Pseudophoenix ekmanii (Arecaceae) seeds at suboptimal temperature show reduced imbibition rates and enhanced expression of genes related to germination inhibition

Plant Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Visscher ◽  
E. Castillo‐Lorenzo ◽  
P. E. Toorop ◽  
L. Junio da Silva ◽  
M. Yeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germination Inhibition ◽  
Suboptimal Temperature ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Enhanced Expression

Anti-Diabetic Activity of a Mineraloid Isolate, in vitro and in Genetically Diabetic Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Deneau ◽  
Taufeeq Ahmed ◽  
Roger Blotsky ◽  
Krzysztof Bojanowski
Keyword(s):  
Dna Microarrays ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Diabetic Animal ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Fossil Material ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Genetically Diabetic Mice

Type II diabetes is a metabolic disease mediated through multiple molecular pathways. Here, we report anti-diabetic effect of a standardized isolate from a fossil material - a mineraloid leonardite - in in vitro tests and in genetically diabetic mice. The mineraloid isolate stimulated mitochondrial metabolism in human fibroblasts and this stimulation correlated with enhanced expression of genes coding for mitochondrial proteins such as ATP synthases and ribosomal protein precursors, as measured by DNA microarrays. In the diabetic animal model, consumption of the Totala isolate resulted in decreased weight gain, blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin. To our best knowledge, this is the first description ever of a fossil material having anti-diabetic activity in pre-clinical models.

scholarly journals Seed Transcriptome Annotation Reveals Enhanced Expression of Genes Related to ROS Homeostasis and Ethylene Metabolism at Alternating Temperatures in Wild Cardoon

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector R. Huarte ◽  
Giuseppe. D. Puglia ◽  
Andrey D. Prjibelski ◽  
Salvatore A. Raccuia
Keyword(s):  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Dormancy Release ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Stress Genes ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Ros Homeostasis ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Wild Cardoon

The association among environmental cues, ethylene response, ABA signaling, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in the process of seed dormancy release is nowadays well-established in many species. Alternating temperatures are recognized as one of the main environmental signals determining dormancy release, but their underlying mechanisms are scarcely known. Dry after-ripened wild cardoon achenes germinated poorly at a constant temperature of 20, 15, or 10 °C, whereas germination was stimulated by 80% at alternating temperatures of 20/10 °C. Using an RNA-Seq approach, we identified 23,640 and annotated 14,078 gene transcripts expressed in dry achenes and achenes exposed to constant or alternating temperatures. Transcriptional patterns identified in dry condition included seed reserve and response to dehydration stress genes (i.e., HSPs, peroxidases, and LEAs). At a constant temperature, we observed an upregulation of ABA biosynthesis genes (i.e., NCED9), ABA-responsive genes (i.e., ABI5 and TAP), as well as other genes previously related to physiological dormancy and inhibition of germination. However, the alternating temperatures were associated with the upregulation of ethylene metabolism (i.e., ACO1, 4, and ACS10) and signaling (i.e., EXPs) genes and ROS homeostasis regulators genes (i.e., RBOH and CAT). Accordingly, the ethylene production was twice as high at alternating than at constant temperatures. The presence in the germination medium of ethylene or ROS synthesis and signaling inhibitors reduced significantly, but not completely, germination at 20/10 °C. Conversely, the presence of methyl viologen and salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM), a peroxidase inhibitor, partially increased germination at constant temperature. Taken together, the present study provides the first insights into the gene expression patterns and physiological response associated with dormancy release at alternating temperatures in wild cardoon (Cynara cardunculus var. sylvestris).

scholarly journals Enhanced expression of genes in the brains of larvae of Mamestra brassicae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) exposed to short daylength or fed Dopa

2003 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahide URYU ◽  
Yohsuke NINOMIYA ◽  
Takeshi YOKOI ◽  
Seiji TSUZUKI ◽  
Yoichi HAYAKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Mamestra Brassicae ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

A Phase II Study of 5-AZA-2'Deoxycytidine (Decitabine) in Hormone Independent Metastatic (D2) Prostate Cancer

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Thibault ◽  
William D. Figg ◽  
Raymond C. Bergan ◽  
Richard M. Lush ◽  
Charles E. Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
African American ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Phase Ii Study ◽  
Angiogenic Factor ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Laboratory Models

Aims and Background Decitabine (5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine) is an S-phase-specific pyrimidine analog with hypomethylation properties. In laboratory models of prostate cancer (PC-3 and DU-145), decitabine induces cellular differentiation and enhanced expression of genes involved in tumor suppression, immunogenicity, and programmed cell death. Methods We conducted a phase II study of decitabine in 14 men with progressive, metastatic prostate cancer recurrent after total androgen blockade and flutamide withdrawal. Decitabine was administered at a dose of 75 mg/m2/dose IV as a 1 hour infusion every 8 hours for three doses. Cycles of therapy were repeated every 5 to 8 weeks to allow for resolution of toxicity. Results Two of 12 patients evaluable for response had stable disease with a time to progression of more than 10 weeks. This activity was seen in 2 of 3 African-American patients. Toxicity was similar to previously reported experience. No significant changes in urinary concentrations of the angiogenic factor bFGF, a potential biomarker of tumor activity, were identified over time in 7 unselected patients with progressive disease. Conclusions We conclude that decitabine is a well tolerated regimen with modest clinical activity against hormone-independent prostate cancer. Further investigations in patients of African-American origin may be warranted.

scholarly journals H2O2 Activates the Nuclear Localization of Msn2 and Maf1 through Thioredoxins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1429-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Boisnard ◽  
Gilles Lagniel ◽  
Cecilia Garmendia-Torres ◽  
Mikael Molin ◽  
Emmanuelle Boy-Marcotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Cell Defense ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Thioredoxin System ◽  
Enhanced Expression

ABSTRACT The cellular response to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is characterized by a repression of growth-related processes and an enhanced expression of genes important for cell defense. In budding yeast, this response requires the activation of a set of transcriptional effectors. Some of them, such as the transcriptional activator Yap1, are specific to oxidative stress, and others, such as the transcriptional activators Msn2/4 and the negative regulator Maf1, are activated by a wide spectrum of stress conditions. How these general effectors are activated in response to oxidative stress remains an open question. In this study, we demonstrate that the two cytoplasmic thioredoxins, Trx1 and Trx2, are essential to trigger the nuclear accumulation of Msn2/4 and Maf1, specifically under H2O2 treatment. Contrary to the case with many stress conditions previously described for yeast, the H2O2-induced nuclear accumulation of Msn2 and Maf1 does not correlate with the downregulation of PKA kinase activity. Nevertheless, we show that PP2A phosphatase activity is essential for driving Maf1 dephosphorylation and its subsequent nuclear accumulation in response to H2O2 treatment. Interestingly, under this condition, the lack of PP2A activity has no impact on the subcellular localization of Msn2, demonstrating that the H2O2 signaling pathways share a common route through the thioredoxin system and then diverge to activate Msn2 and Maf1, the final integrators of these pathways.

scholarly journals Enhanced expression of genes involved in coagulation and fibrinolysis in murine arthritis

10.1186/ar132 ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Salvi ◽  
Veronique Péclat ◽  
Alexander So ◽  
Nathalie Busso
Keyword(s):  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Coagulation And Fibrinolysis
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