scholarly journals Out and about: Subsequent memory effect captured in a natural outdoor environment with smartphone EEG

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. e13331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Piñeyro Salvidegoitia ◽  
Nadine Jacobsen ◽  
Anna‐Katharina R. Bauer ◽  
Benjamin Griffiths ◽  
Simon Hanslmayr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Effect ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Subsequent Memory Effect

scholarly journals Event-related Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of a Low Dose of Dexmedetomidine that Impairs Long-term Memory

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 981-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki R. Hayama ◽  
Kristin M. Drumheller ◽  
Mark Mastromonaco ◽  
Christopher Reist ◽  
Lawrence F. Cahill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Effect ◽  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Picture Memory ◽  
Subsequent Memory Effect

Abstract Background Work suggests the amnesia from dexmedetomidine (an α2-adrenergic agonist) is caused by a failure of information to be encoded into long-term memory and that dexmedetomidine might differentially affect memory for emotionally arousing material. We investigated these issues in humans using event-related neuroimaging to reveal alterations in brain activity and subsequent memory effects associated with drug exposure. Methods Forty-eight healthy volunteers received a computer-controlled infusion of either placebo or low-dose dexmedetomidine (target = 0.15 ng/ml plasma) during neuroimaging while they viewed and rated 80 emotionally arousing (e.g., graphic war wound) and 80 nonarousing neutral (e.g., cup) pictures for emotional arousal content. Long-term picture memory was tested 4 days later without neuroimaging. Imaging data were analyzed for drug effects, emotional processing differences, and memory-related changes with statistical parametric mapping-8. Results Dexmedetomidine impaired overall (mean ± SEM) picture memory (placebo: 0.58 ± 0.03 vs. dexmedetomidine: 0.45 ± 0.03, P = 0.001), but did not differentially modulate memory as a function of item arousal. Arousing pictures were better remembered for both groups. Dexmedetomidine had regionally heterogeneous effects on brain activity, primarily decreasing it in the cortex and increasing it in thalamic and posterior hippocampal regions. Nevertheless, a single subsequent memory effect for item memory common to both groups was identified only in the left hippocampus/amygdala. Much of this effect was found to be larger for the placebo than dexmedetomidine group. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine impaired long-term picture memory, but did not disproportionately block memory for emotionally arousing items. The memory impairment on dexmedetomidine corresponds with a weakened hippocampal subsequent memory effect.

Predicting memory from study-related brain activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 2060-2075
Author(s):  
Sucheta Chakravarty ◽  
Yvonne Y. Chen ◽  
Jeremy B. Caplan
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Important Goal ◽  
Machine Learning Classifiers ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Subsequent Memory Effect

For both basic and applied reasons, an important goal is to identify brain activity present while people study materials that enable us to predict whether they will remember those materials. We show that this is possible with the conventional event-related potential “subsequent-memory-effect” signals as well as with machine learning classifiers, but only to a small degree. This is in line with behavioral research, which supports many determinants of memory apart from the cognitive processes during study.

scholarly journals Subsequent memory effect in intracranial and scalp EEG

NeuroImage ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 488-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Long ◽  
John F. Burke ◽  
Michael J. Kahana
Keyword(s):  
Memory Effect ◽  
Scalp Eeg ◽  
Subsequent Memory Effect

scholarly journals Age-related neural dedifferentiation for individual stimuli: An across-participant pattern similarity analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D Koen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Source Memory ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Neural Representations ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Pattern Similarity ◽  
Subsequent Memory Effect

Age-related neural dedifferentiation - reductions in the regional specificity and precision of neural representations - is proposed to compromise the ability of older adults to form sufficiently distinct neural representations to support episodic memory encoding. The computational model that spurred investigations of age-related neural dedifferentiation initially characterized this phenomenon as a reduction in the specificity of neural patterns for individual items or stimuli. Most investigations have focused on reductions in neural differentiation for patterns of neural activity associated with category level information, such as reduced neural selectivity between categories of visual stimuli (e.g., scenes, objects, and faces). Here, I report a novel across-participant pattern similarity analysis method to measure neural distinctiveness for individual stimuli that were presented to participants on a single occasion. Measures of item level pattern similarity during encoding showed a graded positive subsequent memory effect in younger, with no significant subsequent memory effect in older adults. These results suggest that age-related reductions in the distinctiveness of neural patterns for individual stimuli during age differences in memory encoding. Moreover, a measure of category level similarity demonstrated a significant subsequent memory effect associated with item recognition (regardless of an object source memory detail), whereas the effect in older was associated with source memory. These results converge with predictions of computational models of dedifferentiation showing age-related reductions in the distinctiveness of neural patterns across multiple levels of representation. Moreover, the results suggest that different levels of neural representations support successful encoding in young and older adults.

scholarly journals Event-related Potentials Reveal Age Differences in the Encoding and Recognition of Scenes

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1089-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela H. Gutchess ◽  
Yoko Ieuji ◽  
Kara D. Federmeier
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
High Confidence ◽  
Recognition Phase ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Subsequent Memory Effect

The present study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate how the encoding and recognition of complex scenes change with normal aging. Although functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have identified more drastic age impairments at encoding than at recognition, ERP studies accumulate more evidence for age differences at retrieval. However, stimulus type and paradigm differences across the two literatures have made direct comparisons difficult. Here, we collected young and elderly adults' encoding- and recognition-phase ERPs using the same materials and paradigm as a previous fMRI study [Gutchess, A. H., Welsh, R. C., Hedden, T., Bangert, A., Minear, M., Liu, L., et al. Aging and the neural correlates of successful picture encoding: Frontal activations compensate for decreased medial temporal activity. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 17, 84–96, 2005]. Twenty young and 20 elderly adults incidentally encoded and then recognized photographs of outdoor scenes. During encoding, young adults showed a frontocentral subsequent memory effect, with high-confidence hits exhibiting greater positivity than misses. Elderly adults showed a similar subsequent memory effect, which, however, did not differ as a function of confidence. During recognition, young adults elicited a widespread old/new effect, and high-confidence hits were distinct from both low-confidence hits and false alarms. Elderly adults elicited a smaller and later old/new effect, which was unaffected by confidence, and hits and false alarms were indistinguishable in the waveforms. Consistent with prior ERP work, these results point to important age-related changes in recognition-phase brain activity, even when behavioral measures of memory and confidence pattern similarly across groups. We speculate that memory processes with different time signatures contribute to the apparent differences across encoding and retrieval stages, and across methods.

scholarly journals Your memory on smartphone: Subsequent Memory Effect captured with smartphone EEG

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Jacobsen ◽  
María Piñeyro Salvidegoitia ◽  
Stefan Debener
Keyword(s):  
Memory Effect ◽  
Subsequent Memory Effect

Emotional context modulates subsequent memory effect

NeuroImage ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Erk ◽  
Markus Kiefer ◽  
J.o Grothe ◽  
Arthur P Wunderlich ◽  
Manfred Spitzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Effect ◽  
Emotional Context ◽  
Subsequent Memory Effect
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