Tracerco Discovery: the world's first subsea computed tomography (CT) scanner for non-intrusive pipeline inspection

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Lee Robins
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Pipeline Inspection ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wall Loss

Tracerco Discovery is the world’s first subsea CT scanner, providing high-resolution wall integrity data plus detection of hydrates and other deposits for flow assurance purposes. It is deployed as a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and the inspection is carried out from the outside of the pipeline. It is the only non-invasive technology capable of inspecting unpiggable coated pipelines and there is no need to remove and replace the pipe’s protective coating. Unpiggable pipelines, especially coated ones, have proven extremely difficult (and in most cases impossible) to inspect for integrity and wall loss issues. An externally deployed tool to do this is needed by the global pipeline industry. Gas hydrates and other pipeline deposits pose a large challenge for the oil and gas industry as they can form restrictions that can result in costly shutdowns and serious safety threats. It is, therefore, important to be able to locate such restrictions subsea with high accuracy to allow safe and efficient remediation operations. Discovery benefits: Production can continue and normal operations are not affected. A high-resolution tomographic image of wall thickness and pipe contents at each scanning location is provided to 2 mm resolution. Coating does not need to be removed. Suitable for gas, liquid, or multiphase flow. Suitable for rigid and flexible lines. Pipe-in-Pipe lines and pipe-bundles can be inspected to measure the wall thickness of outer and inner pipes. The presentation of this extended abstract covers the background of the development work, gives a description of the technology, and shows recent results.

Monitoring of Methane Emissions in Oil and Gas from Space: Matching Needs with Satellite System Capability, and Advantages of High Resolution Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Francois Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
The World

Abstract Satellites are a powerful tool in monitoring methane emissions around the world. In the last five years, many new systems have been both announced and deployed, each with different capabilities and designed for a specific purpose. With an increase in options also comes confusion as to how these systems can and should be used, especially in meeting the needs of the oil and gas industry. This paper will examine the different satellite systems available and explain what information they are best suited to provide. The performance parameters of several current and future satellite systems will be presented and supported with recent examples when available. For example, the importance of factors like frequency of revisit, detection threshold, and spatial resolution will be discussed and contrasted with the needs of the oil and gas industry in gaining a more complete understanding of its methane emissions and enabling action to mitigate them. Results from GHGSat's second generation of high-resolution satellites displaying measurements of methane plumes at oil and gas facilities around the world will be presented to demonstrate some of the advantages of the technology. These two satellites, GHGSat-C1 and C2 (Iris and Hugo), were launched in September 2020 and January 2021 respectively and have started delivering a tenfold improvement in performance after incorporating the lessons learned from their predecessor, GHGSat's demonstration satellite Claire. Finally, the ability of these systems to work together and complement each other's capabilities to provide actionable insight to the oil and gas industry will be discussed.

New Generation of Heavy Wall Thicknesses Line Pipes for HPHT and Ultra-Deep Water Applications

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Crippa ◽  
Lorenzo Motta ◽  
Alessandro Paggi ◽  
Emanuele Paravicini Bagliani ◽  
Alessandro Elitropi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
New Generation

Oil and Gas industry in the last decades has increased the use and need of heavy wall thickness line pipes, in particular for onshore / offshore high pressures and high temperatures (HP/HT) and offshore deep water / ultra-deep water applications. The paper presents the results achieved by Tenaris on seamless line pipes in grades X65/X70, according to API 5L / ISO 3183, with wall thickness in a range from 40 to 60 mm and diameter between 6 5/8” and 16”, produced by hot rolling process followed by quenching and tempering. Such line pipes are able to withstand very demanding conditions, like sour environment, very high pressure and wide temperature range. In this publication, the main outcomes of laboratory testing activities on the mentioned materials will be presented as part of heavy wall line pipe qualification. For this purpose, a special testing program, including mechanical and corrosion tests, has been executed. Material demonstrated an excellent behaviour, exhibiting both mechanical, toughness and stress corrosion properties suitable for the envisaged harsh applications.

Research on Metal Forming in Pipe Ends Upsetting Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 1076-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Erpalov ◽  
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogatov
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Pipe Wall Thickness ◽  
Full Scale Experiment ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Defect Nucleation

Oil country tubular goods (OCTG) are widely used in oil and gas industry. In order to increase joint efficiency of the oil country tubular goods, the process for upsetting their ends is applied. However, the weakness of this upsetting technology is a frequent defect creation on the inner surface of the final product. These imperfections are surface breakings that reduce the effective pipe wall thickness; they are detected close to the upset ends of the pipe. Computer simulation and full-scale experiment were used to study this defect nucleation. According to this research, the occurrence of defects is correlated with average pipe wall thickness, non-uniform wall thickness of the blank, heating mode and friction conditions. The results of full-scale experiment confirm the main conclusions made in the course of the finite element simulation. The research results define the interdependence of actual size of the blank and the operating tool calibration.

scholarly journals Analysis of buried pipelines laid under the pipelines operation, is subjected to operational loads

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmila Muravieva ◽  
Igor Ovchinnikov
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Compressive Yield Strength ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Load Effects ◽  
Bending Loads ◽  
Definition Of

Today’s successful operation within the oil and gas industry is based on the triangle “Safety – Reliability – Profitability (Efficiency)”. It is of high importance to properly balance these different and sometimes opposite positions. The article describes the characteristics of the strength of the buried offshore pipeline. Pipe geometric imperfections as the cross section ovality, combined load effects as axial and bending loads superimposed to the external pressure, material properties as compressive yield strength in the circumferential direction and across the wall thickness etc., significantly interfere in the definition of the demanding, in such projects, minimum wall thickness requirements.

Design and Fabrication of a Novel Autonomous Pipeline Scanning Robot

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Karkoub ◽  
Mohamed Gharib ◽  
Fathi H. Ghorbel ◽  
Issam Ben Moallem
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Radial Distance ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Pipe Surface ◽  
Pipeline Inspection ◽  
Minimal Design ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
External Inspection

Energy pipelines require regular inspection and health monitoring against defects, cracks, and corrosion due to the fluid pipe interaction and external environment conditions. Accurate and efficient pipeline inspection is extremely important to the oil and gas industry. Inspection of pipelines is usually carried out either internally using smart pigs and tethered robots or externally with limited inspection options. Internal inspection has many limitations and external inspection is still primitive. However, external inspection has the advantage of being carried out without interruption of the production process. In this paper, a novel design for an autonomous robot for pipeline external inspection is presented. Although, the proposed design is developed mainly to fit a magnetic flux leakage based inspection technique, the robot modular design will fit other inspection methods and applications with minimal design modifications. The proposed robot is designed to carry multiple hall effect sensors and allow adjustment of the radial distance between the sensors and the pipe surface. Also, the robot is able to scan different size pipes and maintain constant distance from the pipe surface. A prototype is fabricated using 3D printer and standard fasteners to evaluate the workability of the proposed design. The initial testing of the developed prototype showed that the robot can be made to move at a constant speed without slipping. The design details and the prototype elements are delineated in this paper.

Collapse Propagation of Deep Water Pipelines

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula França de Souza ◽  
Rafael F. Solano ◽  
Fabio B. de Azevedo ◽  
Erwan Karjadi ◽  
Caroline Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Water Pipelines ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Pipeline Design

Nowadays, the global trend is an increasing need for oil and gas. As the easily recoverable fields have been already developed, the trend in the offshore oil and gas industry is going deeper into the more challenging outlook, such as outside West Africa, the Brazilian Pre-Salt developments and in the Gulf of Mexico. For ultra-deep waters the main design challenge is related to the high external pressure that may cause collapse of pipelines. This potential failure mode is normally dealt with by increasing the pipe wall thickness, but at ultra-deep waters this may require very thick pipe that becomes very costly, difficult to manufacture and hard to install due to its weight. Facing the challenges of the pipeline design for ultra-deep waters, the Collapse Joint Industry Project (JIP) was started to develop a guideline for wall thickness design optimization for offshore pipelines with external diameter to wall thickness ratio less than 20 (D/t < 20). As part of the JIP, nine buckle propagation tests were conducted on full scale seamless pipes. This paper describes these experiments and new conclusions that were raised in light of the test results.

scholarly journals Inlet pressure simulation of pigging in uphill gas pipeline

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honggang He ◽  
Zheng Liang ◽  
Yishan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Inlet Pressure ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Flow Equations ◽  
Pipeline Inspection ◽  
Common Operation

Pipe cleaning is a common operation in the oil and gas industry. In this paper, the governing equation of the pipeline inspection gauge (PIG, lowercase pig is commonly used) speed is combined with the gas flow equations. The method of characteristics (MOC) is used to solve the transient equations of gas flow. And the process of a pig passing over an uphill section of a gas pipeline is simulated. The results indicate that a pig may get stuck in uphill gas pipeline, due to the coupling of the gas and the pig. Under these circumstances, a higher pressure of the upstream could be helpful for driving the pig in motion. Additionally, the ratio of inlet pressure rise during the pigging process is primarily determined by the inclination of the uphill section. In addition, a formula to predict the inlet pressure during pigging in an uphill pipe is presented. Furthermore, the proposed method and solution can be utilized to predict the speed and position of the pig, as well as the gas pressure and the stoppage of the pig in hilly gas pipelines.

Sectorial Scanning Electromagnetic Defectoscope: The Next Stage in Well Integrity Diagnostics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulat Ganiev ◽  
Azat Lutfullin ◽  
Ildar Karimov ◽  
Rinat Shaydullin ◽  
Vener Nagimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Pipe Wall Thickness ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Well Integrity ◽  
Electromagnetic Scanning

Abstract The paper presents a new technology for the oil and gas industry for azimuthal electromagnetic scanning of the first tubular wall defects, the basis of which is a small-sized sector scanning tool that measures the pipe wall thickness. The paper presents the results of laboratoryand well tests, as well as the early field surveys using this technology. These constitute thebasis on which the actual sensitivity of the technology and its prospects in diagnosing well integrity are determined.

scholarly journals Speed Simulation of Pig Restarting from Stoppage in Gas Pipeline

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honggang He ◽  
Zheng Liang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Pipeline Inspection ◽  
Common Operation

Pigging is a common operation in the oil and gas industry. Because of the compressibility of the gas, starting up a pipeline inspection gauge (pig) from a stoppage can generate a very high speed of the pig, which is dangerous to the pipe and the pig itself. Understanding the maximum speed a pig achieves in the restarting process would contribute to pig design and safe pigging. This paper presents the modeling of a pig restarting from a stoppage in gas pipeline. In the model, the transient equations of gas flow are solved by method of characteristics (MOC). Runge-Kutta method is used for solving the pig speed equation. The process of a pig restarting from a stoppage in a horizontal gas pipe is simulated. The results indicate that the maximum speed a pig achieves from a stoppage is primarily determined by the pressure of the pipe and the pressure change caused by the obstructions. Furthermore, response surface methodology (RSM) is used to study the maximum speed of pig. An empirical formula is present to predict the maximum speed of a pig restarting from a stoppage in gas pipeline.

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