliminary data for the effectiveness of P. macrocarpa crude extracts as antiadhesion and antibiofilm agent against S. mutans and may have potential for antiseptic agent to treat oral dental caries.                     

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Of Tangerine Powder (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) Against Caries-Causing Bacteria (Streptococcus mutans)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-157
Author(s):  
Framesti Frisma Sriarumtias ◽  
Aji Najihudin ◽  
Nopi Rantika ◽  
Rita Nengsih
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Caries Treatment ◽  
Inhibitory Power

Dental caries is caused by Streptococcus mutans, which lives in the oral cavity and causes plaque on the teeth. Dental caries treatment involves restoration or filling of tooth tissue that has been perforated due to dental caries. The purpose of this study was analyze the effectivity of  tangerine juice powder in preventing the emergence of dental caries caused by Streptococcus mutans. The experimental method was used in this study started by making a powder from tangerine jiuce using freeze drying method, followed by testing the antibacterial activity using the disc diffusion method. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was also sought by measuring the diameter of the clear zone. The results showed that tangerine powder has antibacterial activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 10%. The highest activity of tangerine powder to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacteria was observed at   concentration of 25% with an inhibition zone diameter of 15.8 mm, and is classified as having moderate inhibitory power. According to the result of this study is that tangerine juice powder has a good antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and can be developed into a pharmaceutical ingredients to prevent dental caries.

scholarly journals Uji Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum Ekstrak Daun Gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus Mutans

e-GIGI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen N. Sekeon ◽  
Heriyannis Homenta ◽  
Michael A. Leman
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Cariogenic Bacteria ◽  
Group Design

Abstract: Streptococcus mutans is the most common bacterium that causes dental caries due to its ability to ferment carbohydrates into acid resulting in the decreased pH on the tooth surface. Prevention of dental caries could be achieved by inhibiting the growth of cariogenic bacteria. Various efforts to control and prevent the cariogenic bacteria include the usage of herbal ingredients; one of them is gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L.). These gedi leaves contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, and saponins. This study was aimed to prove that gedi leaf extract had inhibitory effect on the growth of S.mutans and to obtain the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of this extract on the growth of S. mutans. This was a true experimental design with a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Gedi leaf extract was obtained by maceration method in 96% ethanol. The results showed that gedi leaf extract had an antibacterial effect on the growth of S. mutans. We used turbidimetry, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and two times of treatment to obtain the MIC of gedi leaf extract on Streptococcus mutans which was 6.25%. Conclusion: Gedi leaf extract could inhibit the growth of S. mutans with a MIC of 6.25%.Keywords: dental caries, gedi leaf extract (Abelmoschus manihot L.), Streptococcus mutans Abstrak: Streptococcus mutans merupakan bakteri yang paling banyak menyebabkan karies gigi karena bakteri ini berkemampuan memfermentasi karbohidrat menjadi asam yang berakibat turunnya pH pada permukaan gigi. Pencegahan karies gigi dapat dicapai dengan menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri kariogenik. Berbagai upaya dilakukan untuk mengen-dalikan dan mencegah bakteri kariogenik, antara lain dengan menggunakan bahan herbal; salah satunya yaitu tanaman gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.). Daun gedi mengandung senyawa bioaktif antara lain flavonoid, alkaloid, steroid, dan saponin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efek inhibisi ekstrak daun gedi terhadap pertumbuhan S. mutans dan mendapatkan konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) ekstrak daun gedi terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. mutans. Jenis penelitian ini ialah eksperimental murni dengan randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Ekstrak daun gedi dibuat dengan metode maserasi dengan menggunakan etanol 96%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.) memiliki efek antibakteri dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Dengan menggunakan metode turbidimetri dan spektrofotometer UV-Vis dalam 2 (dua) kali perlakuan maka diperoleh KHM ekstrak daun gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.) terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans terdapat pada konsentrasi 6,25%. Simpulan: Ekstrak daun gedi dapat meghambat pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans dengan KHM pada konsentrasi 6,25%.Kata kunci: karies gigi, ekstrak daun gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.), Streptococcus mutans

ACTIVITY OF PERICARP EXTRACT OF MANGOSTEEN AGAINST ORAL STREPTOCOCCI

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Dewi Nurul Mustaqimah ◽  
Josh Erry HW
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Oral Streptococci ◽  
Oral Pathogens

The increasing prevalence of dental caries is still as a major world health problem. Caries is the direct result of acid production by cariogenic oral pathogens, especially Streptococcus mutans. New and better antimicrobial agents active against cariogenic bacteria with minimal side effects on the oral tissues are much needed, especially natural agents derived directly from plants. Phytochemical studies have shown that the extracts from various parts of mangosteen or Garciniamangostana Linn tree contain varieties of secondary metabolites such as prenylated and oxygenated xanthones, many of which have been found in vitro to have antimicrobial properties against oral pathogens. Several studies which examined the eficacy of herbal for human health have shown that xanthones from mangosteen have remarkable biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer etc, and had no cytotoxic effects on human gingival fibroblasts. Their results showed that among these xanthone derivatives obtain from pericarp extract of mangosteen, α-mangostin has the most potent antimicrobial activity against cariogenic Streptococcus mutans. It can be concluded that the strong antimicrobial activity of the pericarp extract of mangosteen is a good drug of choice that might be helpful in preventing the dental caries.

scholarly journals Natural Antimicrobials as Additives for Edible Food Packaging Applications: A Review

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2282
Author(s):  
Sneh Punia Punia Bangar ◽  
Vandana Chaudhary ◽  
Neha Thakur ◽  
Priyanka Kajla ◽  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Natural Antimicrobial ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Edible Packaging ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

Edible packaging is a swiftly emerging art of science in which edible biopolymers like lipids, polysaccharides, proteins, resins, etc., and other consumable constituents extracted from various non-conventional sources are used alone or imbibed together. Edible packaging with antimicrobial components had led to the development of the hypothesis of active packaging which safeguards the quality of foods as well as health of consumers. Natural antimicrobial agents (NAMAs) like essential oils from spices, bioactive compounds derived from vegetables and fruits, animal and microorganism derived compounds having antimicrobial properties can be potentially used in edible films as superior replcement for synthetic compounds, thus serving the purpose of quality and heath. Most of the natural antimicrobial agents enjoy GRAS status and are safer than their synthetic counterparts. This review focuses on updated literature on the sources, properties and potential applications of NAMAs in the food industry. This review also analyzes the biodegradability and biocompatibility and edibility properties of NAMAs enriched films and it can be concluded that NAMAs are better substitutes but affect the organoleptic as well as the mechanical properties of the films. Despite many advantages, the inclusion of NAMAs into the films needs to be investigated more to quantify the inhibitory concentration without affecting the properties of films and exerting potential antimicrobial action to ensure food safety.

Antibacterial Activity of Bohera (Terminaliabellirica) Extract against Dental Carries Causing Bacteria Streptococcus mutans

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
MRB Mizan ◽  
Kamrunnahar ◽  
MAK Azad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Plant Products ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Crude Extracts

Dental caries is very common to people of Bangladesh. The treatment of dental carries is very expensive so alternative lowcost option from plant products are important for the rural people. Bohera (Terminaliabellirica) is known to people for its medicinal values. The antibacterial activity of methanolic extracts of bohera bark and fruits were tested against dental caries causing bacteria Streptococcus mutans. It was found that crude extracts of both bark and fruits of bohera have the antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans. The crude extract was purified with sillica gel (230-300mesh)with gradient elution of methanol, ethanol and chloroform. The purified extract of bohera also showed strong antibacterial activity against dental caries causing bacteria Streptococcus mutans. The rural people of Bangladesh may use the barks and fruits of bohera to control the dental caries problem locally.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(2): 117-120 2017

scholarly journals Small Molecule Compounds, A Novel Strategy against Streptococcus mutans

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1540
Author(s):  
Sirui Yang ◽  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Ran Yang ◽  
Xin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Tooth Discoloration ◽  
Mechanical Removal ◽  
Oral Biofilms ◽  
Novel Strategy

Dental caries, as a common oral infectious disease, is a worldwide public health issue. Oral biofilms are the main cause of dental caries. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is well recognized as the major causative factor of dental caries within oral biofilms. In addition to mechanical removal such as tooth brushing and flossing, the topical application of antimicrobial agents is necessarily adjuvant to the control of caries particularly for high-risk populations. The mainstay antimicrobial agents for caries such as chlorhexidine have limitations including taste confusions, mucosal soreness, tooth discoloration, and disruption of an oral microbial equilibrium. Antimicrobial small molecules are promising in the control of S. mutans due to good antimicrobial activity, good selectivity, and low toxicity. In this paper, we discussed the application of antimicrobial small molecules to the control of S. mutans, with a particular focus on the identification and development of active compounds and their modes of action against the growth and virulence of S. mutans.

scholarly journals DexA70, the Truncated Form of a Self-Produced Dextranase, Effectively Disrupts Streptococcus mutans Biofilm

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Liu ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Maofeng Wang ◽  
Fengyu Zhang ◽  
Chuandong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Host Immunity ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Truncated Form ◽  
Cariogenic Bacteria ◽  
The Past ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatments

Billions of people suffer from dental caries every year in spite of the effort to reduce the prevalence over the past few decades. Streptococcus mutans is the leading member of a specific group of cariogenic bacteria that cause dental caries. S. mutans forms biofilm, which is highly resistant to harsh environment, host immunity, and antimicrobial treatments. In this study, we found that S. mutans biofilm is highly resistant to both antimicrobial agents and lysozyme. DexA70, the truncated form of DexA (amino acids 100–732), a dextranase in S. mutans, prevents S. mutans biofilm formation and disassembles existing biofilms within minutes at nanomolar concentrations when supplied exogenously. DexA70 treatment markedly enhances biofilm sensitivity to antimicrobial agents and lysozyme, indicating its great potential in combating biofilm-related dental caries.

scholarly journals Natural Antimicrobial Agents for the Prevention of Dental Caries: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 115-117
Author(s):  
AKM Shafiul Kadir ◽  
Md Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
Farhana Faruque ◽  
Tilottoma Mohona ◽  
Jannatun Naim Nipun
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Natural Antimicrobial

scholarly journals Improvement in curcumin application for preventing dental caries by embeding in nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Azizi ◽  
Fatemeh Yazdian ◽  
Amir Maghdoudi ◽  
Leila Ghaderi ◽  
Fatemeh Hagirosadat
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Starch Nanoparticles

Introdution: The aim of this research was optimization curcumin characteristics for oral hygiene application. Curcumin-loaded starch nano-particles were developed for enhancing adhesion propery with enamel surface and best anti-bacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans. Methods: The study was the experimental one. The nanoparticles synthesize was based on precipitation and ionic gelation method. Nanoparticles characterization was done by scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and determination of zeta potential. In addition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of nanoparticles against Streptococcus mutans. The binding amount of nanoparticles to hydroxyapatite was evaluated and finally, the curcumin release from the nanoparticles was also assayed. Results: The average size of optimized starch nanoparticles were 61.1 nm. Also, zeta potential was -14.7, mV. Loading contents of nanoparticles were 24.59% measured by optical density from standard calibration curve of curcumin. In addition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of nanoparticles against Streptococcus mutans, was 0.204 and 0.438 mg/mL for starch nanoparticles and pure curcumin, respectively. It was also found that starch nanoparticles had inhibitory effect on bacterial biofilm. Conclusion: Curcumin-loaded starch nano-particles improve adhesion properties and interactions with enamel and prevent dental caries of Streptococcus mutans.

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