The Impact of Social Segregation on the Labor Market Outcomes of Low‐Skilled Workers*

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-37
Author(s):  
Gergely Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Social Segregation ◽  
The Impact

Assessing the impact of obesity on labor market outcomes

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Lindeboom ◽  
Petter Lundborg ◽  
Bas van der Klaauw
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Coordinated Markets, School-to-Work Linkages, and Labor Market Outcomes in the European Union

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Albert DiPrete ◽  
Joanna Chae
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
School To Work ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Skill Formation ◽  
The Impact

A large literature in both sociology and political science has theorized about the importance of skill formation systems for macroeconomic performance, for the transition from school to work, and for labor market outcomes. However, consensus on how countries fit into these theoretical groupings has been difficult, and empirical evidence that these groupings matter has been elusive. Focusing on labor market outcomes across twenty-one European countries, this paper demonstrates that the strength of linkage between specific educational outcomes and occupational destinations is an important source of these institutional effects. Stronger linkage is generally associated with higher relative earnings and greater chances of employment, though heterogeneity exists both across age and gender groupings and across educational levels. Country-level structure matters because it is related to the local linkage strength of pathways, even as there is considerable heterogeneity within countries in the coherence of pathways from educational outcomes to occupations. Pathway effects clearly matter, particularly in how they shape the consequences of working in an occupation that is well matched to one's educational level and field of study. The strongest evidence for macro-structural effects concerns the impact of macro-structure on the earnings gap between well-matched and not-well matched workers with non-tertiary and with upper tertiary education. The findings suggest that policies to improve labor market outcomes do not require wholesale transformations of a country's skill formation system, but instead can focus on improving pathway coherence one pathway at a time.

scholarly journals The Labor Market Returns to Cognitive and Noncognitive Ability: Evidence from the Swedish Enlistment

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Lindqvist ◽  
Roine Vestman
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Personal Interview ◽  
Market Returns ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Noncognitive Ability ◽  
Annual Earnings

We use data from the Swedish military enlistment to assess the importance of cognitive and noncognitive ability for labor market outcomes. The measure of noncognitive ability is based on a personal interview conducted by a psychologist. We find strong evidence that men who fare poorly in the labor market—in the sense of unemployment or low annual earnings—lack noncognitive rather than cognitive ability. However, cognitive ability is a stronger predictor of wages for skilled workers and of earnings above the median. (JEL J24, J31, J45)

Opportunities Denied, Wages Diminished: Using Search Theory to Translate Audit-Pair Study Findings into Wage Differentials

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 921-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Lanning
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Search Theory ◽  
Search Model ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Hiring Discrimination ◽  
White Workers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Abstract This article proposes a framework with which to estimate the impact on labor market outcomes implied by audit-pair study findings. I present a search model with discrimination and calibrate the model with experimental data from audit studies of the U.S. labor market and the NLSY79 to estimate the wage and unemployment implications of documented hiring disparity. All simulated results are highly consistent with the hypothesis that hiring discrimination may be an important component of the observed labor market disparity between African American and white workers in the U.S. Additionally, while the simulations only generate a small proportion of the observed gaps in unemployment, it proves to be one of the few models capable of explaining simultaneous wage in unemployment gaps. The most robust finding of the article is that non-trivial wage gaps can result even from the seemingly small differences in hiring rates documented in these studies.

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