Hardware Development of Reflection Mode Ultrasonic Tomography System for Monitoring Flaws on Pipeline

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norsuhadat Nordin ◽  
Mariani Idroas ◽  
Zainal Arifin Zakaria ◽  
M. Nasir Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Ultrasonic Tomography ◽  
Pipe Failure ◽  
Reflection Mode ◽  
Pipe Surface ◽  
Pipeline Inspection ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Mode Detection ◽  
Ring Configuration ◽  
Hardware Development

The pipeline inspection is a key requirement to maintain structural health and pipeline integrity for oil and gas transportation over countries. Pipe failure is a critical problem that needs to be endured within the operational work. The defects or flaws existence on pipeline surface is one of the most leading factors to pipe failures. A new approach of non-destructive technique is implemented to monitor flaws on pipeline by using reflection-mode ultrasonic tomography system. This paper details on the hardware development of ultrasonic tomography system based on reflection mode detection. The system consists of ultrasonic transceiver sensors mounted circularly and contactless to the pipe surface. The modeling work described the ultrasonic ring configuration, ultrasonic signal behavior, sensors arrangement and image grid estimation. The developed instrumentation system is used to detect external and internal flaws on pipe surface. The results show that the reflection-mode ultrasonic tomography is capable to differentiate flaws detected based on the calculated depth verified from the distance measured and through the reconstructed image.

A Novel Electrical Cpacitance Sensor Design For Dual Modality Tomography Multiphase Measurement

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jaysuman Pusppanathan ◽  
Fazlul Rahman Yunus ◽  
Nor Muzakkir Nor Ayob ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim ◽  
Fatin Aliah Phang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Ultrasonic Tomography ◽  
Pipe Surface ◽  
Dual Modality ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Imaging Result ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
Single Sensor ◽  
Capacitance Tomography

Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is one of process tomography technique which is developed rapidly in recent years. ECT is an imaging technique to obtain the internal permittivity distribution of a vessel or pipe by using capacitance electrodes sensor. This method has been integrated with ultrasonic tomography as multimodality system to perform multiphase flow measurement such as crude oil separation and oil process industry. In the present paper, a novel type of ECT sensor was developed using copper FR4 material. The electrode sensors can be flexibly bend or curve to fit the pipe surface for optimum measurement. Thus, every single sensor strip is designed to be functioned independently. Such system has lower sensing capability in the central of the sensing area which often contributes to poor imaging result. This problem can be overcome by combining the ECT with ultrasonic tomography to form a dual modality tomography system. By implementing the new ECT sensor, multiphase flow measurement image results can be achieved. The reconstructed image results are presented in this paper.

scholarly journals Design Consideration for Front-End System in Ultrasonic Tomography

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Muzakkir Nor Ayob ◽  
Muhammad Jaysuman Pusppanathan ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman ◽  
Fazlul Rahman Mohd Yunu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Ultrasonic Transducers ◽  
Ultrasonic Tomography ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Front End ◽  
Hardware Development ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
Electronic Measurement ◽  
Further Development

The hardware development of the ultrasonic tomography comprises three main parts; the sensor unit, electronic measurement circuits combined with a data acquisition system and finally the display unit. The research done is focusing on the design considerations for the sensory unit which is also regarded as the front-end system. This part is an important concern for researchers in the field of ultrasonic, particularly for process tomography. Ultrasonic transducers are very sensitive piezo-mechanical component and as such its installation to complete the front-end system have to be properly configured. Many considerations and parameters that are well planned will promise significant impact on the sensor readings. Measurement errors can occur due to many aspects, thus this research aims to minimize such errors to be useful for further development in ultrasonic tomography system design.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE CONDITION OF A PIPE FIXED IN A CLAMPING DEVICE

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Emin Musa Afandiyev ◽  
Mahammadali Nuraddin Nuriyev
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Pipe Failure ◽  
Pipe Surface ◽  
Tensile Forces ◽  
Cylindrical Parts ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Clamping Device

Due to the fact that clamping devices are widely used in various industries, the requirements for the operation of such devices are constantly increasing. This is due to an increase in the general requirements for processing accuracy, as well as an increase in the forces acting on the clamped part. The reliability of these devices when working with thin-walled cylindrical parts is of great importance. Thin-walled cylinders used in mechanical engineering are subject to significant loads. With prolonged exposure to loads from clamping forces, as well as from axial tensile forces, plastic deformations of cylindrical parts occur. In the oil and gas industry, when clamping drill and casing pipes in some areas in the capture zone, stresses exceed the yield strength. Multiple clamping of the pipe will reduce the pipe wall in the gripping area, which causes premature pipe failure. Therefore, increasing the holding capacity of clamping mechanisms is relevant. Analysis of broken drill pipes, which have been operating in wedge grips for a long time, showed that in most cases the pipes undergo plastic deformation caused by damage to the pipe surface by the teeth of the ram. To clarify the actual conditions of loading the pipe and the possibilities of increasing the capacity of the clamping devices, studies of the contact pressures in the clamping zone were carried out. A new pipe clamping chuck is also presented, which provides a sufficiently high reliability of fastening of cylindrical parts.

Design and Fabrication of a Novel Autonomous Pipeline Scanning Robot

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Karkoub ◽  
Mohamed Gharib ◽  
Fathi H. Ghorbel ◽  
Issam Ben Moallem
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Radial Distance ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Pipe Surface ◽  
Pipeline Inspection ◽  
Minimal Design ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
External Inspection

Energy pipelines require regular inspection and health monitoring against defects, cracks, and corrosion due to the fluid pipe interaction and external environment conditions. Accurate and efficient pipeline inspection is extremely important to the oil and gas industry. Inspection of pipelines is usually carried out either internally using smart pigs and tethered robots or externally with limited inspection options. Internal inspection has many limitations and external inspection is still primitive. However, external inspection has the advantage of being carried out without interruption of the production process. In this paper, a novel design for an autonomous robot for pipeline external inspection is presented. Although, the proposed design is developed mainly to fit a magnetic flux leakage based inspection technique, the robot modular design will fit other inspection methods and applications with minimal design modifications. The proposed robot is designed to carry multiple hall effect sensors and allow adjustment of the radial distance between the sensors and the pipe surface. Also, the robot is able to scan different size pipes and maintain constant distance from the pipe surface. A prototype is fabricated using 3D printer and standard fasteners to evaluate the workability of the proposed design. The initial testing of the developed prototype showed that the robot can be made to move at a constant speed without slipping. The design details and the prototype elements are delineated in this paper.

A Review on Ultrasonic Process Tomography System

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sallehuddin Ibrahim ◽  
Mohd Amri Md Yunus ◽  
Mohd Taufiq Md Khairi ◽  
Mahdi Faramarzi
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Tomography ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
Ultrasonic Process ◽  
Process Vessel

The advantage of using a tomography system is that it provides visualization of component distributions inside a pipe or a process vessel. Tomography is widely used in the medical field. Due to its non-intrusive nature, tomography has caught the interest of various researchers in process applications. There is an extensive research using ultrasonic tomography for various applications. This paper is a review which expounds the principles of ultrasonic tomography systems, the hardware, and the software used in such systems.

Tracerco Discovery: the world's first subsea computed tomography (CT) scanner for non-intrusive pipeline inspection

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Lee Robins
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Pipeline Inspection ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wall Loss

Tracerco Discovery is the world’s first subsea CT scanner, providing high-resolution wall integrity data plus detection of hydrates and other deposits for flow assurance purposes. It is deployed as a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and the inspection is carried out from the outside of the pipeline. It is the only non-invasive technology capable of inspecting unpiggable coated pipelines and there is no need to remove and replace the pipe’s protective coating. Unpiggable pipelines, especially coated ones, have proven extremely difficult (and in most cases impossible) to inspect for integrity and wall loss issues. An externally deployed tool to do this is needed by the global pipeline industry. Gas hydrates and other pipeline deposits pose a large challenge for the oil and gas industry as they can form restrictions that can result in costly shutdowns and serious safety threats. It is, therefore, important to be able to locate such restrictions subsea with high accuracy to allow safe and efficient remediation operations. Discovery benefits: Production can continue and normal operations are not affected. A high-resolution tomographic image of wall thickness and pipe contents at each scanning location is provided to 2 mm resolution. Coating does not need to be removed. Suitable for gas, liquid, or multiphase flow. Suitable for rigid and flexible lines. Pipe-in-Pipe lines and pipe-bundles can be inspected to measure the wall thickness of outer and inner pipes. The presentation of this extended abstract covers the background of the development work, gives a description of the technology, and shows recent results.

Effect of Interference on Stress and Strain Distribution on the Spherical Sealing Cup of a PIG in Dented Pipeline

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Zhang ◽  
Jinhui Dong ◽  
Can Cui ◽  
Ningsheng Liao
Keyword(s):  
Strain Distribution ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Pipeline Transportation ◽  
Pipeline Inspection ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Stress And Strain Distribution

Abstract Regular pigging operation of the pipeline inspection gauges (PIGs) is crucial for pipeline transportation. However, the PIG is often stuck when it runs in the oil and gas pipeline due to the interaction between spherical sealing cup and dent inside the pipe. The stress and strain distribution of the outer edge of the spherical sealing cup can provide a reference to the problem of understanding the blockage. In this study, numerical simulation of a PIG with spherical sealing cups runs through a pipe with dented wall is presented using MSC Marc 2016. Effects of the interference (δ) of the spherical sealing cup on the stress and strain distribution on the outer edge of the cup were discussed based on the model. Simulation results indicate that the smaller the thickness of the spherical sealing cup, the greater the effect of the interference of the cup on the stress. And the thickness of the cup should not be too small, an example of the failure of pigging due to the small thickness of the cup and the increase in the interference is given. The conclusions obtained in this study can contribute to the optimization design of the PIGs.

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