scholarly journals Drinking Water as a Proportion of Total Human Exposure to Volatile N ‐Nitrosamines

Risk Analysis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2179-2208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve E. Hrudey ◽  
Richard J. Bull ◽  
Joseph A. Cotruvo ◽  
Greg Paoli ◽  
Margaret Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Exposure

scholarly journals Drinking water quality in areas impacted by oil activities in Ecuador: Associated health risks and social perception of human exposure

2019 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 1203-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Maurice ◽  
Fausto López ◽  
Sylvia Becerra ◽  
Hala Jamhoury ◽  
Karyn Le Menach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Drinking Water Quality

scholarly journals Efficient detection and assessment of human exposure to trace antibiotic residues in drinking water

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 115699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Ben ◽  
Min Hu ◽  
Xingyue Zhang ◽  
Shimin Wu ◽  
Ming Hung Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
Efficient Detection

scholarly journals Variability and sampling of lead (Pb) in drinking water: Assessing potential human exposure depends on the sampling protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 106259
Author(s):  
Simoni Triantafyllidou ◽  
Jonathan Burkhardt ◽  
Jennifer Tully ◽  
Kelly Cahalan ◽  
Michael DeSantis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Sampling Protocol

Inactivation of human adenovirus by sequential disinfection with an alternative ultraviolet technology and monochloramine

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 606-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwy-Am Shin ◽  
Jung-Keun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Human Adenoviruses ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Uv Technology ◽  
Very High

In an effort to reduce human exposure to adenoviruses through drinking water, we determined the effectiveness of sequential disinfection with an alternative ultraviolet (UV) technology (medium-pressure (MP) UV) and monochloramine. The results of this study showed that MP UV was much more effective than traditional UV technology (low-pressure (LP) UV) against human adenovirus 2 (Ad2). Specifically, an inactivation of ~3 log10 was achieved by a dose of 40 mJ/cm2 of MP UV compared to ~1 log10 by the same dose of LP UV. However, because of the ineffective inactivation of Ad2 by monochloramine, a very high dose (40 mJ/cm2) of MP UV and a very large Ct99 value (~1200 mg/L·min) was still needed to achieve a significant inactivation (e.g., 4 log10) of Ad2. Also, it appears that the inactivation of Ad2 by monochloramine is not enhanced by prior exposure to MP UV. Overall, the results of this study indicated that, in spite of the enhanced effectiveness of alternative UV technologies on human adenoviruses, sequential disinfection with an alternative UV technology (MP UV) and monochloramine still may not provide adequate inactivation of human adenoviruses — especially at high pH and low temperature — in drinking water treatment processes.

scholarly journals Human exposure to arsenic from drinking water in Vietnam

2014 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 562-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuro Agusa ◽  
Pham Thi Kim Trang ◽  
Vi Mai Lan ◽  
Duong Hong Anh ◽  
Shinsuke Tanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Exposure

Enhanced effectiveness of medium-pressure ultraviolet lamps on human adenovirus 2 and its possible mechanism

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwy-Am Shin ◽  
Jung-Keun Lee ◽  
Karl G. Linden
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Uv Disinfection ◽  
Medium Pressure ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Uv Technology

There has been growing concern over human exposure to adenoviruses through drinking water due to their apparent high resistance to UV irradiation and the anticipated widespread use of ultraviolet (UV) disinfection in drinking water treatment processes. However, most inactivation studies on adenoviruses were performed using only one type of UV technology—low-pressure (LP) UV, and little is known about the effectiveness of different UV technologies such as medium- pressure (MP) UV or other polychromatic UV technologies. In this work, the kinetics and extent of inactivation of a human adenovirus (adenovirus 2 (Ad2)) by both monochromatic LP and polychromatic MP UV were evaluated to determine the effectiveness of these UV technologies on human adenoviruses. Inactivation of Ad2 by LP UV was very slow and only 0.87 and 2.17 log10 inactivation was achieved with UV doses of 30 and 90 mJ/cm2, respectively. However, inactivation of Ad2 by MP UV was much faster and 2.19 and 5.36 log10 inactivation was observed with the same UV doses (30 and 90 mJ/cm2, respectively). It appears that MP UV is more effective against Ad2 than LP UV and the enhanced effectiveness of MP UV on Ad2 is likely due to its ability to inhibit the repair process in UV-irradiated Ad2.

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