Early steps of adventitious rooting: morphology, hormonal profiling and carbohydrate turnover in carnation stem cuttings

2013 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Ángeles Agulló-Antón ◽  
Almudena Ferrández-Ayela ◽  
Nieves Fernández-García ◽  
Carlos Nicolás ◽  
Alfonso Albacete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Stem Cuttings

scholarly journals The microRNA476a/RFL module regulates adventitious root formation through a mitochondria-dependent pathway in Populus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changzheng Xu ◽  
Yuanxun Tao ◽  
Xiaokang Fu ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
Haitao Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Developmental Plasticity ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Pentatricopeptide Repeat ◽  
Dynamic Regulation ◽  
Mitochondrial Regulation ◽  
Mitochondrial Homeostasis

AbstractAdventitious root (AR) formation at the base of stem cuttings determines the efficiency of clonal propagation for woody plants. Many endogenous and environmental factors influence AR formation. However, our knowledge about the regulation of AR development by mitochondrial metabolism in plants is very limited. Here we identified Populus-specific miR476a as a novel regulator of wound-induced adventitious rooting via orchestrating mitochondrial homeostasis in poplar. MiR476a exhibited inducible expression during AR formation and directly targets several Restorer of Fertility like (RFL) genes encoding mitochondrion-localized pentatricopeptide repeat proteins. Genetic modification of miR476-RFL expression revealed the miR476/RFL-mediated dynamic regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis on AR formation in transgenic poplar. Furthermore, mitochondrial perturbation via exogenous chemical inhibitor validated that the miR476a/RFL-directed AR formation depended on mitochondrial regulation though modulating the auxin pathway. Our results established a miRNA-directed mitochondrion-auxin signaling cascade required for AR development, providing novel insights into the understanding of mitochondrial regulation on plant developmental plasticity.

scholarly journals Stock Plant Nutrition Influences the Adventitious Rooting of ‘Rotundifolia’ Holly Stem Cuttings

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-85
Author(s):  
William H. Rein ◽  
Robert D. Wright ◽  
Dale D. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Percent Moisture ◽  
Growth Activity ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Treatment Design

Abstract Containerized stock plants of Ilex crenata Thunb. ‘Rotundifolia’ were liquid-fertilized at least three times per week with nitrogen (N) at five rates (25, 50, 100,200, and 300 mg N/l) and in two forms (100% NH4NO3 or 50% NH4NO3 + 50% urea) in a factorial treatment design. Phosphorus and potassium were included in a constant ratio with N (100 N:15 P:50 K). Leaf and stem percent N levels were suboptimal at the lowest fertilizer rate and excessive at the highest fertilizer rate. Percent rooting of stem cuttings decreased linearly with fertilizer rate. With increasing fertilizer rates, total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) levels increased in leaves and remained constant in stems. Stem cutting percent moisture increased and was highly correlated with fertilizer rate. The form of N applied made no statistical difference in these trends. The decrease in percent rooting with increasing fertilizer rates was attributed to increases in shoot growth activity and decreased tissue maturation.

scholarly journals Methods of Auxin Application in Cutting Propagation: A Review of 70 Years of Scientific Discovery and Commercial Practice

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene K. Blythe ◽  
Jeff L. Sibley ◽  
Ken M. Tilt ◽  
John M. Ruter
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Cutting Propagation ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Basic And Applied Research

Abstract The discovery of auxins as plant growth regulating chemicals in the 1930s and their ability to stimulate adventitious rooting in stem cuttings marked a major milestone in the modern history of plant propagation. Basic and applied research conducted during the past 70 years has provided information regarding absorption and translocation of auxin in cuttings, as well as the effects of timing of auxin application, methods of auxin application, type of auxin, and concentration of auxin on the rooting response of cuttings. The basal quick-dip method, the powder application method, and the dilute soak method have been the most commonly used methods for applying auxin to cuttings in commercial horticulture over the past 7 decades, with the first two methods still in common use today. In addition, a wide variety of other auxin application methods have been reported beginning in the 1930s and continuing to the present. Some of these methods remain primarily of historical interest, several find limited use in commercial horticulture, and others show potential for greater use in the future. Opportunities exist for further development of auxin application techniques that can enhance plant quality, efficiency and productivity of the cutting propagation process, and worker safety. This review provides horticulturists, from the academic researcher to the commercial propagator, with an exploration of auxin application methods over the past 70 years, along with an examination of the physiological response of cuttings to applied auxin and an overview of issues leading to future opportunities.

scholarly journals Effects of Cutting Node, Rooting Promoter, and Media on Adventitious Rooting of Stem Cuttings in Clematis

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 477-482
Author(s):  
Mi Jung Kil ◽  
◽  
Bong Sik Yoo ◽  
Jea A Jung ◽  
Young Soon Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Stem Cuttings

scholarly journals Propagation of three native Brazilian Piper species by cuttings and indole butyric acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-499
Author(s):  
Aurea Portes Ferriani ◽  
Cícero Deschamps ◽  
Wanderlei Do Amaral ◽  
Luiz Everson da Silva
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Biological Reserve

Native Piper species present significant repellent, antimicrobial, inseticidal, anti-tumor and anti-protozoal biological activities. Studies on new species can discover unpublished potentialities and vegetative propagation for the development of cultivation protocols and reduce the natural extraction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the rooting of P. arboreum, P. cernuum and P. diospyrifolium stem cuttings with different treatments containing doses of indole butyric acid (0, 500; 1,000; 1,500; 2,000 and 3,000 mg L-1). Branches were collected in the “Bom Jesus Biological Reserve”, Parana state, Brazil. The cuttings, with a length of 12 cm and average diameter of 6 mm, were placed in 53 cm3 plastic tubes with the commercial substrate Tropstrato HP® and intermittent misting. After 90 days, the survival, mortality, cuttings with new shoots, number and length of the three main roots were evaluated. The percentages of rooting reached an average of 67.5% for P. arboreum, 51.6% for P. cernuum and 50.4% for P. diospyrifolium. A positive effect in the treatments containing the plant regulator was observed for rooting development, percentage of cuttings with shoots and number of roots per propagule, but there were variations in the responses of each species. Leaf retention was an important factor for the adventitious rooting formation in all evaluated species.

Multiple factors influence adventitious rooting in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) stem cuttings

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Villanova ◽  
Antonio Cano ◽  
Alfonso Albacete ◽  
Alfonso López ◽  
Emilio Á. Cano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Multiple Factors

scholarly journals Adventitious rooting on the Brazilian red-cloak and sanchezia after application of indole-butyric and humic acids

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lílian EB Baldotto ◽  
Marihus A Baldotto
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acids ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Plant regulators, as well as bioactive fractions of the organic matter, can accelerate the development and increase the efficiency of adventitious rooting in ornamental plants. We evaluated rooting in the Brazilian red-cloak (Megaskepasma erythrochlamys) and sanchezia (Sanchezia nobilis) cuttings in response to application of indole-butyric acid (IBA) and humic acids (HA). Stem cuttings of both species treated with solutions of 0, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 mg/L of IBA and 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 mmol/L of C of HA were placed in 2.0 L plastic pots containing carbonized rice husk, kept in greenhouse. Survival of cuttings, number of leaves and shoot and root fresh and dry matter were evaluated 45 days after. Data were used to run an analysis of variance. We observed the average contrasts, calculated the regression equations and estimated the concentrations that provided the best efficiency in terms of root dry matter. For IBA, 185.4 and 66.8 mg/L were the concentrations that promoted the highest root dry matter accumulation in the Brazilian red-cloak and sanchezia, respectively, with increments of 140 and 22.5% in relation to the control. HA, at 33.6 mmol L-1 of C, increased shoot fresh and dry matter in the Brazilian red-cloak, but reduced root formation compared to the control. In sanchezia, HA at 19.5 mmol L-1 of C promoted increases of 35.9% in root dry matter in relation to the control. We concluded that IBA, in the abovementioned concentrations, increased adventitious rooting in cuttings of both the Brazilian red-cloak and sanchezia, while optimal doses of HA solutions are very likely to improve adventitious rooting in sanchezia, but not in the Brazilian red-cloak.

scholarly journals Production and Rooting of Shoots Generated from Dormant Stem Sections of Maple Species

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1274-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Henry ◽  
John E. Preece
Keyword(s):  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Significant Variability ◽  
Rooting Response ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Vegetative shoots were forced in the greenhouse from excised stem (branch) sections of dormant Japanese maple (Acer palmatum Thunb.), red maple (Acer rubrum L.), and sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.). Softwood shoots generated in this way were used as stem cuttings in a subsequent adventitious rooting study. Data indicate that maple shoots can be forced using this technique, but that both the percentage of stem sections forming shoots and the number of shoots produced are highly variable among both species and clones. Whereas Japanese and red maple formed shoots on >50% of stem sections, shoots were generated on only 20% of sugar maple stem sections. Significant variability was also observed in rooting response, with red maple shoots rooting at much higher percentages (60%) than either Japanese maple (26%) or sugar maple (15%).

scholarly journals Mist Level Influences Vapor Pressure Deficit and Gas Exchange During Rooting of Juvenile Stem Cuttings of Loblolly Pine

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1448-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony V. LeBude ◽  
Barry Goldfarb ◽  
Frank A. Blazich ◽  
John Frampton ◽  
Farrell C. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Ambient Conditions

Two experiments were conducted during which juvenile hardwood or softwood stem cuttings of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) were rooted under six mist regimes in a polyethylene-covered greenhouse to investigate the effect of mist level on vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and cutting water potential (Ψcut), and to determine the relationships between these variables and rooting percentage. In addition, net photosynthesis at ambient conditions (Aambient) and stomatal conductance (gs) were measured in stem cuttings during adventitious root formation to determine their relationship to rooting percentage. Hardwood stem cuttings rooted ≥80% when mean daily VPD between 1000 and 1800 hr ranged from 0.60 to 0.85 kPa. Although rooting percentage was related to Ψcut, and Aambient was related to Ψcut, rooting percentage of softwood stem cuttings was not related to Aambient of stem cuttings. Using VPD as a control mechanism for mist application during adventitious rooting of stem cuttings of loblolly pine might increase rooting percentages across a variety of rooting environments.

scholarly journals Environment, Photosynthesis, and Adventitious Rooting of Manchurian Lilac Cuttings Propagated in Overhead Mist, Submist, and Combination Systems

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Sanchez ◽  
Stephanie E. Burnett ◽  
Bryan J. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Combination System ◽  
Terminal Buds

We propagated manchurian lilac (Syringa pubescens subsp. patula ‘Miss Kim’) vegetatively from stem cuttings using overhead mist, submist, and combination propagation systems. Cuttings were collected when terminal buds were already set, after the period of tender growth that is optimal for lilac propagation. Net photosynthesis (Pn) was recorded to assess whether differences in rooting could be attributed to differences in photosynthetic activity of cuttings within each system. The propagation environment differed significantly among systems, with vapor pressure deficit (VPD) substantially greater for submist systems than for overhead mist or combination systems, and root zones warmer in submist and combination systems than in overhead mist. Pn of cuttings did not differ among systems and was initially low, but increased about when the first root primordia were visible. Rooting percentages were 90% among cuttings in the combination system, with cuttings in overhead mist and submist rooting at lower, but similar, percentages (68% and 62%, respectively). Cuttings in the combination and submist systems produced significantly more and longer roots than those in the overhead mist system, and retained nearly all of their leaves. Overall, the use of systems that provide intermittent mist to the basal end of each cutting was effective for propagating manchurian lilac. Our results demonstrate that cuttings in submist alone experience a much greater VPD than those in overhead mist, but may nonetheless root at comparable percentages and produce superior measures of root system quality. Combination systems show promise for rooting of species like manchurian lilac, because cuttings rooted at high percentages and with consistent root system quality, despite having been collected after the optimal spring period for lilac propagation.

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