The Spatial Footprint of the Knowledge Economy: The Role of Intangible Investment in Shaping Regional Inequalities in Great Britain

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos A. Melachroinos ◽  
Nigel Spence
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Regional Inequalities ◽  
Intangible Investment

Towards the Final Legitimation of the Party

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Ignazi
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
The Political ◽  
Party Formation ◽  
Post War ◽  
Dominant Influence

Chapter 3 investigates the process of party formation in France, Germany, Great Britain, and Italy, and demonstrates the important role of cultural and societal premises for the development of political parties in the nineteenth century. Particular attention is paid in this context to the conditions in which the two mass parties, socialists and Christian democrats, were established. A larger set of Western European countries included in this analysis is thoroughly scrutinized. Despite discontent among traditional liberal-conservative elites, full endorsement of the political party was achieved at the beginning of the twentieth century. Particular attention is paid to the emergence of the interwar totalitarian party, especially under the guise of Italian and German fascism, when ‘the party’ attained its most dominant influence as the sole source and locus of power. The chapter concludes by suggesting hidden and unaccounted heritages of that experience in post-war politics.

scholarly journals Wider-community Segregation and the Effect of Neighbourhood Ethnic Diversity on Social Capital: An Investigation into Intra-Neighbourhood Trust in Great Britain and London

Sociology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1011-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Laurence
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Models ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Community Segregation ◽  
Do So

Extensive research has demonstrated that neighbourhood ethnic diversity is negatively associated with intra-neighbourhood social capital. This study explores the role of segregation and integration in this relationship. To do so it applies three-level hierarchical linear models to two sets of data from across Great Britain and within London, and examines how segregation across the wider-community in which a neighbourhood is nested impacts trust amongst neighbours. This study replicates the increasingly ubiquitous finding that neighbourhood diversity is negatively associated with neighbour-trust. However, we demonstrate that this relationship is highly dependent on the level of segregation across the wider-community in which a neighbourhood is nested. Increasing neighbourhood diversity only negatively impacts neighbour-trust when nested in more segregated wider-communities. Individuals living in diverse neighbourhoods nested within integrated wider-communities experience no trust-penalty. These findings show that segregation plays a critical role in the neighbourhood diversity/trust relationship, and that its absence from the literature biases our understanding of how ethnic diversity affects social cohesion.

scholarly journals Collective or Individual? What Types of Tourism Reduce Economic Inequality in Peripheral Regions?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4898
Author(s):  
Andrzej Tucki ◽  
Korneliusz Pylak
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Region ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Tourism Impacts ◽  
Economic Distress ◽  
Regional Inequalities ◽  
Local Agriculture ◽  
Northeastern Poland ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

Regional inequalities are a major concern for governments and policymakers. There is no doubt that tourism impacts the reduction of inequalities, but this impact is not entirely clear. We consider this ambiguity to be related to both the level of study and type of accommodation. In the present study, we examine the inequality level measured by the Gini coefficient in 108 municipalities of the peripheral region of northeastern Poland from 2009 to 2018. We employ a directional spillover index to measure the impact of two accommodation types on tax incomes per capita. The empirical results indicate that collective accommodation-based tourism only reduced inequality during the financial crisis, while individual accommodation-based tourism started to reduce inequality from 2014, when Russian sanctions hit local agriculture and businesses. These results indicate that the role of accommodation types is time-varying and evident in measuring economic distress during and after shocks.

PSYCHOLOGICAL BASIS OF CONVICTED WOMEN IN DETENTION PLACES WITH CHILDREN: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Светлана Станиславовна Пиюкова
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Family Reunification ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The One

Статья посвящена рассмотрению психологических основ совместного пребывания осужденных женщин с детьми в отделениях матери и ребенка пенитенциарных учреждений различных стран. Раскрывается значение регулярных контактов осужденной женщины со своим ребенком на протяжении всего срока ее пребывания в исправительном учреждении. Характеризуется влияние ограничения контактов с матерями, находящимися в местах лишения свободы, на развитие психики их детей. Авторами статьи обосновывается роль поддержания отношений между матерями и детьми как одного из факторов, способствующих увеличению вероятности успешного воссоединения семей после освобождения женщин из мест лишения свободы. Рассматриваются существующие в настоящее время в международной пенитенциарной практике решения по созданию условий для содержания осужденных женщин с детьми в исправительных учреждениях. Характеризуются задачи отделений матери и ребенка, а также приводятся примеры из практики их организации в пенитенциарных системах США, Канады, Великобритании, Новой Зеландии, Германии и других стран. Приводятся данные исследований, свидетельствующие об эффективности работы отделений матери и ребенка. Анализируются аргументы сторонников и противников содержания осужденных женщин с детьми в исправительных учреждениях. Обосновывается тезис о необходимости достижения баланса в удовлетворении потребностей ребенка, с одной стороны, и организации условий для совместного содержания осужденных женщин с детьми в исправительных учреждениях, принимая во внимание вопросы безопасности и серьезность правонарушений со стороны матери. The article is devoted to the examination of the psychological foundations of the joint stay of convicted women with children in the mother and child wards of penitentiary institutions in different countries. The significance of regular contacts between a convicted woman and her child throughout the entire period of her stay in a correctional institution is revealed. The influence of limiting contacts with mothers in prison on the development of the psyche of their children is characterized. The authors of the article substantiate the role of maintaining relations between mothers and children as one of the factors contributing to an increase in the likelihood of successful family reunification after the release of women from prison. The author considers the solutions currently existing in international penitentiary practice to create conditions for the detention of convicted women with children in correctional institutions. The tasks of mother and child departments are characterized, and examples from the practice of their organization in the penitentiary systems of the USA, Canada, Great Britain, New Zealand, Germany and other countries are given. Research data showing the effectiveness of the work of the mother and child departments are presented. The arguments of supporters and opponents of keeping convicted women with children in correctional institutions are analyzed. The thesis is substantiated that it is necessary to achieve a balance in meeting the needs of the child, on the one hand, and to organize conditions for the joint detention of convicted women with children in correctional institutions, taking into account the issues of safety and the seriousness of offenses on the part of the mother.

Sport and the Imperial Bond: The 1911 ‘All-India’ Cricket Tour of Great Britain

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 261-285
Author(s):  
Prashant Kidambi
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Princely State ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Summary This article explores the interplay of sport, politics and public diplomacy through a case study of the first ‘Indian’ cricket tour of Great Britain in 1911, an extraordinary venture peopled by an improbable cast of characters. Led by the young Maharaja Bhupindar Singh, the newly enthroned ruler of the princely state of Patiala, the team contained in its ranks cricketers who were drawn from different Indian regions and religious communities. The article examines the politics of this intriguing cricket tour against a wider backdrop of changing Indo-British relations and makes three key points. First, it suggests that the processes of ‘imperial globalization’ that were presided over by the British in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries marked an important epoch in the evolving relationship between sport and diplomacy. In particular, it highlights the role of sporting tours as instruments of public diplomacy in the age of empire. Second, it shows how the organization of the 1911 tour reflected the workings of a trans-national ‘imperial class regime’ that had developed around cricket in colonial India from the late nineteenth century onwards. Finally, the article considers the symbolic significance that came to be attached to the tour, both in imperial Britain and in colonial India.

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