scholarly journals STUDY ON BIODEGRADABLE AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF BIOWASTE CHITIN-POLYVINYL ALCOHOL BLENDED FILM

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-139
Author(s):  
Aung Than Htwe ◽  
Maung Htwe ◽  
Soe Maung ◽  
Myint Naing Tun
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Soil Burial ◽  
Dta Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Blended Film

The film forming ability of chitin (CT) blended with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were prepared with a seriesof nine different ratios of CT:PVA, (10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, 80:20, 90:10v/v),using 2% chitin solution and 10% polyvinyl alcohol solution. All prepared blended films have a highlytransparent, smooth surface and pale-yellow color. The prepared blended films were characterized by usingthe physical parameters, the physico-mechanical properties, the degree of swelling, and water uptake. Asmeasured by the swelling and water uptake, the blended films showed a higher degree of hydration, as aresult of varying the weight percent of PVA in the membrane matrix. Comparative characterization of theprepared blended films included FT IR and TG-DTA analysis. From the FT IR analysis, the characteristicabsorption peaks of CT-PVA blended film clearly showed that the two polymers were well mixed.According to TG-DTA analysis, the thermal stability of the CT-PVA blended film was found to be slightlylower. The various types of CT-PVA blended films were also tested for antimicrobial activity using anagar disc diffusion method. From these results, all of the prepared CT-PVA blended film showedpronounce antimicrobial activities. Subsequently, the biodegradable nature of the prepared CT-PVAblended films was studied through the soil burial test. Finally, the prepared CT-PVA blended films can beused in wound dressing, and also as packaging materials.

scholarly journals The PHYTOCHEMICALS, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF Senna alata AND Senna tora LEAF EXTRACTS AGAINST BACTERIAL STRAINS CAUSING SKIN INFECTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Murni Halim
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Natural Drugs ◽  
Senna Alata

A study was carried out to screen for phytochemical constituents and assess the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Senna alata and Senna tora leaf extracts. The leaves were first dried at room temperature and 50°C in an oven prior to solvent extraction using ethanol and methanol. The in-vitro qualitative assays showed that both S. alata and S. tora leaf extracts contained bioactive and secondary metabolites components such as tannins, steroids, saponin, terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids and phenols. The antioxidant activity and capacity test were carried out by conducting free radical of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and Ferric reduction antioxidant plasma (FRAP) assays. Both assays showed S. tora leaf extract has higher antioxidant capacity than S. alata leaf extract. The efficacy of these leaf extracts were tested against skin pathogens through agar well diffusion method. S. alata extract showed an inhibition zone (1.15 – 1.59 mm) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa while S. tora extracts exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis (inhibition zone of 12 – 16.94 mm) followed by P. aeruginosa (inhibition zone of 1 – 1.59 mm). Nonetheless, no inhibition zone was observed for S. aureus by both leaf extracts. The phytochemicals and antioxidant constituents as well as inhibitory potential on skin pathogens possessed by S. alata and S. tora leave highlighted their potential utilization in the development of natural drugs or cosmetics to treat skin related diseases or infections.

scholarly journals Comparative Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Ficus capensis, Aristolochia ringens, Albizia zygia and Lannea welwitschii

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfred O Obonga ◽  
Philip F Uzor ◽  
Emmanuel O Ekwealor ◽  
Sampson C Nwabuko
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

The present study was aimed at a comparative study of the phytoconstituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of four medicinal plants, Ficus capensis, Aristolochia ringens, Albizia zygia and Lannea welwitschii. The leaf of F. capensis and stem bark of A. ringens, A. zygia and L. welwitschii were extracted using methanol. Phytochemical analysis was done spectrophotometrically. Three in vitro antioxidant tests-hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydroxyl (DPPH) scavenging models were employed. Antimicrobial test was done by agar diffusion method against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiela pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Candida albicans and Aspergittus spp. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the most abundant phytoconstituents were flavonoids (F. capensis and A. zygia), reducing sugar, terpenoids, alkaloids and tannins. In the antioxidant models, A. zygia was found to produce the least IC50 in two of the models (NO and DPPH). Results of the antimicrobial tests showed that A. zygia showed a broader spectrum of activity than other plants. This study has shown that these plants possess antioxidant and antimicrobial activities which further justify their usage in traditional medicines. A. zygia featured prominently in these activities. Also flavonoids could be responsible for the bioactivities of these plants.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 16(2): 147-157, 2017 (December)

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF PLEUROTUS ERYNGII AND LENTINUS EDODES HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Gabriela Popa ◽  
Catalina Voaides ◽  
Petruta Cornea ◽  
Valentin Zagrean
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Pleurotus Eryngii ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Lentinus Edodes ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Besides superior nutritional values mushrooms posed significant medicinal properties. Hydro-alcoholic extracts of several isolates of Pleurotus eryngii and Lentinus edodes mushroom species were investigated for their antimicrobial activities against pathogenic microorganisms with medicinal importance. Antimicrobial activities of the extracts were evaluated by the agar disk diffusion method. Results revealed that the 70% ethylic alcohol extracts have significant inhibitory activities against Bacillus subtilis var. spizizinii, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that the 70% ethanol extracts of Pleurotus eryngii and Lentinus edodes mushroom isolates may have biopharmaceutical potentiality.

Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activities of Atalantia monophylla (L) Correa and Atalantia racemosa Wight and Arn

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-436
Author(s):  
Mahadevan Subramaniyan ◽  
Vijayakumar Subramaniyan ◽  
Arulmozhi Praveenkumar
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Background: Infectious diseases are major leading cause of death in all parts of the world, because of the appearance of new multi drug resistant microbes. Therefore, the discovery of potential drug for effective treatment will help the slaughter of the microbes. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the presence of photochemical and antimicrobial activities of various crude extracts of leaves, fruits and root bark of Atalantia monophylla and Atalantia racemosa against human pathogens by using well diffusion method. Methods: Antimicrobial properties of the various extracts of Atalantia monophylla and Atalantia racemosa were studied against some human pathogenic microbes such as Gram-positive Bacteria, (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus) Gram-negative Bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) and human opportunistic fungal pathogens (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger). All the extracts were comparable with standard drugs (Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Nystatin. and Amphotericin B). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal /fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) values were determined through a microdilution method. The phytochemical analysis of these plant extracts were carried out using standard mthods. Results: Methanolic leaf extract of A. monophylla has showed excellent antimicrobial activity against S. aureus (40mm). As well, the A. racemosa methanolic leaf extract shows notable inhibitory activity against S. aureus (38mm). At the same time, the least inhibition was observed in aqueous extract of A. monophylla against E.coli (9mm). The MIC ranged from 0.78 µg/mL to 50 µg/mL and MBC/MFC 1.56 to 50 µg/mL were recorded. Phytochemical analysis of alkaloids, steroids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, phenolics and cardiae glycoside were recorded in various extracts of A. monophylla and A. racemosa respectively. Flavonoids, phenolics and cardiac glycoside were present only in methonalic leaf extract of A. monophylla. Conclusion: The result of this study concluded that methanolic leaf extract has possessed novel compounds with significant antimicrobial properties. Hence, we recommend this plant for further studies on the isolation and characterization of that lead antimicrobial potential molecule.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial properties of two aromatic plants used in the production of sweet wort and tchapalo, two artisanal beverages from Côte d'Ivoire

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 3215-3230
Author(s):  
Dolourou Diarrassouba ◽  
Solange Aka ◽  
Karamoko Ouattara ◽  
Issa Bagre ◽  
Nanga Yesse Zinzindorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Extraits Aqueux

The search for new antimicrobial molecules from natural sources is an opportunity to preserve food. The objective of this study is to evaluate the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial properties of the leaves of Adansonia digitata (Bombacaceae) and the bark of Grewia venusta (Tilaceae), two aromatic plants used in the production of sweet must and tchapalo. Phytochemical screening from the aqueous, decocted and methanolic extracts of these plants was performed using standard colorimetric methods. Antimicrobial activity was also evaluated on 21 strains using the well diffusion method. Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and Bactericides were determined respectively by the liquid macro-dilution and agar plating methods. Results showed the presence of tannins, triterpenoids, cardiotonic glycosides and saponins in these extracts. All extracts were active on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 with inhibition diameters ranging from 10.33±1 to 20.3±1.5 mm. The methanolic extracts had the lowest MICs (12.5 mg/mL), with bactericidal and/or fungicidal activity on most of the microbial strains tested. These results confirm the antimicrobial activities of the phytochemical compounds of these plants that could play the role of stabilizer and preservative of sweet wort and tchapalo. La recherche de nouvelles molécules antimicrobiennes à partir de sources naturelles est une opportunité pour conserver les aliments. L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer la composition phytochimique et les propriétés antimicrobiennes des feuilles de Adansonia digitata (Bombacaceae) et des écorces de Grewia venusta (Tilaceae), deux plantes aromatiques utilisées dans la production du moût sucré et du tchapalo. Le criblage phytochimiques à partir des extraits aqueux, décoctés et méthanoliques de ces plantes a été réalisé selon les méthodes standards de colorimétries. L’activité antimicrobienne a été également évaluée sur 21 souches en utilisant la méthode de diffusion en puits. Les Concentrations Minimales Inhibitrices (CMI) et Bactéricides ont été déterminées respectivement par les méthodes de macro-dilution en milieu liquide et ensemencement sur milieu gélosé. Les résultats ont montré la présence de tannins, de triterpénoïdes, de cardiotoniques glycosides et de saponines dans ces extraits. Tous les extraits ont été actifs sur Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 avec des diamètres d’inhibition allant de 10,33±1 à 20,3± 1,5 mm. Les extraits méthanoliques ont présenté les CMI les plus faibles (12,5 mg/mL), avec une activité bactéricide et/ou fongicide sur la plupart des souches microbiennes testées. Ces résultats confirment les activités antimicrobiennes des composés phytochimiques de ces plantes qui pourraient jouer le rôle de stabilisant et conservateur du moût sucré et du tchapalo.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF SOME DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS ON FUNGAL ISOLATES OF CANDIDA albicans AND TRICHOPHYTON mentagrophyte

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Obhioze Augustine Akpoka ◽  
A. A. Enaigbe ◽  
M. U. Okwu ◽  
O. E. Izevbuwa ◽  
E. A. Ufuah
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Drug Concentrations

The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed that, antimicrobial properties of the leaf extracts were due to secondary metabolites such as amino acids, essential oils, flavonoids and saponins contained. The antimicrobial activities of alcoholic extracts were tested against pathogenic fungal isolates of Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophyte. This was performed by inoculating the isolates into the pure extract, spread onto petri plates containing Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) media, observed for growth at stipulated standards. The sensitivity test was done by the disk diffusion method to test the effectiveness of an antimycotic (Griseofulvin) applied on the specific isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined to ascertain the lowest drug concentrations that inhibited the fungal growths. The antimicrobial test revealed that, the leaf extracts of Eupatorium odoratum and Canjanus cajan inhibited the growths of the organisms while extracts of Citrus aurantifolia and Eucalyptus citriodora only prevented the growth of Candida albicans. The sensitivity test recorded the inhibition zone to range from 11 mm to 32 mm, with the lowest cleared area reported in the extract of E. citriodora and the highest in E, odoratum. Consequently, the MIC values of extracts at dilution levels were; E. odoratum: 1: 10000; 1: 1000, C. cajan: 1: 1000; 1: 10000, E. citriodora: 1:1000; 1:100 and C. aurantifolia: 1: 100000; 1: 100 respectively. This work has confirmed the progressive utilization of plants as antimicrobials for the benefit of mankind, to have originated from microbial sources.

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial activity of douro wines against clinical Helicobacter Pylori Strains

Nova ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (37) ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
Lidia Po Catalao Dionisio ◽  
Alejandro Manuel Labella ◽  
María Palma ◽  
Juan José Borrego
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Horse Blood ◽  
H Pylori

Aim. In vitro antimicrobial activities of seven wines (5 reds and 2 whites) from the Douro region (Iberian Peninsule) against eleven clinical strains of Helicobacter pylori were evaluated. Methods. The disk diffusion method, using Columbia Agar supplemented with horse blood (CAB), were used to determine the antimicrobial properties of some wine components against H. pylori strains. Potential interactions of antioxidants contained in the wines and two antimicrobials (amoxicillin and metronidazole) were studied by the disk diffusion method. Results. All the tested strains showed growth in CAB supplemented with 9% of the tested wines but none of them grew in media supplemented with 45% and 67.5% of wine. Similarly, all the tested strains grew in media with the concentration of proanthocyanidins present in the different types of the studied wines. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of the wine antioxidant components tested (benzoic acid, catechin, quercetin, and resveratrol) indicate that resveratrol was the most powerful inhibitory substance against H. pylori. An effect of potentiation between amoxicillin and metronidazole and the antioxidants tested was also established. The interaction of amoxicillin and resveratrol or metronidazole and catechin increased the antimicrobial activity against H. pylori. Conclusions. The results obtained suggested a potential role of resveratrol as a chemopreventive agent for H. pylori infection.

Synthesis and Characterization of Some Mannich Base Analogues of Ciprofloxacin: Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Cytotoxic Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-559
Author(s):  
M. G. Rabbani ◽  
M. R. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Mannich Base ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Assessment ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Mannich Reaction

The present work contains synthesis of six Mannich base analogues of ciprofloxacin 2-7 those have been prepared by the Mannich reaction to investigate some therapeutic assessment. The structure of the analogues has been established by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectroscopy, and elemental analysis techniques. The derivatives were screened for their antimicrobial activities by the disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial activity of the analogues compared with the parent was evaluated against three Gram-positive, eight Gram-negative bacterial strains, and three different fungal strains. The synthesized compounds showed diverse antimicrobial profiles among which derivatives 2, 3 & 6 possessed enhanced activity in contrast to the ciprofloxacin. Additionally, unlike ciprofloxacin, most of the derivatives were found to demonstrate antifungal activity against Candida albicans.  Cytotoxicity was also made against brine shrimp lethality assay. Interestingly, most of the derivatives revealed enhanced cytotoxic activity than that of ciprofloxacin.

scholarly journals Quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan: preparation and antimicrobial property for paper

Open Medicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengtao Liu ◽  
Weisheng Meng ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Yonghui Sun ◽  
Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Zone Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Ft Ir

Abstract A series of 2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) was prepared by the reaction of chitosan with glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. Structure of HACC was characterized by FT IR and 1H NMR spectroscopies, and it was proved that substitution reaction mainly occurs on the N element. Antimicrobial activities of HACC was examined against S. aureus, E. coli, and A. niger. Results indicatd that the inhibitory effects of HACC solutions were varied with HACC concentration, quaternization degrees, pH values, metal ions, and heat treatment. The antimicrobial properties of handsheets prepared from HACC were studied by the inhibition zone method, and the sheets had good antimicrobial properties against S. aureus and E. coli, and low inhibition rate against A. niger.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Some NH-Analogues of Ciprofloxacin on Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Cytotoxic Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-362
Author(s):  
M. G. Rabbani ◽  
M. R. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Mass Spectral Data ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Ft Ir

Present work includes synthesis of five NH-analogues of ciprofloxacin, 2-6 have been prepared to find out their medicinal assessment, for instance, antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxicity. The structure of the analogues has been confirmed by FT- IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, mass spectral data and elemental analysis. The compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities by the disc diffusion method. Cytotoxicity was also tested against brine shrimp lethality assay. The antimicrobial activity of the analogues compared with the parent was evaluated against three Gram-positive, five Gram-negative bacterial strains and three fungi. The synthesized compounds showed diverse antimicrobial profile among which derivatives, 2 and 3 possessed enhanced activity in contrast to the ciprofloxacin. Additionally, unlike ciprofloxacin, most of the derivatives were also found to show antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Regarding cytotoxicity, most of the derivatives exhibited better cytotoxic activity than ciprofloxacin.

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