Medicalization and linguistic agency

Ratio ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-242
Author(s):  
Ashley Feinsinger ◽  
David Friedell
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Agency

scholarly journals Elkövetőből áldozat – a csoportközi konfliktusok narratív konstrukciójának percepciója*

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-424
Author(s):  
Jenei Dániel Ferenc ◽  
Csertő István ◽  
Vincze Orsolya
Keyword(s):  
Social Perception ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Narrative Construction ◽  
Semantic Role ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Event Description ◽  
The Social ◽  
Evaluation Group ◽  
Linguistic Agency ◽  
Narrative Event

Háttér és célkitűzések:Tanulmányunkban azokat a narratív eseménykonstrukciós eszközöket vizsgáljuk, amelyek összefüggésbe hozhatók a kollektív áldozati tudat (Bar-Tal, Chernyak-Hai, Schori és Gundar, 2009) közvetítésével és fenntartásával. Igazolni kívánjuk, hogy a László (2012) által felvázolt áldozati narratív kompozíciós eszközök (nyelvi ágencia, értékelés, és pszichológiai perspektíva csoportelfogult használata) révén közvetíthető egy csoport áldozati pozíciója. Továbbá megvizsgáljuk, hogy egy csoport konfl iktustörténetének percepcióját képes-e megváltoztatni a narratív kompozíció kísérleti úton történő manipulálása: lehetséges-e elkövetőből áldozatot kreálni pusztán a nyelvi megszerkesztettség útján?Módszer:A társas észlelési paradigmára épülő vizsgálatban nemzeti csoportok áldozati történeteinek szisztematikus nyelvi manipulációján keresztül kialakított elfogult és elfogulatlan változatát megítélve, kérdőíves módszerrel (Egyéni és Csoportvélekedés Skála, Eidelson, 2009) mértük fel a narratív kompozíciós eszközök észlelésre gyakorolt hatását.Eredmények:Az áldozati narratívum kompozíciós eszközei statisztikai értelemben is hatással voltak a bemutatott csoportok áldozati pozíciójának észlelésére. A csoportok megítélése attól függően változott, hogy a résztvevők melyik szövegváltozatot olvasták: az elfogulatlan eseményleírás esetén az „áldozati” csoport, az elfogult változat esetén az „agresszor” észlelt áldozati pozíciója válik hangsúlyosabbá. Egyúttal azt is sikerült bizonyítani, hogy pusztán a nyelvi megszerkesztettség útján megváltoztatható egy agresszor csoport észlelése, és áldozati színezettel is bemutathatók tetteik.Következtetések:A László és munkatársai által leírt narratív kompozíció közvetíti az áldozati tudattal összefüggő hiedelmeket, és a csoport szemantikus szerepe képes felülírni az objektíven meghatározott cselekményszerepeket.Background and goals:In this paper we explore the narrative event-constructional devices that can be linked to the transmission and sustainment of collective victim consciousness (Bar-Tal, Chernyak-Hai, Schori, and Gundar, 2009). Our goal is to verify that with the narrative compositional devices (linguistic agency, evaluation, group-biased use of psychological perspective) described by László (2012), a group’s victim position can be transmitted. It is further explored, if the perception of a group’s confl ict-story can be altered by the experimental manipulation of the narrative composition: is it possible to create a victim from a perpetrator by just the linguistic composition?Method:The study is based on the social perception paradigm, in which biased and unbiased variants of national groups’ victimhood stories were created through systematic linguistic manipulation. The effect of the narrative compositional devices on the perception of the stories was evaluated with a questionnaire (Individual- and Group Beliefs Scale, Eidelson, 2009).Results:The narrative compositional devices of the victimhood narrative had a statistically signifi cant effect on the perception of the introduced groups’ victimhood position. The evaluation of the groups changed according to which variant of the story was introduced: in the case of the unbiased event-description, the „victim” group’s victim position is salient; and in the case of the biased event-description, the „perpetrator” group’s victim position becomes more salient. In addition, it is demonstrated that the perception of a perpetrator group can be changed by only the narrative construction and their actions can acquire a „victim tone”.Conclusion:The narrative compositional devices described by László et al. transmit the beliefs linked to victimhood consciousness, and the group’s semantic role can overwrite the objectively defi ned roles.

Targeting Type 2: Linguistic Agency Assignment in Diabetes Prevention Policy Messaging

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Glowacki ◽  
Matthew S. McGlone ◽  
Robert A. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Prevention Policy ◽  
Linguistic Agency

scholarly journals Confronting ‟Unforeseen” Disasters: Yōko Tawada’s Surrealist and Animistic Poetics // Haciendo frente a desastres "imprevistos": La poética surrealista y animística de Yōko Tawada

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-98
Author(s):  
Tara Beaney
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Creative Potential ◽  
Political Critique ◽  
Linguistic Agency ◽  
Directing Attention

      If our current environmental predicament, and recent catastrophes such as the nuclear meltdown at Fukushima in 2011, can be diagnosed as partly a crisis of the imagination, then radical action is needed. Ecopoetics can help by directing attention to the agentic properties of matter, and to the sometimes unexpected ways in which chains of events are brought about, through principles of both randomness and design. In Yōko Tawada’s literary work, chance intra-actions between human and material agencies lead to a variety of surprising, surreal scenarios. Focusing on an array of Tawada’s texts, with particular attention to her post-Fukushima novel, The Last Children of Tokyo (US title The Emissary, 2018, Japanese original Kentōshi, 2014), this article argues that Tawada’s emphasis on the random and unexpected can provide a valuable ecopoetic perspective, serving both as political critique and as contribution to new materialist thought. Attention to material and linguistic agency is central to Tawada’s surrealist and animistic poetics, which foregrounds what she describes as ‟language magic”—language as an agentic force of its own with a propensity for generating unexpected effects. By situating Tawada’s post-Fukushima writing in the context of her wider work, I argue that her approach can help us to move to a less anthropocentric and agent-centric perspective through paying attention to the creative potential of language and matter, and to how these generate effects through processes of both randomness and design. Resumen      Si los actuales problemas medioambientales y las recientes catástrofes tales como la fusión nuclear de Fukushima en 2011 pueden ser diagnosticados en parte como crisis de la imaginación, entonces es necesaria una acción radical. La ecopoética puede ser útil llamando la atención hacia las propiedades agentivas de la materia y las a veces inesperadas maneras en que se producen cadenas de acontecimientos por medio de aleatoriedad y de diseño. En la obra literaria de Yōko Tawada, las intra-acciones entre agentes humanos y materiales conducen a una variedad de escenarios sorprendentes y surrealistas. Centrado en una variedad de obras de Tawada, prestando especial atención a su novela post-Fukushima, Los últimos niños de Tokio (The Last Children of Tokyo, 2018; título US The Emissary, 2018, original japonés, Kentōshi, 2014), el presente artículo defiende la tesis de que el énfasis de Tawada sobre la aleatoriedad y lo inesperado puede facilitar una valiosa perspectiva ecopoética, sirviendo tanto como crítica política y como contribución a un nuevo pensamiento materialista. Central a la poética surrealista y animística de Tawada es la atención a la agencia material y lingüística, que ofrece un primer plano a lo que la autora describe como “magia del lenguaje”—el lenguaje como fuerza agentiva en sí misma y con propensión a generar efectos inesperados. Al situar la obra post-Fukushima de Tawada en el contexto de su obra general, mantengo que su enfoque puede sernos útil para acceder a una perspectiva menos antropocéntrica y menos centrada en la agentividad, prestando atención al potencial creativo del lenguaje y la materia, y a la manera en que dichos aspectos generan efectos a través de procesos tanto de aleatoriedad como de diseño.

Order and turbulence in a Swedish bathroom

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Årman
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Agency ◽  
Linguistic Citizenship ◽  
Identity Labels

‘Where are all the queers at the school?! I want to hug you’. Thus begins a conversation scrawled on the door to a Swedish high school’s student bathroom that will spark a debate among students on whether the word ‘queer’ should be considered a slur. In dialogue with work on linguistic citizenship and graffiti as a semiotic mode, this article analyses different stages of the unfolding debate. The analytical lens of turbulence captures the interplay of ordering and disordering in the students' efforts to define ‘queer’. Youths' linguistic agency works as a struggle for meaning across different indexical orders, illustrating the difficulty of sustaining mastery of identity labels as they travel through discourse.

scholarly journals Belizean Varieties of Spanish: Language Contact and Plurilingual Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicté Fuller Medina
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Linguistic Ideologies ◽  
Linguistic Competency ◽  
Linguistic Agency

The current paper focusses on Spanish (de facto second official language) in contact with English (official language) and Belize Kriol (considered to be a lingua franca). These three languages are numerically the majority languages and, as a consequence, are an important axis of study for multilingualism. Previous quantitative analysis of interviews with a cohort of Spanish speakers who use all three languages in the same utterance are examined within the context of linguistic ideologies to draw insights into the Belizean semiotic landscape and the ways in which speakers enact linguistic agency. More than linguistic competency, this analysis makes evident speakers’ plurilingual competency which entails simultaneously navigating ideological norms as well as mulitple grammatical systems.

Vicious Viruses and Vigilant Vaccines: Effects of Linguistic Agency Assignment in Health Policy Advocacy

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1178-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Bell ◽  
Matthew S. McGlone ◽  
Marko Dragojevic
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Advocacy ◽  
Linguistic Agency

Bacteria as Bullies: Effects of Linguistic Agency Assignment in Health Message

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Bell ◽  
Matthew S. McGlone ◽  
Marko Dragojevic
Keyword(s):  
Health Message ◽  
Linguistic Agency
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