scholarly journals Wood day capacitance is related to water content, wood density, and anatomy across 30 temperate tree species

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 3048-3067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasia Ziemińska ◽  
Emily Rosa ◽  
Sean M. Gleason ◽  
N. Michele Holbrook
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Tree Species

Wood diurnal capacitance, water storage and their anatomical drivers across 30 temperate angiosperm tree species.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasia Zieminska ◽  
Emily Rosa ◽  
Sean Gleason ◽  
N. Michele Holbrook
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Fresh Sample ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Saturated Sample ◽  
The Common ◽  
Structure Water

<p>Water released from storage into the transpiration stream (termed: capacitance) can play an important role in tree every day hydraulic functioning as well as in tree drought response. However, anatomical underpinnings of capacitance and water storage remain unclear, impeding better understanding of capacitance mechanisms. Across 30 temperate angiosperm tree species, we measured <em>in natura</em> twig wood diurnal capacitance and water content, wood density and anatomical properties: vessel dimensions, tissue fractions and vessel-tissue contact fractions (proportion of vessel circumference in contact with other tissues). We found that wood density and predawn lumen volumetric water content (proportion of wood volume that is occupied by water in lumen) together were the strongest predictors of capacitance (<em>r<sub>adj</sub></em><sup>2</sup>=0.44***). Vessel-tissue contact fractions—vessel-ray, vessel-axial parenchyma and vessel-fibre—each explained an additional ∼10% of variation in capacitance. Parenchyma fraction did not correlate with capacitance challenging the common assumption that parenchyma acts as the main source of capacitance water. Anatomical structure, water content and capacitance relationships differed significantly between diffuse-porous and ring-porous species. Predawn relative water content (water in a fresh sample relative to saturated sample) was on average 0.65±0.13 implying that parts of wood were devoid of water.</p>

scholarly journals Wood capacitance is related to water content, wood density, and anatomy across 30 temperate tree species

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasia Ziemińska ◽  
Emily Rosa ◽  
Sean M. Gleason ◽  
N. Michele Holbrook
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Drought Response ◽  
Wood Tissue ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Daily Water

SUMMARYWater released from wood tissue during transpiration (capacitance) can meaningfully affect daily water use and drought response. To provide context for better understanding of capacitance mechanisms, we investigated links between capacitance and wood anatomy. On twig wood of 30 temperate angiosperm tree species, we measured capacitance, water content, wood density, and anatomical traits, i.e., vessel dimensions, tissue fractions, and vessel-tissue contact fractions (fraction of vessel circumference in contact with other tissues). Across all species, the strongest predictors of capacitance were wood density (WD) and predawn lumen volumetric water content (VWCL-pd, r2adj=0.44, P<0.0001). Vessel-tissue contact fractions explained an additional ∼10% of the variation in capacitance. Regression models were not improved by including predawn relative water content (RWCpd) or tissue lumen fractions. Among diffuse-porous species, VWCL-pd and vessel-ray contact fraction were the best predictors of capacitance, whereas among ring/semi-ring-porous species, VWCL-pd, WD and vessel-fibre contact fraction were the best predictors. Mean RWCpd was 0.65±0.13 and uncorrelated with WD. VWCL-pd was weakly negatively correlated with WD. Our findings imply that capacitance depends on the amount of stored water, tissue connectivity and the bulk wood properties arising from WD (e.g., elasticity), rather than the fraction of any particular tissue.

The importance of wood density in determining the phenology of tree species in a coastal rain forest

Biotropica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Gomes Galvão ◽  
André Luiz Alves de Lima ◽  
Clemir Candeia de Oliveira ◽  
Valdemir Fernando Silva ◽  
Maria Jesus Nogueira Rodal
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Rain Forest

scholarly journals Partitioning mortality into growth-dependent and growth-independent hazards across 203 tropical tree species

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (49) ◽  
pp. 12459-12464 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Camac ◽  
Richard Condit ◽  
Richard G. FitzJohn ◽  
Lachlan McCalman ◽  
Daniel Steinberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Barro Colorado Island ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Variation Explained

Tree death drives population dynamics, nutrient cycling, and evolution within plant communities. Mortality variation across species is thought to be influenced by different factors relative to variation within species. The unified model provided here separates mortality rates into growth-dependent and growth-independent hazards. This model creates the opportunity to simultaneously estimate these hazards both across and within species. Moreover, it provides the ability to examine how species traits affect growth-dependent and growth-independent hazards. We derive this unified mortality model using cross-validated Bayesian methods coupled with mortality data collected over three census intervals for 203 tropical rainforest tree species at Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama. We found that growth-independent mortality tended to be higher in species with lower wood density, higher light requirements, and smaller maximum diameter at breast height (dbh). Mortality due to marginal carbon budget as measured by near-zero growth rate tended to be higher in species with lower wood density and higher light demand. The total mortality variation attributable to differences among species was large relative to variation explained by these traits, emphasizing that much remains to be understood. This additive hazards model strengthens our capacity to parse and understand individual-level mortality in highly diverse tropical forests and hence to predict its consequences.

scholarly journals Relationship between Very Fine Root Distribution and Soil Water Content in Pre- and Post-Harvest Areas of Two Coniferous Tree Species

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1227
Author(s):  
Moein Farahnak ◽  
Keiji Mitsuyasu ◽  
Takuo Hishi ◽  
Ayumi Katayama ◽  
Masaaki Chiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Root System ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Tree Cutting ◽  
Coniferous Tree Species

Tree root system development alters forest soil properties, and differences in root diameter frequency and root length per soil volume reflect differences in root system function. In this study, the relationship between vertical distribution of very fine root and soil water content was investigated in intact tree and cut tree areas. The vertical distribution of root density with different diameter classes (very fine <0.5 mm and fine 0.5–2.0 mm) and soil water content were examined along a slope with two coniferous tree species, Cryptomeria japonica (L.f.) D. Don and Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold et Zucc.) Endl. The root biomass and length density of very fine roots at soil depth of 0–5 cm were higher in the Ch. obtusa intact tree plot than in the Cr. japonica intact plot. Tree cutting caused a reduction in the biomass and length of very fine roots at 0–5 cm soil depth, and an increment in soil water content at 5–30 cm soil depth of the Ch. obtusa cut tree plot one year after cutting. However, very fine root density of the Cr. japonica intact tree plot was quite low and the soil water content in post-harvest areas did not change. The increase in soil water content at 5–30 cm soil depth of the Ch. obtusa cut tree plot could be caused by the decrease in very fine roots at 0–5 cm soil depth. These results suggest that the distribution of soil water content was changed after tree cutting of Ch. obtusa by the channels generated by the decay of very fine roots. It was also shown that differences in root system characteristics among different tree species affect soil water properties after cutting.

scholarly journals Within-stem maps of wood density and water content for characterization of species: a case study on three hardwood and two softwood species

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fleur Longuetaud ◽  
Frédéric Mothe ◽  
Meriem Fournier ◽  
Jana Dlouha ◽  
Philippe Santenoise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Softwood Species
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