Penggunaan Alat Bantu Mengajar Dan Hubungannya Dengan Pencapaian Kemahiran Mendengar Bahasa Arab

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Mohd Rahimi Nik Yusoff ◽  
Kamarulzaman Ab. Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Listening Skills ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Listening Test ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Teaching Aids ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Teaching Technique

Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti pengamalan teknik pengajaran kemahiran mendengar bahasa Arab, mengenal pasti tahap penggunaan Alat Bantu Mengajar (ABM) dalam pengajaran bahasa Arab, mengenal pasti tahap pencapaian kemahiran mendengar bahasa Arab dan akhir sekali mengenal pasti perbezaan pencapaian kemahiran mendengar bahasa Arab antara kumpulan yang menggunakan ABM dengan yang tidak menggunakan ABM. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian tinjauan semasa dengan menggunakan dua set soal selidik untuk pelajar dan satu set ujian kemahiran mendengar bahasa Arab. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa pengamalan teknik pengajaran berada pada tahap rendah; tahap penggunaan ABM juga berada pada rendah; tahap pencapaian kemahiran mendengar bahasa Arab berada pada tahap sederhana; dan terdapat perbezan yang signifikan antara kumpulan pelajar yang didedahkan dengan ABM dengan kumpulan pelajar yang tidak didedahkan dengan ABM. Kata kunci: Kemahiran mendengar bahasa Arab; teknik pengajaran kemahiran mendengar bahasa Arab; alat bantu mengajar The aims of this study are to identify the practice of Arabic listening teaching technique in teaching Arabic, to identify the use of the teaching aids in teaching Arabic, to identify the level of Arabic listening skills, and lastly to identify the differences of Arabic listening skills between students who were exposed and students who were not exposed to the teaching aids. This study used the cross sectional research design and employed two sets of questionnaires for students and one set of Arabic listening test. The results showed that the practice of Arabic listening teaching technique in teaching Arabic was at the low level; the use of teaching aids in teaching Arabic was also at the low level; the Arabic listening skills was however at the moderate level; and there was a significant difference in Arabic listening achievement between students who were exposed and students who were not exposed to the teaching aids. Key words: Arabic language listening skills; teaching of Arabic language listening skills; teaching aids material

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF LANGUAGE GAME TECHNIQUE AND LEARNING MOTIVATION TOWARDS MASTERY OF VOCABULARY (An Experimental at V grade MIN Hadiluwih Sumberlawang Sragen)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Dewi Fitriyani
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Language Game ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Teaching Technique ◽  
Level Design ◽  
Lower Group

The objective of this experimental research is to find out the effect of language game technique and learning motivation towards the result of Arabic learning. The research was conducted at MIN Hadiluwih Sumberlawang Sragen involving 32 samples which were selected using simple random sampling. Twentyfive person of the sample were selected from the upper group and the rest 25% werefrom the lower group with the total of32 students. The design used in this research was a treatment by level design 2 X 2 two wayanova. The findings of this research showed: (1) the result of Arabic learning of the group using word bingo technique is higher than the group of the students using puzzle game technique, (2) there is an interaction effect between game technique and learning motivation, (3) high motivated group of students using word bingo game technique result higher than the groupof students using puzzle game technique, (4) low motivated group of students using word bingo and puzzle game technique do not show significant difference in the result ofArabic learning. Based on t~efindings, it can be recommended that teachers of Arabic language to apply word bingo and puzzle game technique as a variation in teaching technique by considering the students learning motivation in selecting the teaching technique. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik permainan dan motivasi belajar terhadap penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arabbahasa Arab. Penelitian ini dilakukan di MIN Hadiluwih Sumberlawang Sragen dengan 32 sampel yang dipilih dengan sampling acak sederhana. Sampel diambil 25% dari kelompok motivasi belajar tinggi dan 25% dari kelompok motivasi belajar rendah,jadi sampel32 siswa. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah by level design 2 x 2 ANOVA duajalur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arabbahasa Arab kelompok siswa yang belajar dengan teknik bingo kata lebih tinggi daripada kelompok siswa yang belajar dengan teknik permainan susun kata (puzzle). (2) Adanya interaksi antara teknik permainan dan motivasi belajar. (3) kelompok siswa dengan motivasi belajar tinggi yang belajar dengan teknik permainan bingo kata lebih tinggi daripada penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arabkelompok siswa yang belajar dengan teknik permainan susun kata (puzzle).(4) penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arabbahasa Arab kelompok siswa dengan motivasi rendah yang belajar dengan teknik permainan bingo kata dan susun kata (puzzle) tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disarankan kepada guru bahasa Arab untuk menggunakan teknik permainan bingo kata dan susun kata (puzzle) sebagai variasi teknik pengajaran dan tetap harus mempertimbangkan tingkat motivasi belajar siswa dalam memilih suatu teknik pengajaran.

scholarly journals Sikap Orang Tua dan Siswa Terhadap Penerapan Protokol Kesehatan 5M pada Pembukaan Sekolah Tatap Muka di Masa Pandemi COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Ai Evi ◽  
Tuti Surtimanah ◽  
Mila Mardotilah
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Purposive Sample

Latar Belakang.COVID-19 menjadi pandemi global, kasus baru COVID-19 masih terus bertambah dan memengaruhi segala bidang kehidupan termasuk sekolah harus dilakukan secara daring. Ada keinginan membuka sekolah tatap muka langsung, untuk itu perlu diketahui sikap siswa dan orang tua terkait penerapan protokol kesehatan sebagai masukan untuk kebijakan. Tujuan.identifikasi sikap orang tua dan siswa terhadap penerapan protokol kesehatan 5M pada pembukaan sekolah tatap muka dimasa pandemi COVID-19.Metode.Menggunakan disain penelitian deskriptif komparatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi siswa dan orang tua siswa Madrasah Aliyah 384 orang dengan sampel purposif 160 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner yang dikemas menggunakan Google form.Hasil. Sebanyak 86,3% orang tua dan 82,5% siswa bersikap positif (mendukung) penerapan protokol kesehatan 5M.  Tidak adanya signifikan (p-value=0,469) antara sikap orang tua dan siswa. Sebagian besar orang tua (88,8%) dan siswa (90%) menyatakan tidak ada hambatan dalam penerapan protokol kesehatan 5M.Kesimpulan. Orang tua dan siswa sama-sama bersikap positif (mendukung) penerapan protokol kesehatan 5M pada pembukaan sekolah tatap muka di masa pandemic COVID-19. Orang tua diharapkan mendorong dan memfasilitasi siswa menerapkan 5M secara konsisten, sekolah mempersiapkan pengaturan pelaksanaan dan penyediaan sarana pendukung penerapan 5M.  ABSTRACTBackground.COVID-19 is a global pandemic. New cases of COVID-19 continue to grow and affect all areas of life, including schools thatmust be conducted online. There is a desire to open a face-to-face school; therefore, it is necessary to know the attitudes of students and parents regarding the implementation of health protocols as input for the policy. Objective.identify parents' and students' attitudes towards applying the 5M health protocol at the opening of face-to-face schools during the COVID-19 pandemic.Method.used comparative descriptive research design with a cross-sectional approach. The population of parents and students are 384 people, with a purposive sample of 160 people. The data was collected using questionnaires packaged in Google forms. Results.86.3% of parents and 82.5% of students supported the implementation of the 5M. There was no significant difference (p-value=0.469) between parents' and students' attitudes. Most parents (88.8%) and students (90%) stated no obstacles in implementing the 5M health protocol.Conclusion: Parents and students positively support implementing the 5M health protocol at the opening of face-to-face schools during the COVID-19 pandemic. Parents should encourage and facilitate students to apply 5M consistently, schools prepare implementation arrangements and provide supporting facilities for implementing 5M

scholarly journals USING ENGLISH MOVIES AND TV PROGRAMS FOR DEVELOPING LISTENING SKILLS OF EFL LEARNERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rastislav Metruk
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Listening Skills ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Listening Test ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Post Hoc

The skill of listening has always been regarded as one of the primary skills in foreign language teaching. The article attempts to investigate the effects of employing ICT, namely extensive viewing of movies and TV programs, on listening skills of EFL (English as a foreign language) learners. A total of 18 students of Teaching English Language and Literature study program were targeted for this preliminary study. Based on the data acquired by a questionnaire, they were divided into three groups: those who watch movies and TV programs in the original in English on a daily basis 1 hour a day, 2 hours a day, and 3 and more hours a day. Afterwards, all the participants took a listening test, and the obtained data were subsequently analyzed using the Friedman ANOVA non-parametric statistical test and a post-hoc test. The preliminary results illustrate that despite the fact that some differences in the mean scores were observed, no statistically significant difference was detected in the listening test scores between the three groups (p = 0.31). In a similar way, the post-hoc test yielded the same results (p = 0.68; p = 0.22; p = 0.22). Thus, the amount of daily exposure to watching English movies and TV programs in the original did not seem to occupy a substantial role in relation to listening skills of EFL learners. It is vital that further research, on a larger sample of respondents, be conducted, also due to the fact that the exploration of this field of English language teaching and learning is still in its infancy. Extensive listening (extensive viewing) represents a useful and popular way of improving listening skills, which requires attention of teachers and students, and this preliminary study explores whether higher exposure to viewing movies and TV programs results in better listening skills of EFL learners.

scholarly journals Síndrome de burnout en el personal de enfermería de unidades de cuidado crítico y de hospitalización

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-506
Author(s):  
Militza Saraí Rendón Montoya ◽  
Sandra Lidia Peralta Peña ◽  
Eva Angelina Hernández Villa ◽  
Reyna Isabel Hernández Pedroza ◽  
María Rubi Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Nursing Personnel ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Shift ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Significant Difference

Introducción: El objetivo del estudio fue identificar la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout y sus dimensiones en el personal de enfermería de unidades de cuidado crítico y de hospitalización.Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional descriptivo, transversal en 90 enfermeras y enfermeros. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Maslach Burnout Inventory para el personal de salud. Se realizó análisis exploratorio y análisis descriptivo e inferencial; se emplearon los estadísticos U de Mann Whitney y Kruskal Wallis.Resultados: Se encontró nivel medio de Síndrome de Burnout 82.2%; Agotamiento Emocional bajo 62.2%; nivel bajo de Despersonalización 57.8% y nivel bajo de Falta de Realización Personal 40%. Se evidenció diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre Síndrome de Burnout y turno de trabajo, doble turno al mes, períodos vacacionales al año y carga de trabajo; entre Agotamiento Emocional y tipo de servicio, ingreso quincenal, doble turno al mes, períodos vacacionales, tipo de contratación y carga de trabajo; entre Despersonalización y carga de trabajo; y entre Falta de Realización Personal y tipo de servicio, gusto por el servicio, turno de trabajo, ingreso quincenal, períodos de descanso en el turno, períodos vacacionales al año y tipo de contratación.Conclusiones: Un porcentaje mayor del personal de enfermería obtuvo nivel medio de Síndrome de Burnout. No se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el síndrome de Burnout y sus dimensiones con las características sociológicas del personal de enfermería. Se encontró evidencia de que las características laborales son las que presentan mayor influencia en el desarrollo del Síndrome de Burnout. Introduction: The objective of the study was to identify the prevalence of the Burnout Syndrome and its dimensions in the nursing personnel working in the critical care and hospitalization units.Methodology: A descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study was performed in 90 nurses. The Maslach Burnout Inventory for health personnel was used. An exploratory, descriptive, and inferential analysis was carried out; the Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests statistics were used.Results: A medium level regarding the burnout syndrome, 82.2%, was found; emotional exhaustion decreased by 62.2%; low level of depersonalization, 57.8%, and low level of lack of personal accomplishment, 40%. There was a statistically significant difference between burnout syndrome and work shift, double work shift per month, vacation periods per year, and workload; between emotional exhaustion and type of service, two-week income, double work shift, vacation periods, type of procurement, and workload; between depersonalization and workload; and between lack of personal accomplishment and type of service, work shift, two-week income, rest period during the shift, vacation periods per year, and type of procurement. Conclusions: A higher percentage of nursing personnel had a mild burnout syndrome. No statistically significant difference between burnout syndrome and its dimensions and the sociological characteristics of the nursing personnel was found. Evidence that job characteristics are those that show more influence in the development of the burnout syndrome was found.

scholarly journals CONSISTENCY OF THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE USE OF PROSPECTIVES FOR DETERMINING THE AREA OF A PARALLELA AND TRIANGLE AREA FOR STUDENTS OF SDN 6 MATARAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Ketut Sarjana ◽  
Endang P. Handayani ◽  
Siti Aminah ◽  
Nuraini Nuraini
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Teaching Aids ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Instructions For Use

The approach used in this research is a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental research design. The purpose of this study was to test the consistency and effectiveness of the instruction manual for determining the area of a parallelogram and the area of a triangle for students of SD 6 Mataram. To achieve this goal, tools and instructions for use were used in learning for the 111th-grade students of SDN 6 Mataram and divided into 3 classes. Because the research was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, the media was designed to be a learning video that describes the use of props, and their operational guidelines are narrated in the video. The video that contains the use of the tool is considered very in accordance with the instructions for use|| props. The results of the evaluation showed that there was no significant difference in the mean scores of the three pairs of classes (significance level 5% |t_h | < t_table = 2,0002). On the other hand, the completeness obtained by students in each class is >80% (KKM=70). This means that there is complete student learning about the area of a parallelogram and the area of a triangle. Thus, it can be concluded that the teaching aids for determining the area of a parallelogram and the area of a triangle and the instructions for use are consistently effective in helping students achieve complete learning on the material for the area of a parallelogram and the area of a triangle.

scholarly journals The Effects of Preprocessing Strategies for Pediatric Cochlear Implant Recipients

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 085-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Rakszawski ◽  
Rose Wright ◽  
Jamie H. Cadieux ◽  
Lisa S. Davidson ◽  
Christine Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Individual Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Listening Environments

Background: Cochlear implants (CIs) have been shown to improve children’s speech recognition over traditional amplification when severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss is present. Despite improvements, understanding speech at low-level intensities or in the presence of background noise remains difficult. In an effort to improve speech understanding in challenging environments, Cochlear Ltd. offers preprocessing strategies that apply various algorithms before mapping the signal to the internal array. Two of these strategies include Autosensitivity Control™ (ASC) and Adaptive Dynamic Range Optimization (ADRO®). Based on the previous research, the manufacturer’s default preprocessing strategy for pediatrics’ everyday programs combines ASC + ADRO®. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare pediatric speech perception performance across various preprocessing strategies while applying a specific programming protocol using increased threshold levels to ensure access to very low-level sounds. Research Design: This was a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study. Participants completed speech perception tasks in four preprocessing conditions: no preprocessing, ADRO®, ASC, and ASC + ADRO®. Study Sample: Eleven pediatric Cochlear Ltd. CI users were recruited: six bilateral, one unilateral, and four bimodal. Intervention: Four programs, with the participants’ everyday map, were loaded into the processor with different preprocessing strategies applied in each of the four programs: no preprocessing, ADRO®, ASC, and ASC + ADRO®. Data Collection and Analysis: Participants repeated consonant–nucleus–consonant (CNC) words presented at 50 and 70 dB SPL in quiet and Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) sentences presented adaptively with competing R-SpaceTM noise at 60 and 70 dB SPL. Each measure was completed as participants listened with each of the four preprocessing strategies listed above. Test order and conditions were randomized. A repeated-measures analysis of was used to compare each preprocessing strategy for the group. Critical differences were used to determine significant score differences between each preprocessing strategy for individual participants. Results: For CNC words presented at 50 dB SPL, the group data revealed significantly better scores using ASC + ADRO® compared to all other preprocessing conditions while ASC resulted in poorer scores compared to ADRO® and ASC + ADRO®. Group data for HINT sentences presented in 70 dB SPL of R-SpaceTM noise revealed significantly improved scores using ASC and ASC + ADRO® compared to no preprocessing, with ASC + ADRO® scores being better than ADRO® alone scores. Group data for CNC words presented at 70 dB SPL and adaptive HINT sentences presented in 60 dB SPL of R-SpaceTM noise showed no significant difference among conditions. Individual data showed that the preprocessing strategy yielding the best scores varied across measures and participants. Conclusions: Group data reveal an advantage with ASC + ADRO® for speech perception presented at lower levels and in higher levels of background noise. Individual data revealed that the optimal preprocessing strategy varied among participants, indicating that a variety of preprocessing strategies should be explored for each CI user considering his or her performance in challenging listening environments.

Personal Audio System: Hearing Symptoms, Habits, and Sound Pressure Levels Measured in Real Ear and a Manikin

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 2016-2026
Author(s):  
Tamara R. Almeida ◽  
Clayton H. Rocha ◽  
Camila M. Rabelo ◽  
Raquel F. Gomes ◽  
Ivone F. Neves-Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Real ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels ◽  
Audio System

Purpose The aims of this study were to characterize hearing symptoms, habits, and sound pressure levels (SPLs) of personal audio system (PAS) used by young adults; estimate the risk of developing hearing loss and assess whether instructions given to users led to behavioral changes; and propose recommendations for PAS users. Method A cross-sectional study was performed in 50 subjects with normal hearing. Procedures included questionnaire and measurement of PAS SPLs (real ear and manikin) through the users' own headphones and devices while they listened to four songs. After 1 year, 30 subjects answered questions about their usage habits. For the statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey's post hoc test, Lin and Spearman coefficients, the chi-square test, and logistic regression were used. Results Most subjects listened to music every day, usually in noisy environments. Sixty percent of the subjects reported hearing symptoms after using a PAS. Substantial variability in the equivalent music listening level (Leq) was noted ( M = 84.7 dBA; min = 65.1 dBA, max = 97.5 dBA). A significant difference was found only in the 4-kHz band when comparing the real-ear and manikin techniques. Based on the Leq, 38% of the individuals exceeded the maximum daily time allowance. Comparison of the subjects according to the maximum allowed daily exposure time revealed a higher number of hearing complaints from people with greater exposure. After 1 year, 43% of the subjects reduced their usage time, and 70% reduced the volume. A volume not exceeding 80% was recommended, and at this volume, the maximum usage time should be 160 min. Conclusions The habit of listening to music at high intensities on a daily basis seems to cause hearing symptoms, even in individuals with normal hearing. The real-ear and manikin techniques produced similar results. Providing instructions on this topic combined with measuring PAS SPLs may be an appropriate strategy for raising the awareness of people who are at risk. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12431435

Internalizing Behavior During the Transition from Childhood to Adolescence

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Vierhaus ◽  
Arnold Lohaus ◽  
Indra Shah
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Fourth Graders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Graders ◽  
Internalizing Behavior ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The One

This investigation focuses on the question whether assessments of the development of internalizing behavior from childhood to adolescence are affected by the kind of research design (longitudinal versus cross-sectional). Two longitudinal samples of 432 second-graders and 366 fourth graders participated in a longitudinal study with subsequent measurements taken 1, 2, and 3 years later. A third sample consisting of 849 children covering the same range of grades participated in a cross-sectional study. The results show that the development of internalizing symptoms in girls – but not in boys – varies systematically with the research design. In girls, there is a decrease of internalizing symptoms (especially between the first two timepoints) in the longitudinal assessment, which may reflect, for example, the influence of strain during the first testing situation. Both longitudinal trajectories converge to a common trajectory from grade 2 to grade 7 when controlling for this “novelty-distress effect.” Moreover, when we control this effect, the slight but significant decrease characterizing the common trajectory becomes similar to the one obtained in the cross-sectional study. Therefore, trajectories based on longitudinal assessments may suggest more changes with regard to internalizing symptoms over time than actually take place, while trajectories based on cross-sectional data may be characterized by an increased level of internalizing symptoms. Theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.

Parent’s Experiences from the Treatment of their Children at the Physic Children’s Surgery Clinic in Skopje.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Trajchevska ◽  
A. Lleshi ◽  
S. Gjoshev ◽  
A. Trajchevski
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Parental Satisfaction ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Significant Independent Predictor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The respect of the needs and wishes of the patients is in the focus of the human health system. The experience of the parents in terms of child’s health care may be used as an indicator of quality of the health care. Material and methods: The research is a quantitative analytical cross-sectional study. In accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, simple random sample of 207 parents / guardians is covered, whose children in the period of three months, had been hospitalized in the hospital department JZUU Pediatric Surgery Clinic in Skopje.It was used a two parted questionnaire. The first part is a standardized questionnaire (Parent Experience of Pediatric Care - PECP), and the second part concerns the general socio-demographic data of the parent/guardian. Statistical evaluation was performed using appropriate statistical programs (Statistics for Windows 7,0 and SPSS 17.0). Results: In accordance with the age of the parents, the survey respondents were divided into two groups: a) age ≤ 33 years - 107 (51.69%) and b) age> 33 years - 100 (48.31%).Significant independent predictor of parental satisfaction from the receipt of their child to the clinic research confirms the age of the parent under / over 33 years due to 4.1% of the change in satisfaction (R2 = 0,041). Parents generally believe that their children's room of the clinic is "good", without significant difference between parental satisfaction from both age groups (Mann-Whitney U Test Z = -0,9613 p = 0,3364). Significant independent predictor of parental satisfaction from the room of their child improves the health status after treatment due to 6% of the change in satisfaction (R2 = 0,060). Parents generally believe that testing and treatment of their children in the clinic was "very good" and an independent significant predictor is to improve the health status after the treatment - 7,8% (R2 = 0,078). Conclusions: Regardless of the generally good parental satisfaction about health care for their children, it is necessary to continuously monitor the status of the clinic in order to consider the possible deficiencies and needs of intervention.

AWARENESS ABOUT INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN GENERAL POPULATION OF RAWALPINDI AND ISLAMABAD

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Nadia Tariq ◽  
Tamkeen Jaffry ◽  
Rahma Fiaz ◽  
Abdul Majid Rajput ◽  
Sadaf Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
General Population ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Indoor air pollutants are increasingly being associated with respiratory illnesses leading to high degree of morbidity and mortality. There are not sufficient epidemiological studies from Pakistan which assess level of awareness of indoor air pollution resulting in respiratory diseases in population. Methods: This cross sectional survey was carried out on general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad. Sample size was 223 study subjects selected by non-probability convenient sampling. Knowledge of the study subjects was determined with regard to indoor air pollution, its effects on health and different sources of indoor air pollution with the help of a questionnaire. The influence of age, gender, educational status and socio economic status on the level of awareness was also analyzed. Results: Out of total 223 participants, 115 were males and108 females. Participants aware of indoor air pollution were 91.5% and adequate awareness about its sources was 80.7%. Those who knew indoor air pollution is detrimental to health were 95.1%. Awareness about building construction dust as source of indoor air pollution was maximum (84.8%). There was significant difference in awareness among participants with different monthly incomes and educational status and also between males and females. Conclusion: This study concludes that general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad has fairly good awareness about sources of indoor air pollution. Use of harmful material causing indoor air pollution should be limited or substituted with better ones where possible.

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