scholarly journals Physical activity and markers of insulin resistance in adolescents: role of cardiorespiratory fitness levels - the HELENA study

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Jiménez-Pavón ◽  
Jonatan R Ruiz ◽  
Francisco B Ortega ◽  
David Martínez-Gómez ◽  
Sara Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Helena Study ◽  
Fitness Levels

scholarly journals Role of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on the Association Between Physical Activity and Abdominal Fat Content in Adolescents: The HELENA Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 679-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. España-Romero ◽  
F. B. Ortega ◽  
J. R. Ruiz ◽  
E. G. Artero ◽  
D. Martínez-Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Helena Study

scholarly journals Relationship between insulin sensitivity and menstrual cycle is modified by BMI, fitness and physical activity in NHANES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirstin A MacGregor ◽  
Iain J Gallagher ◽  
Colin N Moran
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Category Membership ◽  
Insulin Resistance Index ◽  
Homeostatic Model

Abstract Context There is evidence demonstrating variation in insulin sensitivity across the menstrual cycle. However, to date, research has yielded inconsistent results. Objective This study investigated variation in insulin sensitivity across the menstrual cycle and associations with BMI, physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness. Design Data from 1906 premenopausal women in NHANES cycles 1999-2006 were analysed. Main outcome measures Menstrual cycle day was assessed using questionnaire responses recording days since last period. Rhythmic variation of plasma glucose, triglyceride and insulin, homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and adipose tissue insulin resistance index (ADIPO-IR) across the menstrual cycle were analysed using cosinor rhythmometry. Participants were assigned low or high categories of BMI, physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness and category membership included in cosinor models as covariates. Results Rhythmicity was demonstrated by a significant cosine fit for glucose (p= 0.014) but not triglyceride (p= 0.369), insulin (p= 0.470), HOMA-IR (p=0.461) and ADIPO-IR (p= 0.335). When covariates were included, rhythmicity was observed when adjusting for: 1. BMI: glucose (p< 0.001), triglyceride (p< 0.001), insulin (p< 0.001), HOMA-IR (p< 0.001) and ADIPO-IR (p< 0.001); 2. Physical activity: glucose (p< 0.001), triglyceride (p= 0.006) and ADIPO-IR (p= 0.038); 3. Cardiorespiratory fitness: triglyceride (p= 0.041), insulin (p= 0.002), HOMA-IR (p= 0.004) and ADIPO-IR (p= 0.004). Triglyceride amplitude, but not acrophase, was greater in the high physical activity category compared to low (p=0.018). Conclusions Rhythmicity in insulin sensitivity and associated metabolites across the menstrual cycle are modified by BMI, physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness.

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Physical Activity, and Insulin Resistance in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1144-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
EERO A. HAAPALA ◽  
PETRI WIKLUND ◽  
NIINA LINTU ◽  
TUOMO TOMPURI ◽  
JUUSO VÄISTÖ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity and pulse pressure as predictors of learning in a multicomponent intervention in healthy older adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonna Nilsson ◽  
Maria Ekblom ◽  
Olga Tarassova ◽  
Martin Lövdén
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Multicomponent Intervention ◽  
Predictive Role

This project concerns new analyses based on pre-existing data from a randomized controlled multicomponent intervention study combining physical exercise and cognitive training in healthy older adults. The project tests the predictive role of cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity and pulse pressure for learning in a working memory training context, in combination with physical exercise and in isolation. Specifically, two learning outcomes are considered: change in trained working memory tasks from before to after the intervention period (pre-post change) and day-by-day change in n-back performance during the intervention period (up to 32 timepoints). The results did not support a predictive role of cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity or pulse pressure for learning in this particular study context. Please note that this document is intended solely as a report of the results pertaining to the registered hypotheses on Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/h5npm), simply to ensure transparency also of the null findings. As such, this document is not intended for formal peer-review or publication. If you are interested in the results, please do not hesitate to contact the author of this document ([email protected]).

Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with body composition and insulin resistance in European adolescents: HELENA study

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Kondakis ◽  
Marios Kondakis ◽  
Odysseas Androutsos ◽  
Stefaan De Henauw ◽  
Marcela González-Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Helena Study

Role of physical activity in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 805-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R. Deldin ◽  
SoJung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Currently, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent liver abnormality observed in obese children and adolescents. A strong body of evidence suggests that increased liver fat is significantly associated with visceral adiposity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents. Diet and exercise are generally recommended to treat obese youth with NAFLD as they do not carry side effects and confer multiple cardiometabolic benefits. Studies in adult populations report a beneficial effect of regular physical activity on reducing liver fat. In children and adolescents, available data show that weight loss induced by increasing physical activity and calorie restriction is beneficial to reduce liver fat and associated health risk factors such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Currently, evidence regarding the independent effects of regular exercise alone (e.g., without calorie restriction) on NAFLD are unclear. Additionally, there is no data regarding the optimal exercise regimen (e.g., type, dose, intensity) that should be prescribed for reducing NAFLD in children and adolescents. The purpose of this review is to examine the role of physical activity on NAFLD in children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Association between Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Breakfast Quality with Physical Fitness in School Children: The HIIT Project

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1353
Author(s):  
Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez ◽  
María Medrano ◽  
Lide Arenaza ◽  
Maria Amasene ◽  
Maddi Osés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
School Children ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Mediterranean Dietary Pattern

Dietary habits have been linked with health in childhood. However, few studies have examined the association between healthy dietary patterns and physical fitness. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the associations of adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) and breakfast quality with physical fitness in children. Further to this, we examined the role of physical activity in these associations. A total of 175 children (86 girls, 9.7 ± 0.3 years) participated. Adherence to MDP and breakfast quality were assessed by the KIDMED questionnaire and 24 h recall, respectively. Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and speed–agility were assessed. Physical activity was evaluated by wrist-worn accelerometers. Greater adherence to the MDP was related with higher cardiorespiratory fitness, lower-limbs muscular strength, and speed–agility (all β ≥ 0.189, all p ≤ 0.02). No significant associations were observed between breakfast quality and physical fitness (all p > 0.05). However, all the significant associations disappeared after adjusting for physical activity (all p > 0.05). Our study sheds light on the relevance of adhering to the MDP over physical fitness in school children. However, there is no association between breakfast quality and physical fitness. Furthermore, physical activity seems to explain, at least partially, these findings.

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