Interlocal Collaboration and Local Fiscal Structure: Do State Incentives Matter?

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-43
Author(s):  
Sungho Park ◽  
Craig S. Maher ◽  
Carol Ebdon
Keyword(s):  
State Incentives

scholarly journals 8.4. FINANCIAL SITUATION AND METHODS OF STATE INCENTIVES FOR MODERN SMALL BUSINESSES IN THE ERA OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 206-209
Author(s):  
Ю.В. Мельникова ◽  
А.В. Шохнех
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
The State ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Component Solution ◽  
State Economy ◽  
State Incentives

В статье раскрываются направления развития системы малых предприятий как основы государственной экономики, а также фокусируется внимание на ряде отрицательных моментов, которые деактивизируют малый бизнес, приводя к их ликвидации. В сложный кризисный период, когда субъекты малого бизнеса первыми оказались не готовы к экономической нестабильности, государство предлагает многокомпонентное решение в виде финансовых программ-поддержки. В статье выделены четыре группы программ, каждая из которых определяет свои приоритетные направления для активизации малых предприятий The article reveals the directions of development of the system of small enterprises as the basis of the state economy, and also focuses on a number of negative aspects that deactivate small businesses, leading to their liquidation. In a difficult crisis period, when small businesses were the first to be unprepared for economic instability, the state offers a multi-component solution in the form of financial support programs. The article identifies four groups of programs, each of which defines its priority areas for the activation of small businesses.

Preliminary Evidence on Film Production and State Incentives

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles W. Swenson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Crowding Out ◽  
Film Production ◽  
State Incentives ◽  
Sheer Number ◽  
Policy Interest

This study examines whether state movie production incentives are effective in attracting and/or retaining movie production. The issue is of significant policy interest because of the large amounts spent by states for such subsidies. This study finds that while movie production incentives were effective in increasing the number of film production employment and establishments for a few states such as New York and California from 1998 to 2011, there was no discernable increase across all states. Much of this noneffect appears because of a “crowding out” effect due to the sheer number of states with incentives.

scholarly journals The Surprising Incidence of Tax Credits for the Toyota Prius

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M Sallee
Keyword(s):  
Economic Burden ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Tax Credits ◽  
Search Frictions ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
Endogenous Selection ◽  
State Incentives ◽  
Toyota Prius

This paper estimates the incidence of tax incentives for the Toyota Prius. Transaction microdata indicate that both federal and state incentives were fully captured by consumers. This is surprising because Toyota faced a binding production constraint, which suggests that they could have appropriated the gains. The paper proffers an explanation based on an intertemporal link in pricing that stems from search frictions, which has the unconventional implication that statutory burden influenced economic burden. The paper develops a bounding estimator to account for endogenous selection into preferential tax regimes that may be useful in other contexts. (JEL H22, H24, L11, L62)

scholarly journals Preliminary assessment of preconditions to deliver carbon neutrality in apartment buildings by 2050

2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 18004
Author(s):  
Lauri Lihtmaa ◽  
Targo Kalamees
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Shrinking Regions ◽  
State Incentives ◽  
State Fund

Member states of European Union have large stock of residential buildings that require urgent renovation in order to reach carbon neutrality by 2050. In our paper we provide a preliminary evaluation of preconditions of such goal within the context of shrinking regions. Our data originates form renovation subsidy database of large renovation programme managed by state fund and form Nation Statistical Bureau. First we estimate the potential of apartment buildings occupation within the next 30 years. We exclude buildings that are going to be abandoned due to the demographical and migration reasons. Next we calculate the potential of construction sector to deliver required amount of renovations. We observe that the in our case current renovation rate must at least be increased by factor of three in order to comply with the carbon neutrality goal. This, however, is very challenging because supply of renovations’ construction is limited and overstimulated demand could increase construction prices significantly while rendering the effect of state incentives inefficient. Therefore an urgent technological change in renovation delivery is required to reach carbon neutrality goals.

Collapse in Fertility

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Kristen Ghodsee ◽  
Mitchell A. Orenstein
Keyword(s):  
Social Changes ◽  
Support Structures ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Incentive Structure ◽  
Maternal Support ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Second Child ◽  
Individual Decisions ◽  
State Incentives

Chapter 7 explores the links between precipitous declines in fertility rates in most countries and the economic, social, and psychosocial changes associated with transition. It shows how the transitional recession introduced a new level of economic uncertainty in postsocialist society, a major factor in family planning. The chapter describes how institutional and social changes influenced women’s individual decisions to delay or forgo childbearing altogether. It also shows how the elimination of robust state incentives for childbearing after 1989 altered the incentive structure for parenthood, while the privatization of child care and kindergartens, key maternal support structures, led to the closure of many. The implosion of maternal support structures, coupled with “refamilization” plans initiated by many postsocialist governments, pushed women out of the workforce, often depriving families of the resources to have a second child. This chapter also cites the growth of individualism and out-migration of young people as key factors for the decrease in fertility rates.

Determinants of Residential Location Choice in Istanbul: A Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Tayfun Salihoglu ◽  
Handan Türkoglu
Keyword(s):  
House Prices ◽  
Residential Location ◽  
Destination Choice ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Residential Location Choice ◽  
Residential Preferences ◽  
Intention To Move ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The City ◽  
State Incentives

Residential mobility is a dynamic urban process resulting from the ever changing internal and external factors of households' residential preferences. Factors effecting these preferences are related to households'perception of spatial issues such as the characteristics of a house, accessibility to urban functions and transportation, land values and house prices, neighborhood characteristics, residential satisfaction, and attachment. The effects of these issues vary through the life cycle as well as social, economic, and employment status of a household. As a result of the legal arrangements and state incentives that have helped to develop the construction industry, current housing patterns have shifted in Istanbul since the 2000s'. This study aims to investigate the changing trends in the factors that affected the residential location preferences of Istanbulites from 2006 to 2014. Data was collected through a stratified sampling method from two different surveys in 2006 and 2014. The paper explains the change in the destination choice of residents in the city at the district level and furthermore, changes in the households' intention to move to one of the three different housing patterns which are common in the city.

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