Role of cardiorespiratory fitness in the relation between physical activity and arterial stiffness and hippocampal volume in inactive older adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violetta Shatalova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Hippocampal Volume

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity and pulse pressure as predictors of learning in a multicomponent intervention in healthy older adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonna Nilsson ◽  
Maria Ekblom ◽  
Olga Tarassova ◽  
Martin Lövdén
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Multicomponent Intervention ◽  
Predictive Role

This project concerns new analyses based on pre-existing data from a randomized controlled multicomponent intervention study combining physical exercise and cognitive training in healthy older adults. The project tests the predictive role of cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity and pulse pressure for learning in a working memory training context, in combination with physical exercise and in isolation. Specifically, two learning outcomes are considered: change in trained working memory tasks from before to after the intervention period (pre-post change) and day-by-day change in n-back performance during the intervention period (up to 32 timepoints). The results did not support a predictive role of cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity or pulse pressure for learning in this particular study context. Please note that this document is intended solely as a report of the results pertaining to the registered hypotheses on Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/h5npm), simply to ensure transparency also of the null findings. As such, this document is not intended for formal peer-review or publication. If you are interested in the results, please do not hesitate to contact the author of this document ([email protected]).

The Role of Race in Relations of Social Support to Hippocampal Volumes Among Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 016402752110172
Author(s):  
Desirée C. Bygrave ◽  
Constance S. Gerassimakis ◽  
Denée T. Mwendwa ◽  
Guray Erus ◽  
Christos Davatzikos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Brain Pathology ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
African American Older Adults

Evidence suggests social support may buffer brain pathology. However, neither its association with hippocampal volume, a marker of Alzheimer’s disease risk, nor the role of race in this association has been fully investigated. Multiple regression analyses examined relations of total social support to magnetic resonance imaging-assessed gray matter (GM) hippocampal volumes in the total sample ( n = 165; mean age = 68.48 year), and in race-stratified models of African American and White older adults, adjusting for select covariates. Results showed greater social support was associated with greater GM hippocampal volumes among African American older adults only ( p < .01). Our findings suggest greater total social support may play a role in supporting the hippocampus, particularly among African American older adults, who had lower hippocampal volumes than their White counterparts. Further research is needed to test these questions longitudinally and examine which aspects of social support may promote hippocampal integrity, specifically.

scholarly journals The Role of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Predicting Daily Pain and Fatigue in Older Adults: a Diary Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saengryeol Park ◽  
Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani ◽  
Jet J C S Veldhuijzen van Zanten ◽  
Nikos Ntoumanis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Diary Study ◽  
Daily Pain

Arterial stiffness and age moderate the association between physical activity and global cognition in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián Noriega de la Colina ◽  
Atef Badji ◽  
Maxime Lamarre-Cliche ◽  
Louis Bherer ◽  
Hélène Girouard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Global Cognition

Neighborhood walkability and health outcomes among older adults: The mediating role of physical activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelle Van Cauwenberg ◽  
Veerle Van Holle ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽  
Delfien Van Dyck ◽  
Benedicte Deforche
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Mediating Role

A Group-Based Walking Study to Enhance Physical Activity Among Older Adults: The Role of Social Engagement

2020 ◽  
pp. 016402752096361
Author(s):  
Yujun Liu ◽  
Margie E. Lachman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Treatment Condition ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Members

Objectives. The aim of this study was to explore social engagement and social comparisons as mechanisms to increase physical activity among older adults. Methods. Participants (N = 60, mean age = 65.7) were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. Participants in the treatment condition used the application to track their daily walking steps and interact via text messages with their group members for 4 weeks. Participants in the control group used the application only to track their own walking steps. Outcome variables included mean weekly steps, exercise self-efficacy, and social engagement. Results. The results revealed that participants in the experimental condition significantly increased their mean weekly steps and social engagement from the pretest to the posttest whereas the control group did not. These effects were maintained at the 1-month follow up. Discussion. The study expands our understanding of the motivational role of social engagement and social comparison in increasing PA among older adults.

scholarly journals Physical Activity in the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Etnier
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Additional Funding ◽  
Promising Area

Alzheimer's disease is a chronic illness characterized by clinical cognitive impairment. A behavioral strategy that is being explored in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease is physical activity. Evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing the effects of physical activity for cognitively normal older adults supports that physical activity benefits cognitive performance. Evidence from prospective studies supports a protective effect of physical activity with reductions in the risk of cognitive decline ranging from 28% to 45%. RCTs with cognitively impaired older adults also generally support positive effects with greater benefits evident for aerobic interventions. Research examining the potential moderating role of apolipoprotein E (APOE) has yielded mixed results, but the majority of the studies support that physical activity most benefits those who are at greatest genetic risk of Alzheimer's disease. Future directions for research are considered with an emphasis on the need for additional funding to support this promising area of research.

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