Do exemptions undermine environmental policy support? An experimental stress test on the odd‐even road space rationing policy in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bernauer ◽  
Aseem Prakash ◽  
Liam F. Beiser‐McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Experimental Stress ◽  
Rationing Policy ◽  
Road Space

scholarly journals Solving Environmental Problems Together? The Roles of Value Orientations and Trust in the State in Environmental Policy Support among Swedish Undergraduate Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Harring ◽  
Tomas Torbjörnsson ◽  
Cecilia Lundholm
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
The State ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Environmental Intervention ◽  
Environmental Policy Instruments ◽  
Personal Norms

This paper explores whether value orientation (VO) and trust in the state (TIS) are linked to support for environmental intervention and steering among Swedish students in economics, law, and political science. Furthermore, we considered whether environmental personal norms mediate the link between VO and support for environmental policy instruments and finally, whether TIS moderates the link between environmental personal norms and support for environmental policy instruments, testing this on a sample of over 800 Swedish students. We found a positive link between both a self-transcendence VO and TIS on environmental policy support; however, we cannot confirm a moderating effect of TIS on the relation between environmental personal norms and policy support. Furthermore, left-wing students displayed stronger support for environmental intervention. We conclude that more knowledge on programme-specific characteristics regarding environmental values, beliefs, and attitudes among freshman students can enhance sustainability teaching intended to develop the students’ critical and reflective capabilities.

scholarly journals The effects of a diet enriched with α-lactalbumin on mood and cortisol response in unmedicated recovered depressed subjects and controls

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendelien Merens ◽  
Linda Booij ◽  
Rob Markus ◽  
Frans G. Zitman ◽  
Willem Onkenhout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Mental Arithmetic ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Experimental Stress ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Arithmetic Task ◽  
Serotonin Content ◽  
Neutral Amino Acids ◽  
Induced Mood

α-Lactalbumin is a tryptophan-rich protein fraction. A diet enriched with α-lactalbumin increases the ratio of tryptophan to the other large neutral amino acids, which may in turn increase brain serotonin content. In stress-vulnerable individuals, α-lactalbumin improved mood and attenuated the cortisol response after experimental stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an α-lactalbumin-enriched diet on mood and stress response in recovered depressed subjects and healthy controls. Forty-three subjects (twenty-three recovered depressed and twenty healthy subjects) received α-lactalbumin and casein (placebo) on separate days, in a double-blind randomised crossover design. On both occasions, subjects underwent a stress test (an unsolvable mental arithmetic task with loud noise). The stress test affected mood in both conditions. Although the α-lactalbumin diet led to the expected rises in tryptophan and tryptophan:large neutral amino acids ratio, only minimal effects were found on mood and cortisol response to experimental stress. The results were the same for recovered depressed patients and controls. A 1 d diet enriched with α-lactalbumin is not sufficient to prevent a stress-induced mood deterioration or a cortisol response in unmedicated, recovered depressed subjects. Future studies may investigate the effects of longer-term diets or may investigate different samples (e.g. medicated patients).

Remote Sensing and Deep Learning for Environmental Policy Support: From Theory to Practice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stien Heremans ◽  
Francis Turkelboom ◽  
Margot Verhulst ◽  
Matthew Blaschko ◽  
Ben Somers
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Theory To Practice

scholarly journals Preface: Special Issue on Air Quality Assessment for Environmental Policy Support: Sources, Emissions, Exposures, and Health Impacts

Environments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Andrea Spinazzè ◽  
Domenico Maria Cavallo
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Air Quality Assessment

The increased occurrence of serious health effects, mortality, and morbidity, as well as shortened life expectancy have been related to exposure to ambient air pollution [...]

scholarly journals Cultural change and environmentalism: a cross-national approach of mass publics and decision makers

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ester ◽  
Solange Simões ◽  
Henk Vinken
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Opportunity Structures ◽  
Mass Publics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross National ◽  
Environmental Decision

The main focus of this study - the Global Environmental Survey (GOES) - is the impact of cultural influences on environmental attitudes. GOES examines the cultural impact from a basic cross-national perspective, investigating the impact of cultural change and value shifts on environmental concern, attitudes, and behavior in both Western and non-Western societies. This study provides cross-national insights in how mass publics and decision makers in both developed and developing countries frame environmental problems and solutions. In addition, the project has shown how leading environmental decision makers and opinion leaders assess the environmental beliefs and attitudes of the public. Apparently, citizens are not yet ready to translate pro-environmental concerns into acceptance of far-reaching environmental policy measures. Citizens in both developed and developing countries seem to prefer voluntary lifestyle changes. Moving from environmental concern via policy support to actual (reported) environmental behavior, we can conclude that persistent pro-environmental behavior does not describe citizens' environmental involvement and commitment. Our data indicate that environmentally relevant behaviors (e.g., transportation, energy use, recycling, household purchases, political activism) do not form a consistent and coherent pattern. Practice of one type of ecologically conscious behavior does not predict engagement in another. It is not that people reserve a distinctive spot in their mental software for judging the environmental impact of habitual behaviors. Their mental mapping probably consists of manifold decisional heuristics, including comfort, health, safety, price, efficiency, effectiveness, and social responsibility, which are likely to be hierarchically ordered and in competition with environmental heuristics. A focus on specific behaviors, though, reveals that citizens may be deeply involved in "green" behavior. This is related in part to differences in opportunity structures, social situation and, arguably, cultural differences in exposure to green ideas. The policy lesson from this is not to prompt "general" environmentally friendly consumer behavior, but to promote single citizen actions having positive environmental impacts and, certainly, to create appropriate opportunity structures. In addition to the general national sample GOES study, an additional decision makers' module addressed the following questions, among others: Is there a systematic bias in environmental decision makers' estimates of environmental attitudes and environmental policy preferences of the general public? How do decision makers value a number of policies that are direct implementations of international environmental treaties, and how do they judge their own national performance in this respect? The new module enabled us to study differences between environmental decision makers and general public attitudes and policy preferences in the environmental policy arena, and we did find some remarkable and systematic cross-national biases in decision makers' competence of estimating the general public's environmental beliefs and policy support. These biases, interestingly, are related to issues at the core of the sustainability debate.

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