scholarly journals Handheld mechanical nociceptive threshold testing in dairy cows – intra-individual variation, inter-observer agreement and variation over time

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 660-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M Raundal ◽  
Pia H Andersen ◽  
Nils Toft ◽  
Björn Forkman ◽  
Lene Munksgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Threshold Testing ◽  
Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Over Time

Mechanical nociceptive threshold testing in assessing pain

2009 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jolliffe ◽  
D. Flack ◽  
B. Joyce ◽  
J. Keeley ◽  
P. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Threshold Testing ◽  
Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold

Evaluating the efficacy of a topical anaesthetic formulation and ketoprofen, alone and in combination, on the pain sensitivity of dehorning wounds in Holstein-Friesian calves

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal A. Espinoza ◽  
Dominique McCarthy ◽  
Peter J. White ◽  
Peter A. Windsor ◽  
Sabrina H. Lomax
Keyword(s):  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Topical Anaesthetic ◽  
Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Wound Area ◽  
Skin Edge ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Pressure Algometer ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Over Time

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a topically applied local anaesthetic and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen, alone and in combination, on the pain sensitivity response of calves to dehorning (mean age 2.2 months). Calves were randomly allocated and blocked by age to one of four groups. Groups were: scoop dehorning (D, n = 8), scoop dehorning + i.m. administration of 3 mg/kg ketoprofen (DK, n = 8), scoop dehorning + application of topical anaesthetic (DTA, n = 7) and scoop dehorning + application of topical anaesthetic and i.m. administration of ketoprofen (DKTA, n = 7). A pressure algometer was used to determine the mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT), being the pressure (kg/f) at which calves withdrew from the stimulus. Measurements were taken before dehorning and at 1 min, 1, 2, 5 and 24 h post-dehorning at both the cut skin edge of the wound and the peri-wound area. The effect of treatment changed over time (P < 0.001). MNT was highest before treatment (MNT = 5.03 kg/f) and tended to decrease over time (MNT = 1.16 kg/f 24 h post-treatment). Overall, D calves exhibited the lowest MNT with an average of 1.77 kg/f. DTA calves had the highest MNT (3.89 kg/f), followed closely by DKTA calves (3.24 kg/f). DK calves exhibited an intermediate MNT of 2.61 kg/f. MNT of the cut skin edge was generally lower than that of the peri-wound area (2.01 vs 3.81 kg/f, respectively, P = 0.02).The topical anaesthetic formulation significantly reduced the pain sensitivity of dehorning wounds. There was no observed enhanced analgesic effect with addition of ketoprofen. The cut skin edge was more sensitive to pressure than the peri-wound area.

scholarly journals Mechanical nociceptive threshold testing in Bos indicus bull calves

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle C. Musk ◽  
Michael Laurence ◽  
Teresa Collins ◽  
Jonathan Tuke ◽  
Timothy H. Hyndman
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Mechanical Stimulus ◽  
Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Analgesic Treatment ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Threshold Testing ◽  
Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold

The aim of this prospective, controlled, randomised trial was to develop a technique for mechanical nociceptive threshold testing (NTT) to assess pain in Bos indicus bull calves undergoing surgical castration. Analgesia was provided by 0.5 mg/kg subcutaneous (SC) meloxicam (M) and/or 2 mg/kg of intra-testicular and SC (at the surgery sites) lidocaine (L). Forty-eight Brahman bull calves at 6–8 months of age were divided into six study groups, each with eight animals: no surgery control; surgical castration (C) without analgesia; C and Mpre-op; C and Mpost-op; C, L and Mpost-op; C and L. Mechanical NTT was performed the day before surgery (Day –1) and on Days 1, 2, 6, 10 and 13 after surgery. A handheld manual pneumatic device with a 1-mm (diameter) blunt pin was used to deliver a mechanical stimulus to a maximum of 27 Newtons either side of the most dorsal aspect of the sacrum. The most frequent responses to the mechanical stimulus were lifting or kicking of the leg on the same side as the stimulus (31%) and stepping away from the stimulus (24.9%). Data were analysed with a mixed effect linear model with the nociceptive threshold (NT) as the response variable and day and analgesic treatment as predictors (P < 0.05 was considered significant). For all groups, there was a trend towards decreasing NT over the study period but there were no significant differences between groups. Step down model selection with day, batch and treatment terms revealed a significant effect of day (P < 0.001) and batch (P = 0.007). Mechanical NTT for assessment of pain in Bos indicus bull calves requires further refinement to determine if this is a useful method of pain assessment.

scholarly journals Thermal and mechanical nociceptive threshold testing in pregnant sheep

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle C Musk ◽  
Fraser R Murdoch ◽  
Jonathan Tuke ◽  
Matthew W Kemp ◽  
Michael J Dixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Pregnant Sheep ◽  
Threshold Testing ◽  
Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold

scholarly journals Analysis of Behaviors Observed During Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold Testing in Donkeys and Horses

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola J. Grint ◽  
Thierry Beths ◽  
Kathy Yvorchuk-St Jean ◽  
Helen R. Whay ◽  
Joanna C. Murrell
Keyword(s):  
Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Threshold Testing ◽  
Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold

scholarly journals Pre-test habituation improves the reliability of a handheld test of mechanical nociceptive threshold in dairy cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Raundal ◽  
P.H. Andersen ◽  
N. Toft ◽  
M.S. Herskin ◽  
B. Forkman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold
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